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Biomedical subjects

F Parker

Publications and source records attributed to F Parker.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Role of embolization in the emergency treatment of ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations].

Embolization of cerebral arterio-venous malformations (A.V.M.s) is nowadays recognized as belonging to the therapeutic panel applied to these lesions. After an hemorrhagic accident, embolization is most often performed several weeks later. We report three cases of intracerebral hematoma due to A.V.M. rupture (cortico-ventricular rolandic, lateral ventricle subependymal, cortical anterior temporal A.V.M.s). These were treated by endovascular methods, using fluid material (N.B.C.A.), in emergency or semi emergency (hours, days). This had been done for direct preoperative purposes or medical reasons (heparinization in thrombophlebitis). If, at Bicêtre, the treatment of A.V.M.s by embolization is daily performed, this type of emergent treatment is rare (3 cases on the 350 patients treated till now). No complication was reported for these three patients. The efficiency of such an "emergent procedure" is unknown and cannot be compared to similar experiences. The empiric data we obtained make us think that embolization, necessarily done without heparin, is possible and may constitute an important help to surgery without delaying it. It reduces the risk of rebleeding by targetting the treatment on angio-architectural weakness points (false aneurysms). It redistributes the arterial blood, lowers the venous hyper-pressure, improves the locoregional perfusion and finally leads to a better final neurological status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Chronic sciatalgia caused by sensitive deafferentiation following surgery for lumbar disk hernia: clinical and therapeutic aspects. Apropos of 110 patients].

Sensitive deafferentation is a well recognized entity which has changed the therapeutic approach of some kinds of chronic post operative sciatalgia. It mainly occurs related with a long story of radicular pain and the responsibility of so-called epidural fibrosis has to be discussed. The case records of 110 consecutive patients with deafferentation sciatalgia were reviewed and the clinical data precised: chronic and lasting burning pain with acute nightly paroxysms and sensitive alterations at objective examination. Neuroradiological explorations eliminated the possibility of recurrent disc herniation and neurophysiological tests assessed the chronic radicular suffering and the degree of lemniscal degeneration. After medical treatment (analgesic drugs with central tropism), a strict clinical assessment of pain intensity allowed optimal choice of the technique of neurostimulation: transcutaneous electrical stimulation (51 patients) and/or spinal cord stimulation (59 patients). The efficacy of transcutaneous stimulation (40 excellent and good results) was most often related to its continuous utilisation with a short post-effect. Its side-effects and the frequency of multiradicular involvement lead to spinal cord stimulation. With a mean follow-up period of 37 months, the pain relief was considered as excellent in 51.5%, good in 38% and poor in 8.5% of the patients. One patient had a negative test and was not definitively implanted. Another case failed to respond to stimulation. The clinical and technical complication of the method are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Case report: congenital syphilis associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.

A Newborn infant with prenatally acquired syphilis and persistent pulmonary hypertension is described. The patient had clinical, serologic, and radiologic evidence of syphilis at birth. He demonstrated right to left shunting of blood at the level of the foramen ovale, and responded to hyperventilation. Despite adequate oxygenation with hyperventilation, the patient expired after five days of therapy due to a progressive pneumonia and hypotension. The clinician should be aware of this unusual mode of presentation and anticipate the potential need for early aggressive intervention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Psychiatric patients' views of their lives before and after moving to a hostel: a qualitative study.

This study focuses upon the experiences of a group of 10 long-stay psychiatric patients as they moved from a large institution to a staffed community hostel. The residents were interviewed 2 weeks prior to moving and again 6 weeks after the move. Areas identified in the first set of unstructured interviews were followed up in the second set. Qualitative analysis of the interviews revealed seven recurrent themes that are discussed in relation to other research studies that consider how people experience the effects of institutionalization. The study tests the feasibility of unstructured interviews as a means of collecting accounts of the perceptions and experiences of a client group from which other research methods have failed to elicit detailed information. Unstructured interviews proved successful when undertaken by a researcher who was well known and accepted by the residents. Familiarity with the residents and the context of the interview was also found to be important in analysing interviews qualitatively and the study casts doubt upon the value of primary qualitative analysis of interview transcripts by researchers who have not also participated in the interviews. The methodological implications for future deinstitutionalization studies are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Topical metronidazole for severe and recalcitrant rosacea: a prospective open trial.

