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Biomedical subjects

F Pascal

Publications and source records attributed to F Pascal.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Topical tretinoin in the treatment of lichen planus and leukoplakia of the oral mucosa. A biochemical evaluation of the keratinization].

In earlier work, we demonstrated that 0.1 p. 100 topical tretinoin is clinically effective and well tolerated compared with placebo for the treatment of oral leukoplakia and oral keratosic or erythematous lichen planus. Here we aimed to complete this clinical protocol with histological and biochemical analyses comparing the biopsy specimens collected at inclusion and those collected after 4 months of treatment. Histological results were based on changes in keratinization observed between onset of treatment and 4 months treatment. Biochemical studies included the use of antibodies (anti-cytokeratins 10-11, anti-filaggrine) for the immunohistochemical evaluation of keratinization and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis for measuring cytokeratins. In patients with lichen planus, histological changes during treatment showed that, in the 10 patients in the tretinoin group, keratinization disappeared in 6 and decreased significantly in 3. Immunohistochemistry revealed that cytokeratins 10-11 and filaggrin disappeared in 57 p. 100 of the patients treated with tretinoin versus 25 p. 100 in the patients given placebo. Bidimensional gel electrophoresis showed that cytokeratins 1, 2, 10 and 11 disappeared only in the tretinoin group (60 p. 100 of the cases). In patients with leukoplakia, histological changes during treatment showed that, in the tretinoin group, keratinization disappeared in 5 cases and decreased in 5 others. Immunohistochemistry revealed that cytokeratins 10-11 disappeared in 30 p. 100 of the patients treated with tretinoin versus 25 p. 100 in the placebo group. Bidimensional electrophoresis demonstrated that cytokeratins 1, 2, 10 and 11 disappeared in 43 p. 100 of the patients treated with tretinoin.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

[Topical tretinoin in the treatment of lichen planus and leukoplakia of the mouth mucosa. A clinical evaluation].

A randomized study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tretinoin and patient tolerance to treatment with topical applications in series of 20 cases of smoking-related or traumatic oral keratoses leukoplakia and of 20 cases of lichen planus. In each group, patients applied the topical ointment containing tretinoin (10 patients) or placebo (10 patients) twice daily. Clinical outcome was evaluated on the basis of the surface area of the lesion, measured monthly during treatment, as compared with the area observed at treatment onset. After 4 months treatment, there was a significant decrease in the surface area of the lesion in the patients with lichen planus (p < 0.02): 94 p. 100 in the tretinoin group versus 21.4 p. 100 in the placebo group. In patients with leukoplakias, there was also a very significant reduction in the surface area of the lesion after 4 months of treatment (p < 0.001): 80 p. 100 in the tretinoin group and 16 p. 100 in the placebo group. Tolerance to treatment was generally good despite a few complaints of quite temporary burning sensation at application rapidly resolutive.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

Use of genetic and physical mapping to locate the spinal muscular atrophy locus between two new highly polymorphic DNA markers.

The gene for autosomal recessive forms of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has recently been mapped to chromosome 5q13, within a 4-cM region between the blocks D5S465/D5S125 and MAP-1B/D5S112. We identified two new highly polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers--namely, AFM265wf5 (D5S629) and AFM281yh9 (D5S637)--which are the closest markers to the SMA locus. Multilocus analysis by the location-score method was used to establish the best estimate of the SMA gene location. Our data suggest that the most likely location for SMA is between locus D5S629 and the block D5S637/D5S351/MAP-1B/D5S112/D5S357. Genetic analysis of inbred SMA families, based on homozygosity by descent and physical mapping using mega-YACs, gave additional information for the loci order as follows: cen-D5S6-D5S125/D5S465-D5S435-D5S629-SMA-+ ++D5S637-D5S351-MAP-1B/D5S112-D5S357- D5S39-tel. These data give the direction for bidirectional walking in order to clone this interval and isolate the SMA gene.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Refined linkage map of chromosome 5 in the region of the spinal muscular atrophy gene.

The genetic map in the region of human chromosome 5 that harbors the gene for autosomal recessive forms of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has been refined by a multilocus linkage study in 50 SMA-segregating families. Among six markers spanning 8 cM for combined sexes, four were shown to be tightly linked to the SMA locus. Multipoint linkage analysis was used to establish the best estimate of the SMA gene location. Our data suggest that the most likely location for the SMA locus is between blocks AFM114ye7 (D5S465)/EF5.15 (D5S125) and MAP-1B/JK53 (D5S112) at a sex-combined genetic distance of 2.4 and 1.7 cM, respectively. Thus the SMA gene lies in the 4-cM region between these two blocks. This information is of primary importance for designing strategies for isolating the SMA gene.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Repair of a myelin lesion by Schwann cells transplanted in the adult mouse spinal cord.

In multiple sclerosis and experimental demyelination, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are able to repair myelin lesions of the central nervous system. However, spontaneous myelin repair is often insufficient. Several approaches to enhance remyelination have been considered and transplantation of myelin-forming cells has been proposed as one of them. In this paper, we present results which confirm the ability of transplanted Schwann cells to remyelinate an induced demyelinated lesion of the spinal cord. Schwann cells were either purified Schwann cells isolated from 1-2-day-old rat sciatic nerves, or immortalized Schwann cells (MSC80) arising from a purified culture of 7-day-old mouse sciatic nerves. They were transplanted into or at a distance from a lysolecithin-induced lesion of the Shiverer spinal cord. Labelling of the Schwann cells with the fluorochrome Hoechst 33342 enabled us to trace them after transplantation in their host and evaluate their ability to reach and to repair the demyelinated lesion. Using the Hoechst-Shiverer model, we show that when transplanted in the lesion, cultured Schwann cells, even immortalized, are able to remyelinate such a lesion efficiently. In addition, when transplanted at a distance from the lesion, they are able to reach and repair the lesion in time frames which allow them to compete actively with host oligodendrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[A double-blind nomifensine-nortriptyline trial in ambulatory patients conducted by psychiatrists in private practice: results and comments].

Nomifensine and nortriptyline were compared in a collaborative trial by psychiatrists in private practice. The trial impiled:--selection of ambulatory depressed patients--randomization in parallel groups (respectively 31 and 34 subjects)--administration in double-blind condition of 4 capsuels daily of either compound during 4 weeks--quotation of depressvie syndrom with Hamilton depression scale before treatment after 2 and 4 weeks. The analysis of results shows clear improvment of depression scores, equivalent in both groups (non significant difference and posterior rejection of an alternative hypothesis). Practical problems encountered in controlled trials in psychiatrist's outpatients are discussed.

Adolescent↗