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Biomedical subjects

F Pannuti

Publications and source records attributed to F Pannuti.

159 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) in high doses on chlorambucil-induced bone marrow depression. Preliminary results].

On the basis of previous observations indicating that Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MAP) administered in high doses induces leukocytosis and an increase in the platelet count, the Authors have studied the effect of high-dose MAP on leukocytes and platelets when it was combined with Chlorambucil (CLB) in patients suffering from ovarian cancer in various stages. 28 patients treated with high-dose MAP and CLB showed a statistically significant lower mean reduction of WBC count and reduction of the incidence, entity, and duration of the leukopenia as compared to 29 patients treated only with CLB. These effects were particularly evident when MAP was administered intramuscularly. It was not possible to evaluate the effect of high-dose MAP on the platelet count because the CLB regimen did not induce a significant decrease in it. These preliminary results are interesting because they suggest the possibility that high-dose MAP, which has already been utilized in oncology for its antitumor, analgesic, and anabolic activity in the treatment of breast, endometrial, renal, and prostatic cancer, might be able to be employed to reduce the myelotoxic effects of chemotherapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High-dose cyclophosphamide versus cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-FU, and hydroxyurea (CMFH) in the treatment of stage III non-small cell bronchogenic carcinoma: a randomized trial.

Fifty-eight patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (33 with epidermoid carcinoma, 22 with adenocarcinoma, and three with large cell anaplastic carcinoma) were treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide (CTX) or, alternatively, with CTX, methotrexate, 5-FU, and hydroxyurea (CMFH) in a controlled study. Two partial remissions were achieved (one in each regimen [13%]. Seventeen of 29 patients treated with CTX and 14 of 29 patients treated with CMFH showed no change (differences were not statistically significant). Toxicity was moderate in both regimens. Median survival was 24 weeks for patients treated with CTX and 26 weeks for patients treated with CMFH (differences were not significant). The results show that the therapeutic activity of CMFH is not higher than that of CTX alone.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aminoglutethimide in advanced breast cancer: prospective, randomized comparison of two dose levels. Italian Cooperative Group.

In a multicenter randomized clinical trial 106 post-menopausal patients with progressive metastatic breast cancer were allocated to receive 500 mg or 1000 mg Aminoglutethimide (AG) per os daily. Cortisone Acetate (CA) replacement dose was 37.5 mg/day orally in both groups. In 91 fully evaluable patients, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two therapeutic regimens, neither in terms of overall response (28 vs 35%) and by site responses, nor in terms of median time to progression (10.5 vs 14.5 months) and median overall survival (20 vs. 22 months). The tolerability was satisfactory in both regimens. Although no statistically significant differences occurred, in the low dose regimen we observed fewer patients with side-effects (25% vs 6%) and induced grade 3 side-effects (4% vs 9%). Our results confirm that AG daily doses of 500 and 1000 mg associated with corticosteroids have a comparable effect. Because of its slight but clinically noticeable better tolerability, the lower dose is the preferable regimen in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disillusionments and hopes in the field of biological response modifiers.

A number of new approaches are currently being investigated throughout the world which aim at the better simulation of immunoregulation by different BRM's. However it must be accepted that a remarkable difference exists between the positive results obtained with BRM's in experimental tumor systems and current clinical experiences. It is suggested that the treatment of preneoplastic lesions and immunoprevention of cancer could be a more rational aim for the application of BRM's than the treatment of advanced neoplastic diseases. This hypothesis is based primarily on the theoretical understanding of the immune system as a biological mechanism whose "natural" function is to eliminate "minimal deviation" cells when they occur as regular biological events during cell multiplication. BRM's should be considered first of all as bioregulators for the maintenance and restoration of cellular and tissue homeostasis.

Forecasting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative crossover trial of two intravenous doses of granisetron (1 mg vs 3 mg) + dexamethasone in the prevention of acute cis-platinum-induced emesis.

BACKGROUND: The 5HT3 receptor antagonist Granisetron (GRA) is available on the market as a 1 mg vial in USA and as a 3 mg vial in Europe. This study aimed to compare the two i.v. doses of GRA (3 mg vs 1 mg), both of which combined with Dexamethasone (DEX) (20 mg) in the prevention of acute Cisplatinum (CP)-induced emesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and ninety-eight consecutive chemotherapy-naive cancer patients, mainly suffering from lung and bladder cancer, were randomized at their first cycle to receive either GRA 1 mg + DEX or GRA 3 mg + DEX as i.v. bolus prior to chemotherapy and crossed-over to another GRA dose at the second cycle. The cytotoxic treatment included different multi-drug regimens containing CP (median dose 60 mg/m2, range 50-70) administered on day 1 and repeated every 21-28 days. RESULTS: Of the 192 evaluable patients complete protection from acute emesis with GRA 1 and GRA 3, was observed after the 1st + 2nd cycles as follows: nausea 70% and 74%, vomiting 90% and 94%, nausea and vomiting 67% and 74% respectively (no statistically significant difference). No carry-over effect was observed on the complete protection from emesis. The crossover analysis comprising 156 patients confirmed there were no differences between the two antiemetic treatments. Twenty-seven per cent of patients preferred GRA 1, 31% preferred GRA 3, while 42% expressed no preference (P = 0.75). Nor was any difference observed for tolerability, the only reported side-effects being mild headache (16% vs 17%) and constipation (18% vs 25%). CONCLUSION: This study shows that, under the above conditions, the 1 mg and 3 mg i.v. GRA doses are comparably effective when combined with DEX 20 mg in the prevention of acute CP-induced emesis.

Adult↗