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Biomedical subjects

F Ntanios

Publications and source records attributed to F Ntanios.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Long-term compliance and changes in plasma lipids, plant sterols and carotenoids in children and parents with FH consuming plant sterol ester-enriched spread.

OBJECTIVE: To study the compliance and changes in plasma lipids, plant sterols, fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in children and parents with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) consuming a plant sterol ester-enriched (PSE) spread. DESIGN: A 26-week open-label follow-up of children who had previously been studied in a controlled cross-over design. The parents were also included in the open-label arm of the study. SETTING: Outpatient clinic for treatment of hyperlipidemia. SUBJECTS: A total of 37 children (7-13 y) and 20 parents (32-51 y) diagnosed with 'definite' or 'possible' heterozygous FH. In all, 19 of the parents, but no children, used statins. All were patients at the Lipid Clinic, National Hospital in Oslo. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were recommended to eat 20 g/day of PSE spread as part of their lipid-lowering diet. RESULTS: The mean intake of PSE spread was 13.7 and 16.5 g/days in the children and parents, respectively, corresponding to 1.2 and 1.5 g of plant sterols. Plasma total cholesterol decreased by 9.1% in both children (P<0.001) and parents (P=0.002). The corresponding decreases in LDL cholesterol were 11.4% (P<0.001) and 11.0% (P=0.012). Increases in serum lathosterol, campesterol and sitosterol, adjusted for total cholesterol, were observed in the children (31, 96, 48%, respectively, P<0.001) at the end of the controlled cross-over period. In the parents, serum campesterol and sitosterol, adjusted for total cholesterol, increased by 92 and 39%, respectively (P< 0.001). Lipid-adjusted serum alpha- and beta-carotene decreased by 17.4% (P=0.008) and 10.9% (P=0.018), respectively, in the children at the end of the controlled PSE period, but increased again during the follow-up. In the parents, serum alpha- and beta-carotene concentrations were unchanged, while serum lutein and lycopene decreased by 7.3% (P=0.037) and 14.6% (P=0.044), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Sustained efficacy of cholesterol reduction and long-term compliance of PSE intake were demonstrated in this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

omega-3 fatty acids decrease endothelial adhesion of human colorectal carcinoma cells.

BACKGROUND: Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to decrease both the initiation and promotion of colon carcinogenesis although their effect on hepatic metastasis formation is less well understood. Since adhesion of human colorectal carcinoma (HCRC) cells to hepatic endothelial cells is an important step in the metastatic cascade, the effect of membrane omega-3 fatty acid alterations on endothelial cell adhesion was studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CX-1 cells, a moderately differentiated HCRC cell line known to produce hepatic metastases in an athymic mouse intrasplenic injection model, were used. Cells were grown in omega-3 fatty acid-enriched medium and membrane-free fatty acid modifications confirmed with gas chromatography. Both human umbilical vein and hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells were used in the binding assays. Adhesion assays were performed in a standard fashion using (51)Cr-labeled cells to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-stimulated endothelial cell monolayers. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for sialyl-Lewis(x), the receptor involved in endothelial adhesion on the surface of control and fatty acid-modified cells. RESULTS: Gas chromatographic analysis confirmed membrane fatty acid modification of CX-1 cells by growth in docosahexanoic acid (omega-3) (4.761 nmol/10(6) cells vs 0.057 nmol/10(6) cells for controls). Binding of CX-1 to both human umbilical vein and hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells decreased from 38.4 +/- 0.44 to 11.58 +/- 0.87% (P < 0.01). Immunocytochemical analysis showed a decrease in sialyl-Lewis(x) expression with omega-3 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that omega-3 fatty acids may also be protective against the formation of hepatic metastases. The mechanism for this may be decreased endothelial cell adhesion which in turn may be due to decreased expression of the endothelial receptor sialyl-Lewis(x).

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Comparable efficacy of hydrogenated versus nonhydrogenated plant sterol esters on circulating cholesterol levels in humans.

A recent study in The Netherlands compared the effects of margarine enriched with different vegetable oil sterols with margarine containing sitostanol-ester on plasma total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Margarine with sterolesters from soybean oil (mainly esters from sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol) was as effective as a margarine with sitostanol-ester in lowering blood total and LDL cholesterol levels without affecting HDL cholesterol levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Dietary phytosterols as cholesterol-lowering agents in humans.

Phytosterols (plant sterols), abundant in fat-soluble fractions of plants, are consumed at levels of 200-400 mg/day in Western diets. Chemically resembling cholesterol, phytosterols inhibit the absorption of cholesterol. Phytosterol consumption in human subjects under a wide range of study conditions has been shown to reduce plasma total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels; however, the response varies widely. Greater cholesterol-lowering efficacy occurs with consumption of the saturated phytosterol sitostanol versus sitosterol or campesterol. Most studies report no effect of phytosterol administration in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or triglyceride levels, although certain evidence exists for an HDL cholesterol raising effect of sitostanol. Phytosterol absorption is limited, although serum phytosterol levels have proven to be important indicators of both cholesterol absorption and synthesis. Serum phytosterols correlate with HDL cholesterol level. In addition, higher phytosterol/cholesterol ratios appear in HDL versus LDL particles, suggesting the existence of an intrinsic phytosterol action, in addition to the extrinsic effect on cholesterol absorption. In conclusion, addition to diet of the phytosterol sitostanol represents an effective means of improving circulating lipid profiles to reduce risk of coronary heart disease.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