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Biomedical subjects

F N Ghadially

Publications and source records attributed to F N Ghadially.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Comparative ultrastructural morphology of aurosomes produced by colloidal gold and soluble gold salts.

Intra-articular administration of colloidal gold produced aurosomes which contained spherical electron-dense granules and also often some very fine electron-dense particles. Intra-articular administration of aurothioglucose produced aurosomes of a morphology similar to that reported to occur after administration of sodium aurothiomalate. These aurosomes produced by soluble gold salts are characterised by particle and granule-studded membranous formations which present in profile as rod-like and curled filamentous structures. On the basis of morphological differences two types of aurosomes should be recognised, the "Type I or granular aurosome" and the "Type II or membranous aurosome".

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructure of cell surface abnormalities in neoplastic histiocytes.

In an ultrastructural study by transmission and scanning electron microscopy of two cases of malignant histiocytosis and a case of leukaemic reticulum-cell sarcoma, unusual blisters, blebs and worm-like processes were detected on the cell surfaces. The blisters (containing clear fluid) appear to develop by a single-membrane-bound vacuole approaching the cell membrane, and acquiring another membrane on discharging from the cell. The blebs (containing cytoplasm) appear to correspond to the already described phenomenon of zeiosis. The term "vermipodia" is given to the worm-like processes. The underlying factors responsible for these phenomena is not clear, but the exocytosis of the clear blisters resembled that of leukaemic blasts exposed to the action of vinca alkaloids. As two of the cases were being treated with vincristine, it may be that a drug action is implicated. However, it is also possible that these changes may be the morphological expression of some of the changes in the cell surface membrane that occur in malignant transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Humps on young human and rabbit articular cartilage.

Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed numerous humps on the surface or articular cartilage from a 7 years old boy and from 1 month old rabbits. This shows that the surface topography of articular cartilage in young individuals is different from that of older individuals (human and rabbit) where the surface is beset by numerous pits. In 2 months old rabbits an intermediate situation was witnessed, for both shallow pits and occasional humps were present. Ridges and undulations were not seen on the articular surface of the 7 years old boy, except near the cut edge of the specimen. They were, however, found on air-dried specimens of 1 month old rabbit cartilage, but were absent from specimens dried by the critical-point method. The collective evidence supports the idea that ridges and undulations are not a constant feature of the normal articular surface, but that such features are artefactual, a typical or pathological.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The surface of dog articular cartilage: a scanning electron microscope study.

The surface of dog articular cartilage attached to subchondral bone shows many humps on its surface when examined with the scanning electron microscope. The situation here contrasts with that in man and rabbit where large numbers of pits are seen of the surface. Such species variations cast doubts on the idea that pits and humps play a vital role in joint mechanics and lubrication. Ridges and undulations were not found in normal dog cartilage attached to bone, but complex systems of ridges did develop when the cartilage was cut or detached from bone.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Electron probe X-ray analysis of an intraocular foreign body.

We describe a simple and rapid method of electron probe x-ray analysis on a foreign body removed from the eye. We demonstrated the presence of copper in an intraocular foreign body which has originated from a blank 0.22 calibre cartridge. Sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sulpher and chlorine were also detected. It seems likely that these elements were derived from the biological milieu in which the intraocular foreign body had rested for some 2 years and 9 months.

Accidents↗
PubMed1976

Electron probe x-ray analysis of siderosomes in the rabbit haemarthrotic synovial membrane.

Electron probe x-ray analysis of siderosomes produced in the rabbit synovial membrane by repeated injections of autologous blood revealed two kinds of siderosomes; (1) those containing a small amount of phosphorus and, (2) those in which no phosphorus was detectable. On the basis of these findings and past studies it is concluded that haemosiderin is an inorganic compound of iron, probably a hydrated ferric oxide and that a variable amount of organic material (proteins, lipids, phospholipids, etc.,) probably occurs in company with the haemosiderin in the siderosome, but these variable components which decrease in amount with the passage of time cannot be considered as an integral part of haemosiderin.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Vermipodia - a new type of cell process.

A new kind of cell process is described in leukemic cells in two cases of histiocytic malignancies. They were evident both with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. As they have a tubular, worm like appearance, the name vermipodia has been given to them.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructural and x-ray analytical studies on intranuclear bismuth inclusions.

Parenteral administration of bismuth subnitrate produced intranuclear inclusions in the rabbit kidney tubules. In glutaraldehyde fixed material these inclusions had a homogeneous appearance but in osmicated material some of these inclusions showed a granular and fibrillar substructure. In relatively thick unstained sections prepared from unosmicated tissues, it was found that the inclusions were electron-dense, but they vanished from view when the electron beam was focussed on them. This phenomenon is thought to be due to the presence of bismuth, which is a mental with a high electrical resistance and low thermal conductivity. With the aid of electron-probe analysis the presence of bismuth was demonstrated in these inclusions and it seems possible that sulphur may be present here.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Evolution of aurosomes in rabbit synovial membrane.

