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Biomedical subjects

F Patalano

Publications and source records attributed to F Patalano.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

A double-blind group comparative study of nedocromil sodium in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Thirty-eight patients with seasonal rhinitis due to grass pollen allergy took part in this double-blind study comparing 1% nedocromil sodium and placebo. Treatment was allocated by randomised coding sheet and consisted of 1% nedocromil sodium nasal spray or placebo given four times daily for four weeks during the peak pollen season. Highly significant (p less than 0.001) differences in favour of nedocromil sodium were seen for all signs and symptoms recorded at clinical assessments, and for diary card assessments of symptoms. In addition, time to effect and patient and clinician opinions of treatment significantly (p less than 0.001) favoured nedocromil sodium. Laboratory data on blood and urine samples taken before and after treatment showed no significant effects, and both treatments were well tolerated. Nedocromil sodium 1% nasal spray taken four times daily was shown to be an effective treatment for grass pollen rhinitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Refractory period to ultrasonic mist of distilled water: relationship to methacholine responsiveness, atopic status, and clinical characteristics.

Twenty asthmatic subjects had two successive methacholine challenges, two successive challenges with ultrasonically nebulized distilled water (UNDW) and an UNDW followed by methacholine on three separate days. Only ten subjects showed a refractory period to repeated UNDW stimulation. Prior stimulation with UNDW provoked increased methacholine responsiveness in the non-refractory group and a more rapid recovery from methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in the refractory subset.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dose-response relationship: fenoterol, ipratropium bromide and their combination.

The beta agonist fenoterol, the antimuscarinic ipratropium bromide and their combination were compared in 10 patients with stable reversible airway obstruction. A single-blind cross-over design was used in order to obtain cumulative dose-response curves. The dose inhaled by an IPPB apparatus on different days were: fenoterol, from 12.5 to 1.600 cumulate micrograms; ipratropium bromide, from 5 to 640 cumulate micrograms; combination (5:2), from 17.5 to 1.120 cumulate micrograms. The bronchodilator effect was measured as changes of FEV1 and of SGaw. Data were processed in order to identify the median effective dose (ED50) and the percentage change at ED50 (RED50). The mean ED50 in micrograms (+/- SD) resulted in: Fenoterol, ED50 (FEV1) = 132 (+/- 46); ED50 (SGaw) = 172 (+/- 62); Ipratropium bromide, ED50 (FEV1) = 14 (+/- 7); ED50 (SGaw) = 23 (+/- 11); Combination, ED50 (FEV1) = 109 (+/- 26); ED50 (SGaw) = 121 (+/- 53). The mean RED50% (+/- SD) resulted in: Fenoterol, RED50 (FEV1) = 30 (+/- 16); RED50 (SGaw) = 106 (+/- 78); Ipratropium bromide, RED50 (FEV1) = 21 (+/- 10); RED50 (SGaw) = 82 (+/- 66); Combination, RED50 (FEV1) = 35 (+/- 11) RED50 (SGaw) = 135 (+/- 81). The ED50 (FEV1) of the combination was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than that of fenoterol. This increased potency of the combination supports evidence for an overadditive interaction between fenoterol and ipratropium bromide. Moreover, the efficacy of fenoterol (RED50) is enhanced by combining the two drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Increase in bronchial responsiveness to methacholine and late asthmatic response after the inhalation of ultrasonically nebulized distilled water.

We studied ten subjects who had an asthmatic response after the inhalation of ultrasonically nebulized distilled water and did not show any refractory period to repeated challenge with such water. The change in responsiveness to methacholine after inhalation of distilled water and the occurrence of any water-induced late asthmatic response were investigated on separate days. All of the tested subjects showed a significant increase in bronchial responsiveness to methacholine after prior stimulation with ultrasonically nebulized distilled water, which waned within two hours in eight of them. The other two subjects showed a progressive increase in responsiveness to methacholine, and they also had a further reduction in the caliber of the airways three to four hours after inhalation of distilled water. The late responses were less severe than the initial responses and lasted four to five hours. After the spontaneous recovery, no significant increase in responsiveness to methacholine was detected. Our results confirm previous observations on hyperresponsiveness induced by ultrasonically nebulized distilled water and demonstrate the occurrence of late reactions after inhalation of such water.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1985

Detection of ventilation unevenness by nitrogen washout and forced vital capacity manoeuvres: its limits and reliability.

