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Biomedical subjects

F Omata

Publications and source records attributed to F Omata.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The expression of IL-12 p40 and its homologue, Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3, in inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: It has recently been suggested that Crohn's Disease (CD) is associated with an exaggerated T helper 1 cytokine response as manifest by increased production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) encodes a 34-kDa glycoprotein that is 27% identical to the p40 unit of IL-12 and has recently been reported to be up-regulated in ulcerative colitis (UC). AIM: To determine whether mucosal expression of IL-12 p40 or EBI3 correlates with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PATIENTS/METHODS: mRNA expression in colonic mucosa from patients with UC, Crohn's disease (CD) and non-IBD controls was measured by reverse-transcribed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: EBI3 was significantly increased in both involved and uninvolved colonic mucosa in patients with UC. Although IL-12 p40 was increased in some patients with CD relative to non-IBD controls, the increase was not statistically significant. However, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) use was significantly correlated with reduced IL-12 p40 levels in the patients with CD, but not in UC cases. A similar reduction was not seen in 5-ASA-treated UC patients. CONCLUSION: IL-12 p40 expression in CD is heterogeneous. In contrast, expression of the IL-12 p40 homologue, EBI3, is up-regulated in nearly all UC cases and in a subset of CD.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

An interleukin 12-related cytokine is up-regulated in ulcerative colitis but not in Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric, macrophage-derived cytokine that is elevated in Crohn's disease (CD). Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) is a recently characterized human glycoprotein that is homologous to the 40-kilodalton chain of IL-12 and forms a heterodimer with the 35-kilodalton chain of IL-12. We investigated the expression of EBI3 in colonic mucosa of normal control subjects, patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and patients with CD. METHODS: Colonic tissue was analyzed for messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and for protein expression by immunohistology and Western blotting. RESULTS: EBI3 mRNA was present in intestinal biopsy specimens from healthy subjects and patients with CD but was elevated only in active UC. EBI3 levels in UC specimens correlated with histological scores of activity and T-cell infiltration. EBI3-positive cells that had a shape consistent with that of macrophages were identified in the lamina propria, and protein was detected by Western blotting. CONCLUSIONS: EBI3 is a novel IL-12-related cytokine that is expressed by macrophage-like cells in normal intestine and CD and has enhanced expression in active UC but not in active CD.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1998

A combination therapy with simvastatin and ursodeoxycholic acid is more effective for cholesterol gallstone dissolution than is ursodeoxycholic acid monotherapy.

Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy,3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase have been reported to decrease the cholesterol saturation index (CSI) in duodenal bile in humans and to prevent formation of cholesterol gallstones in animal studies. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the role of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors as gallstone-dissolving agents. Fifty patients with radiolucent gallstones in a gallbladder opacifying at drip infusion cholecystography were treated with either 10 mg/day simvastatin plus 600 mg/day ursodeoxycholic acid (group 1, n=26) or 600 mg/day ursodeoxycholic acid alone (group 2, n=24) for 12 months. The ratio of solitary to multiple gallstone cases was 21:29. Plasma lipid levels were assessed and ultrasonographic examination of the gallbladder was performed at baseline and at 3-month intervals during treatment. Duodenal bile sampling was performed in five patients in each group at baseline and after 12 months of treatment. Plasma cholesterol decreased significantly in group 1 but not in group 2. In solitary gallstone cases, no significant difference in dissolution rates was observed between groups 1 (3 of 9, 33%) and 2 (4 of 12, 33%). In contrast, the dissolution rate in multiple gallstone cases was significantly higher in group 1 (12 of 17, 71%) than in group 2 (3 of 12, 25%) (p < 0.01). Bile cholesterol saturation index was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) but did not significantly differ between the two groups. These results suggest that combination therapy with simvastatin and ursodeoxycholic acid is more effective for cholesterol gallstone dissolution than ursodeoxycholic acid monotherapy in patients with multiple gallstones.

Bile↗
PubMed1996

[Alcoholism].

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Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic↗
PubMed1994

Fulminant hepatitis following bone marrow transplantation in hepatitis B virus carrier siblings.

A 19-year-old male healthy hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier developed fulminant hepatitis following allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from his brother, who was also a healthy HBV carrier, during the first complete remission of acute myelogenic leukemia (M1, FAB classification). Serum markers related to both HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were elevated during active liver injury when a point mutation in the precore (pre-C) region occurred in the HBV. The patient received low-dose interferon alpha (IFN-alpha), while the dose of cyclosporin A was tapered; the patient eventually recovered from the liver injury. Fulminant hepatitis due to HBV and/or HCV following BMT is rare, and it is considered to have a very poor prognosis. The rationale for the use of low-dose IFN-alpha with cyclosporin A (CyA) is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Crohn's disease associated with pancreatitis of unknown etiology: a case report.

Pancreatitis is generally regarded to be an extra-intestinal complication of Crohn's disease unless the duodenum is directly involved. Some reports in the recent literature, however, suggested a possible association of pancreatitis with Crohn's disease. In this report, we describe a 25-year-old male with Crohn's disease and pancreatitis, the etiology of which was uncertain. The pancreatitis resolved along with the clinical improvement in Crohn's disease. This case supports the concept of an association between Crohn's disease and pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase in various hematological diseases.

We measured superoxide scavenging activity (SSA) of erythrocytes with the recently developed chemiluminescence method by Nakano et al in Down syndrome and various hematological diseases. Hematological disorders were aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, multiple myeloma, malignant lymphoma and chronic myelogenous leukemia. The SSA of erythrocytes was 1.7 times higher in Down syndrome, which was consistent with values reported in the previous publications. The erythrocyte SSA in patients of multiple myeloma treated with interferon-alpha was higher than that in healthy volunteers. The erythrocyte SSA in myelodysplastic syndrome, malignant lymphoma and chronic myelogenous leukemia did not differ from that in healthy volunteers. The mean value of erythrocyte SSA in aplastic anemia also remained within normal range. However, when an individual's hemoglobin concentration was compared with his or her own erythrocyte SSA, there was a clear correlation between them. Namely erythrocyte SSA increased when anemia was severe. There was no correlation between erythrocyte SOD activity and ageing.

Down Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

A case of IgA nephropathy associated with adeno- and herpes simplex viruses.

We report here an adult case of IgA nephropathy associated with episodes of recurrent tonsillitis. Various kinds of viral antigens were examined in the renal and tonsillar tissues by immunofluorescence. Granular depositions of adeno- and herpes simplex viral antigens were detected in the glomerular mesangial areas and in the tonsillar epithelial cells by immunofluorescence. IgA and IgA1 deposits were also observed in the glomerular mesangial areas. It was suggested that IgA nephropathy might be caused by multiple antigenic substances, including adeno- and/or herpes simplex viruses, located in the tonsillar regions.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factor V deficiency in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Factor V deficiency associated with rheumatoid arthritis was found in a 54-year-old woman. Hereditary factor V deficiency is very rare; only about 150 cases have been reported since its discovery in 1943. This appears to be the first case report of factor V deficiency associated with rheumatoid arthritis in the literature.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