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Biomedical subjects

F Ogushi

Publications and source records attributed to F Ogushi.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Enzyme immunoassay of thromboxane B2.

An immunoassay for thromboxane B2 was developed in which the hapten molecule was labeled with beta-galactosidase. The immunoprecipitate formed after competition between enzyme-labeled and unlabeled thromboxane B2 was subjected to a fluorometric assay of beta-galactosidase. Thromboxane B2 was detectable in the range of 0.1-30 pmol. Both enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay showed essentially the same cross-reactivities with other prostaglandins and their metabolites when the same antibody was used. Known amounts of thromboxane B2 were added to human plasma, and the sample was applied to an octadecyl silica column. The extract was analyzed by enzyme immunoassay to examine the correlation between the added (x) and measured (y) thromboxane B2 (y = 1.09x + 11.07 pmol/ml, r = 0.99). A satisfactory correlation was observed between radioimmunoassay (x) and enzyme immunoassay (y) (y = 0.92x + 4.64 pmol/ml, r = 0.96). The validity of enzyme immunoassay was also confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of a dimethylisopropylsilyl ether derivative of thromboxane B2 methyl ester. The method was applicable to the assay of thromboxane B2 produced from endogenous precursor during thrombin-induced aggregation of human platelets.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1982

In vitro generation of tumoricidal properties in human alveolar macrophages following interaction with endotoxin.

Human alveolar macrophages (AM) obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy nonsmoking donors exhibited primarily low levels of cytolytic activity against allogeneic tumor target cells. These AM acquired enhanced capacity to kill tumor cells following a 24-hr incubation in vitro with endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]. Maximal tumoricidal activity of LPS-activated AM as measured by lysis of tumor target cells was obtained after incubation with tumor cells for 72 hr. LPS-activated AM lysed allogeneic tumor cell lines of different origins but did not affect normal, nonneoplastic cells. We conclude that LPS induces human AM to become tumoricidal. This method should be useful in studies on therapeutic agents enhancing AM-mediated cytotoxicity in situ.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered specificities of genetically engineered alpha 1 antitrypsin variants.

Seven active site variants of human alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) were produced in Escherichia coli following site-specific mutagenesis of the alpha 1AT complementary DNA. alpha 1AT (Ala358), alpha 1AT (Ile358) and alpha 1AT (Val358) were efficient inhibitors of both neutrophil and pancreatic elastases, but not of cathepsin G. alpha 1AT (Ala356, Val358) and alpha 1AT (Phe358) specifically inhibited pancreatic elastase and cathepsin G respectively. The most potent inhibitor of neutrophil elastase was alpha 1AT (Leu358), which also proved to be effective against cathepsin G. The alpha 1AT (Arg358) variant inactivated thrombin with kinetics similar to antithrombin III in the presence of heparin. Electrophoretic analysis showed that SDS-stable high mol. wt complexes were formed between the mutant inhibitors and the cognate proteases in each case. These data indicate that effective inhibition occurs when the alpha 1AT P1 residue (position 358) corresponds to the primary specificity of the target protease. Moreover, alteration of the P3 residue (position 356) can further modify the reactivity of the inhibitor. Two of the variants have therapeutic potential: alpha 1AT (Leu358) may be more useful than plasma alpha 1AT in the treatment of destructive lung disorders and alpha 1AT (Arg358) could be effective in the control of thrombosis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibroblast growth-stimulating activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Increased fibroblast growth-stimulating activity (FGA) was found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from sarcoidosis patients. For evaluation of the significance of FGA in disease activity and the pathophysiology of sarcoidosis, the FGA levels were compared with data on cellular analysis of BALF, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (S-ACE) activity and chest radiograms. The FGA level was significantly higher in sarcoidosis patients with parenchymal involvement (radiological stages II and III) than in those without parenchymal involvement (radiological stage I). The FGA was positively correlated with albumin and fibronectin concentrations in BALF. However, it was not significantly correlated with the ratio of CD-4 + to CD-8 + T-lymphocytes in BALF or the S-ACE level, which are known to be useful in evaluating the disease activity of sarcoidosis. These results indicate that the diagnostic value of FGA is different from that of the lymphocyte subpopulations in BALF and S-ACE, and is useful in estimating the extent of parenchymal involvement in sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elevated level of soluble interleukin-2 receptor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from sarcoidosis patients.