We investigated the behaviour of several indices of ventilation unevenness in a sample of 234 normal subjects aged between 20 and 80 years, divided into 12 classes of 5 years each. The aim of the present study was to find out whether it is possible to predict a reliable value for each of these indices as a function of age, height and TLC. For each index a large dispersion of experimental points and a high unexplained variance was found, so that it does not seem worthwhile predicting its value as a function of age, height and TLC. We concluded that there is no reason to employ these indices to detect the beginning of a lung function impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Respiratory function during pregnancy.

We studied the respiratory mechanics, acid-base status, alveolar ventilation and ventilatory response to hypercapnia in pregnant women at the first and third trimesters and postpartum. We found alveolar hyperventilation and hypersensitivity of the respiratory centers to carbon dioxide with no significant differences between the first and third trimesters. After delivery we found a sudden decrease in these parameters. The changes seem to be due to a direct primary (probably hormonal) stimulation on the medulla oblongata and cannot be correlated to the metabolic needs of the fetus and are aimed at favoring placental gas exchanges, especially at the beginning of the pregnancy, when the fetal cardiovascular system is not yet developed.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1984

Silver-stained phenotyping of alpha 1-antitrypsin in dried blood and serum specimens.

In this technique for determining the electrophoretic phenotype of alpha 1-antitrypsin in dried blood or serum specimens, the adsorbed material is eluted with a concentrated solution of dithiothreitol, focused on polyacrylamide thin-layer gel, and made visible with silver stain. With this staining technique all normal and pathological alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotypes can be detected. The procedure is relatively simple, inexpensive, and suitable for use in large-scale screening for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in selected populations.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of MMPI scores of drug abusers and Mayo Clinic normative groups.

Compared MMPIs of 80 male and 80 female drug abusers with MMPIs of 550 male and 695 female Mayo Clinic medical patients. Male drug abusers obtained significantly higher scores than male medical patients on all of the clinical scales and the F scale. They obtained a significantly lower score on K. Female drug abusers obtained significantly higher scores than female medical patients on seven clinical scales, D, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc, Ma, and Si. They scored significantly higher on F and lower on L and K. Male and female drug abusers scored above 70 on Pd, Sc, and Ma, whereas medical patients did not exceed 60 on any scales. Findings were viewed as supporting the need for individualized, sophisticated, multidimensional psychological assessment and treatment of drug abusers in rehabilitation settings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Height on the draw-a-person: comparison of figure drawings of black and white male drug abusers.

The Draw-A-Person Test was administered to 30 black and 30 white male drug abusers, in a residential therapeutic community. Mean height and mean area of the female figures drawn by the black subjects were greater than the mean height and mean area of the female figures drawn by the white subjects. More black subjects drew the female figure taller than the male figure. Data were discussed in regard to family background and socio-cultural considerations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Double-blind crossover trial to compare the activity of nedocromil sodium and placebo in antigen challenge.

In a double-blind crossover placebo controlled study, the inhibitory effects of three different doses of nedocromil sodium on the immediate bronchoconstrictor response to antigen challenge were compared with a placebo. All the test treatments were inhaled three hours before challenge. Four asthmatic patients took part in the study and the test treatments were taken in a randomized order. All three doses of nedocromil sodium significantly reduced the bronchoconstrictor response and protected the patients against antigen challenge, compared with placebo. The highest dose of 2 mg was the most effective dose. All test doses of nedocromil sodium were safe and well tolerated by the patients.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity. Dose-dependent effect of sodium cromoglycate metered dose aerosol.

The protective effect of different doses of sodium cromoglycate (4 mg, 12 mg and 20 mg) given as pressurized aerosol on fog-induced bronchoconstriction were investigated in three different groups of asthmatic patients. Premedication with the active drug was compared versus absence of premedication. The authors discuss their results by a statistical analysis of the FEV1 variations. Sodium cromoglycate effectively prevents fog-induced bronchoconstriction with a clear dose-dependent effect.

Adolescent↗