Biomedical subjects
F Oyebode
Publications and source records attributed to F Oyebode.
Fluoxetine and chronic fatigue syndrome.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Care management. Administrative demands of care programme approach.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The prevalence, associations and symptoms of depression amongst dementia sufferers.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence rates of RDC major and RDC minor depression in dementia sufferers, to compare the prevalence rates and symptoms of depression between different dementias and to look at the associations of RDC major depression. DESIGN: Case control. SETTING: Referrals to clinical services. SUBJECTS: 124 patients with DSM-III-R dementia. MEASURES: The patients were assessed using the GMS/HAS package and the Cornell Depression Scale. Depression was diagnosed according to RDC criteria. RESULTS: 25.0% of patients had RDC major depression and 27.4% had RDC minor depression. Major depression occurred significantly more often and was significantly more severe in patients with vascular dementia than patients with Alzheimer's disease. Severe visual impairment was significantly associated with RDC major depression in Alzheimer's disease and physical health problems were significantly associated with depression in vascular dementia. Most symptoms of depression including suicidal thoughts were common. CONCLUSIONS: Major depression is more common and more severe in patients with vascular dementia. The associations of depression may be different in these patients.
Cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and senile dementia of Lewy body type.
One hundred and twenty-four patients with DSM-III-R dementia were assessed with a standardized battery which included the Geriatric Mental State Schedule, the History and Aetiology Schedule, the Secondary Dementia Schedule and the CAMCOG. Patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and senile dementia of Lewy body type (SDLT) all had a similar degree of cognitive impairment at the time of the baseline interview. Patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia each experienced a mean decline of 27 points in patients with SDLT. Patients with SDLT had a significantly greater decline of verbal fluency than both the other groups. Women were significantly more impaired than men at the time of the baseline assessment but experienced a similar decline during the year of follow-up.
Delusional misidentification syndromes: a descriptive study.
Twenty-three patients with one or more delusional misidentification syndromes were studied. The majority of the subjects were females and the Capgras syndrome was the most common delusional misidentification syndrome in our sample. The Capgras syndrome cases were significant older than the Fregoli syndrome cases. Schizophrenia and schizo-affective psychosis were significantly associated with Fregoli syndrome. Discriminant function analysis was carried out on the sample and showed that age and symptoms of nuclear schizophrenia were the variables most predictive of the type of delusional misidentification. These findings are discussed in the light of current literature.
The aetiology of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of depression in the carers of dementia sufferers, diagnosed on the basis of a semistructured interview. DESIGN: Case control study. SETTING: Referrals to clinical services. SUBJECTS: The informal carers of 109 dementia sufferers, 32 with depression and 77 without. MEASURES: Carers were interviewed using the Geriatric Mental State Schedule. The diagnosis of depression was made according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. Instruments used to assess associations included Carers' Stress Scale, Marital Intimacy Scale, Cornell Depression Scale and CAMCOG Schedule. RESULTS: Only increasing age was significantly associated with depression in the overall group of carers. The severity of cognitive impairment was significantly associated with depression in carers who lived with a dementia sufferer and a low level of premorbid marital intimacy was significantly associated with depression amongst carers who were marital partners. CONCLUSION: Few factors are clearly associated with depression in the carers of dementia sufferers. The pattern of associations was, however, different for carers in different situations.
Somatization: a transcultural study.
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the comparative rates of somatic complaints between Asian and Caucasian patients in a primary care setting and to characterize the factors associated with increased rates of somatization. One hundred and ninety-five individuals aged between 16 and 65 yr were interviewed with the Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) respectively. The main finding was that the Asian patients reported significantly more somatic and depressive symptoms than the Caucasian patients. Ethnicity was the most important variable determining this result.
Classification of psychotic symptoms in dementia sufferers.
Little attention has been payed to the classification of psychotic symptoms in dementia sufferers. This article compares the etiology of delusions, visual hallucinations and delusional misidentification and examines the value of factors generated from principal components analysis as a possible classificatory system in a group of 125 patients with DSM-III-R dementia in contact with clinical services who were prospectively evaluated using standardized instruments to describe in detail individual psychotic symptoms. The assessment also included the Geriatric Mental State Schedule, the History and Aetiology Schedule and the CAMCOG. Delusions and visual hallucinations had a distinct cognitive profile as did delusions and delusional misidentification, although there was an overlap between visual hallucinations and delusional misidentification. Four factors were generated from principal components analysis. Three of these closely mirrored the 3 symptom groups delusions, visual hallucinations and delusional misidentification, although the phantom-boarder delusion was correlated with the visual hallucination factor and not delusional misidentification. The fourth factor included visual hallucinations of relatives and delusions that relatives were in the house. This factor was strongly inversely associated with emotional distress and could perhaps best be seen as a comfort phenomena. The pattern of cognitive deficits and etiological associations of each of the factors were independent of one another, supporting the notion that it is useful to consider them as separate entities.
Associations of psychotic symptoms in dementia sufferers.
BACKGROUND: Psychotic symptoms in dementia have been considered as a single category which may have masked important associations. An exploratory analysis was undertaken to look separately at delusions, visual hallucinations and delusional misidentification. METHOD: Psychotic symptoms were assessed with the Burns' Symptom Checklist in 124 patients with DSM-III-R dementia. RESULTS: Eighty-three (66.9%) patients had psychotic symptoms. Deafness and life events were associated with delusions and visual impairment was associated with visual hallucinations, while senile dementia of Lewy body type and older age were associated with both. CONCLUSIONS: Differences are evident in the associations of delusions and visual hallucinations. Sensory impairments were associated with both symptoms.
Handedness and epileptic schizophrenia.
Thirty-two epileptic patients with RDC diagnoses of schizophrenia were tested for handedness on the Annett Handedness Schedule, and handedness was assigned on the basis of Annett-Maudsley criteria. They were compared with three other groups of patients. Five (15.6%) of the epileptic schizophrenic patients were mixed or left handed. The prevalence of mixed and left handedness did not differ between the samples studied. However, there was a significant reduction of mixed and left handedness in male epileptics with schizophrenia. Mixed or left handedness in male epileptics appears to be protective against the development of psychiatric illness in general.
Epileptic schizophrenia: clinical features and outcome.
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of epileptic schizophrenia. A total of 106 patients with combined diagnoses of epilepsy and psychiatric disorder were identified; 20 were excluded and 70 agreed to participate. They were interviewed using the Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders Schedule - Lifetime Version and psychiatric diagnoses were assigned based on Research Diagnostic Criteria. Thirty-two subjects with additional diagnosis of schizophrenia were identified and compared with 31 functional schizophrenic patients matched for age. Both groups shared third person auditory hallucinations most in common, and delusions of passivity least; delusions of passivity occurred significantly more in functional schizophrenia. The global outcome was worse in epileptic schizophrenia and there was also evidence of significantly worse performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination by the same group.
Schizophrenia: recency theory and syphilis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Unilateral auditory hallucinations.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Calcium and extrapyramidal symptoms.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Hyponatraemia and lofepramine.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.