Nineteen patients with severe or recalcitrant rosacea were treated twice daily with 0.75 percent metronidazole topical gel in an open label study. Sixteen of the patients (84 percent) showed 50 percent or greater reduction in inflammatory lesions, while fifteen (79 percent) demonstrated a reduction in erythema severity and an improvement when evaluated by the investigator global assessment. No positive response was recorded for any patient prior to topical medication, whereas six of nine patients previously treated with tetracycline/minocycline demonstrated improvement. Seven of these nine patients responded to topical metronidazole treatment. One additional patient who did not respond to minocycline or desonide treatment showed a good response to topical metronidazole. Only one patient reported local irritation after using metronidazole. These results demonstrate that topical metronidazole gel is safe and effective for the treatment of severe or recalcitrant rosacea.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[Unilateral lesions of basal ganglia nuclei in children during myxovirus para-influenzae infection].

Unilateral disorders of the basal ganglia in childhood have received little attention. Infections are a rare cause where as infarction is the most common one. We report the case of a 11 year-old boy who presented an acute hemiplegia with hypodense areas limited to the left lenticular, caudate nuclei and internal capsule. Virologic investigations showed a recent infection due to myxovirus para influenzae. Angiography demonstrated no focal vascular disease. The course was favorable with full recovery.

Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[Racemous cysticercosis of the cauda equina and cystic arachnoiditis. Apropos of 2 cases].

Central nervous system infection by the larval form of the pork tapeworm, taenia solium is a major public health problem in view of its prevalence. The high incidence of neurocysticercosis in Reunion Island has been precised by computerized tomography and Elisa test. Spinal involvement is an uncommon form of cysticercosis, occurring with a frequency of less than 1% in large series. The types of involvement that are most common are subarachnoid cysts which appear as intradural extramedullary masses and meningeal reaction with appearance of arachnoiditis at myelography. Intramedullary involvement is less frequent. Epidural and subpial masses have been reported very rarely. The authors report the two first cases of spinal cysticercosis in Reunion Island which are both extramedullary leptomeningeal forms. A radicular syndrome was present in both cases; incontinence and sacral hemihypoesthesia in one case. Myelography showed lumbosacral arachnoid cysts. Immunodiagnostic tests were positive in blood and C.S.F. in the two cases. Laminectomy was performed and the arachnoid membrane appeared opaque and thickened; the cysts were removed. Microscopically the cystic wall had a thin and curved cuticle, no scolex was found. Treatment was completed with the anti-helminthic agent Praziquantel. Full recovery was observed in one case. In the other case low back pain spread out to the lower extremities with a non radicular distribution and was associated with lumbosacral spinal fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Agonist and antagonist activities at benzodiazepine receptors of a novel series of quinoline derivatives.

Five members of a novel series of quinoline derivatives which all have similar activities on benzodiazepine receptor binding in vitro were compared in a food-motivated conflict and stress-induced ultrasounds models of anxiety and on suprahyoid muscle twitching in urethane-anaesthetised rats. RU 42382, RU 43028 and RU 39419 showed anxiolytic activity in both tests and RU 40410 was an antagonist. RU 40744 inhibited stress-induced ultrasounds but had little activity in the conflict test. Amphetamine-induced suprahyoid muscle twitching was only weakly inhibited by RU 42382 and RU 43028 in comparison with a classical benzodiazepine agonist. Ro15-1788 antagonised RU 42382 indicating that a major component of its action was agonism at benzodiazepine receptors. RU 39419 had no effect, RU 40744 tended to increase and RU 40410 evoked a small but statistically significant increase in twitching. The same rank order was observed in antagonism of a benzodiazepine in the muscle twitching model. RU 42382 was least effective as an antagonist and RU 40410 most effective. RU 39419 had no effect alone but antagonised the decrease of firing rate of cerebellar Purkinje cells induced by a benzodiazepine in urethane-anaesthetised rats. Comparison of in vivo occupancy of benzodiazepine receptors and efficacy in the conflict test in rats suggests a ranking of agonist intrinsic activity: RU 42382 greater than RU 43028 greater than RU 39419. A simple relationship between intrinsic activity at benzodiazepine receptors and structure of the compounds is proposed.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1987