Pulmonary sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder of unknown cause, characterized by an accumulation of active T lymphocytes in the lung. We measured the levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with active pulmonary sarcoidosis and normal subjects by a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Soluble IL-2R was detectable in BALF from 6 of 11 patients with sarcoidosis but in only 1 of 8 normal control subjects, the mean levels of IL-2R in BALF of the two groups being 2.8 +/- 0.9 U/ml and 0.1 +/- 0.1 U/ml, respectively (p less than 0.01). A slight correlation was found between the soluble IL-2R level and the number of CD4-positive cells. Sarcoidosis patients were classified by radiographical staging. Soluble IL-2R was not detectable in the BALF of any stage I patients, but was found in the BALF of 6 of the 7 stage II and stage III patients. These results suggest that in the clinical management of patients with sarcoidosis, measurement of soluble IL-2R in BALF is useful for evaluating the activity of the lung disease is sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytotoxic factor for fibroblasts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of bleomycin-treated rats.

The mechanisms of lung injury and fibrosis in diffuse interstitial lung diseases were studied by tests on the in vitro effect of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from bleomycin-treated rats on quiescent fibroblasts in culture. The BALF was obtained on days 2, 3, 6, 15, and 29 after intratracheal administration of bleomycin. Cytotoxic activity was detected in the BALF only on day 2. The factor responsible for the cytotoxic activity was detected in 50-70% ammonium sulfate fraction, and lost 10% of its activity after 30 min at 56 degrees C, 75% after 10 min at 80 degrees C, and all activity after 10 min at 100 degrees C. The factor was completely precipitated by 60% acetone and was not extractable with ether. In ion exchange chromatography, the factor was eluted with the main fraction of protein, and gel filtration indicated that it had a molecular weight of 60-70 kDa. Histological examination showed disappearance of the normal alveolar architecture on day 2, and pulmonary fibrosis on day 15. Thus the cytotoxic factor may be one of factors responsible for lung injury and may act as trigger for subsequent fibrosis in bleomycin-induced lung damage.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful treatment of metastatic cardiac lymphoma with complete A-V block.

Although involvement of the heart is not a rare manifestation of malignant lymphoma, most cases are diagnosed by postmortem examination. In the present article, we describe a man with metastatic cardiac lymphoma with complete A-V block successfully treated by resection of the heart tumor and sequential combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and predonisolone and radiation therapy. Combination modality resulted in complete disappearance of signs of heart failure and A-V block. Our experience indicated that early diagnosis and combination modality can obtain long survival in case of metastatic cardiac lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case with small cell carcinoma of the esophagus: measurement of tumor markers, including pro-gastrin-releasing peptide.

Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare clinical entity and the accumulation of information is necessary to clarify its clinical behavior. We report a 69-year-old Japanese man with this rare disease with systemic metastases, including liver, bone and lymphnodes. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy consisting of 300 mg/m2 of carboplatin on day 1, and 80 mg/m2 of etoposide on days 1, 2 and 3. Although transient relief of subjective symptoms was obtained, the disease showed systemic progress, and the patient died on day 25 of chemotherapy. During the clinical course of the disease, serum pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) decreased upon systemic chemotherapy from elevated level (54.6 pg/ml) to normal range (19.2 pg/ml). Further study is warranted to examine whether measurement of serum proGRP may yield valuable information on the diagnosis and monitoring activities of esophageal small cell carcinoma.

Aged↗