Remote effects of inflammation on non-specific immunity.

Following inflammation induced in mice with non-biodegradable, non-diffusible, and non-antigenic substances, host resistance is increased against bacteria, parasites and malignant cells injected at a distance from the inflammatory focus. This resistance is also increased in germ-free and nude mice. The increased resistance is correlated with (1) an increased leukopoiesis induced, at least in part, by a protein (MW = 40 kDa, pI = 5.2) which, in vitro, is able to induce the differentiation of bone-marrow cells into polymorphs; (2) the occurrence of giant cells in the granuloma which, after incubation in vitro, release an immunostimulating protein able to activate mice macrophages in vivo; (3) activation in vivo of liver and spleen macrophages following the occurrence, both in granuloma and in serum, of a protein (MW = 56 kDa, pI = 5) which, contrary to endotoxin, is heat-labile and can fully protect mice against Listeria monocytogenes. Furthermore, this protein, which is different from TNF and GM CSF, is able to activate macrophages against Lewis tumor cells. The same protein can be isolated from rat and is antigenically related to a human protein having the same biological activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The double stapling technique for low anterior resection of rectal carcinoma.

The double stapling technique (TA-55 and EEA staplers) was used to perform low anterior resections for rectal carcinomas in 79 patients (49 men, 30 women). The mean age was 66 years (range, 38 to 85 years). Curative resections were performed in 68 patients, and palliative resections in 11 patients. The mean level of the cancer from the dentate line was 9 cm (range, 5 to 16 cm). The mean follow-up has been 29 months (range, four to 58 months). Perioperative mortality was 2.5 percent (two patients). Technical problems related to the stapling technique occurred in 6 percent (five patients). The clinical anastomotic leak rate was 8 percent (six patients). There were 11 local recurrences among 68 curative resections (16 percent). Local recurrence according to individual surgeon showed marked variability (range, 0-43 percent, P greater than 0.05). There were no differences in location, differentiation, or stage in those that recurred. The mean distal resection margin for the recurrent cancer group was 3.0 cm and for the nonrecurrent group, 2.9 cm. Disturbances of continence were seen commonly (56 percent) in the first three months after surgery, but 85 percent of patients became fully continent with an acceptable bowel habit at later follow-up. The double stapling technique is useful for the restorative resection of suitable mid and low rectal cancers. The anastomotic leak rate, local recurrence rate, and functional results are acceptable.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Xanthomas and hyperlipidemias.

The ability to recognize diverse clinical forms of xanthomas, such as tuberous, planar, eruptive and tendinous, is important in the detection of underlying systemic disease. A variety of primary genetic disorders, as well as numerous secondary conditions such as diabetes, obstructive liver disease, thyroid disease, renal disease, and pancreatitis, can lead to hyperlipoproteinemia that results in the formation not only of xanthomas but also of life-threatening vascular atherosclerosis. An understanding of the pathogenesis of the underlying lipoprotein alterations provides a rational approach to therapy utilizing dietary manipulations and drugs. Such treatment is capable of correcting most disorders of lipid metabolism, and, if appropriate therapy is initiated at the first sign of xanthoma evolution, it may prevent progression of atherosclerosis, provide resolution of xanthomas, and in some instances prevent serious pancreatitis.

Apoproteins↗