Intra-articular injection of sodium aurothiomalate (Myochrysine) into rabbit knee joints produced lysomes (aurosomes) of a characteristic morphology in synovial intimal cells and subsynovial macrophages. Such lysosomes are distinct and different from other lysosomes and those seen after injection of sodium thiomalate. A study of the morphological events that occur after injection of gold salt shows that at first the aurosome contains electrondense granules but later membranous formations (myelinoid membranes) presenting as rod-like and curled structures develop. With electron probe x-ray analysis, gold, phosphorus, and traces of calcium were detected in the aurosome.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Aurosome formation in articular tissues after parenteral administration of gold.

Intramuscular injection of sodium aurothiomalate (Myochrysine) produced lysosomes (aurosomes) of a characteristic morphology distinct and different from other lysosomes. The aurosome is characterised by particle and granulestudded electron-dense membranous formations which present as rod-like and curled structures. Intramuscularly injected sodium aurothiomalate in immature rabbits leads to the production of aurosomes in the articular cartilage chondrocytes and synovial intimal cells and subsynovial macrophages. In mature rabbits aurosomes develop only in the synovial intimal cells and subsynovial macrophages, but not in the chondrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of the haemophilic synovial membrane and electron-probe X-ray analysis of haemosiderin.

An ultrastructural study of the haemophilic synovial membrane revealed the presence of solitary siderosomes, compound siderosomes and a peppering of the cell cytoplasm with electron-dense particles. These changes were found in synovial intimal cells, subsynovial macrophages and fibroblasts. Electron-probe X-ray analysis of siderosomes revealed the presence of iron and traces of phosphorus. On the basis of previous and present studies it is postulated that haemosiderin is essentially a condensate of hydrated ferric oxide and that a variable amount of phospholipid material lies in company with it in the siderosome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructural changes produced in rheumatoid synovial membrane by chrysotherapy.

Biopsies of rheumatoid synovial membrane before and after chrysotherapy were examined with the light and electron microscopes, and subjected to electronprobe x-ray analysis. The main change noted was the occurrence of electron-dense deposits of characteristic morphology within pre-existing lysosomes. Such deposits were also seen in other varieties of lysosomal bodies. X-ray analysis showed the presence of gold, phosphorus, osmium, and calcium in these deposits. The present study shows that gold enters the pre-existing lysosomes, supporting the concept that the beneficial effects of chrysotherapy are due to its action on the lysosome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Experimental production of ridges on rabbit articular cartilage: a scanning electron microscope study.

The surface of normal rabbit articular cartilage attached to subchondral bone has a pitted appearance when examined with the scanning electron microsope. It is thought that these pits are similar to those seen in human cartilage and that they reflect the presence of underlying chondrocytes and lacunae, shrunken by preparative procedures. Ridges or undulations were not seen on the normal articular surface with the scanning electron microscope but complex systems of coarse and fine ridges were produced when cartilage was damaged by cutting, by making a hole in it or by detaching it from subchondral bone. Humps or mound-like elevations also developed in some instances when cartilage was damaged by cutting or by making a hole in its substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Chloramphenicol-induced mitochondrial and ultrastructural changes in hemopoietic cells.

Bone marrow from a patient with bilateral staphylococcal bronchopneumonia who was treated with large doses of chloramphenicol was examined with the electron microscope. Our study supports the currently accepted concept that this drug depresses protein synthesis in mitochondria as it does in bacteria, since numerous alterations of mitochondrial morphology were encountered. These include (1) swollen mitochondria; (2) mitochondria with ruptured envelope; (3) mitochondria with longitudinally oriented cristae; (4) "ring" mitochondria; and (5) mitochondria with intramatrical iron deposits. The electron microscopical study discloses that the well documented vacuoles seen in marrow cells on light microscopy after treatment with this drug represent lipid droplets.

Child↗
PubMed1976

Nuclear fibrous lamina in the rheumatoid synovium.

Biopsy specimens of synovial membrane were obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and from patients with nonrheumatoid conditions. Comparison of the mean thickness of the lamina in the rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid groups showed a statistically significant thickening of the lamina in the rheumatoid group (rho less than .01). There was no statistically significant difference in the thickness of the lamina before and after chrysotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Evidence of cartilage flow in deep defects in articular cartilage.

Full thickness defects (core defects) violating subchondral bone were created in the weight-bearing area of articular cartilage lining the rabbit medial femoral condyle. The repair reaction that follows has two components: (1) a sliding and flowing of cartilage over the edge of the defect and (2) a filling of the defect by repair tissue arising from the marrow spaces. Past studies have paid little or no attention to cartilage flow but this first scanning electron microscopic study of deep defects shows that it is an important phenomenon which materially affects the changes that occur and also the outcome of such injuries. Briefly, we have found that in most cases the cartilage flows downwards into the core defect. The repair tissue then grows along and over the "toed-in" catilage. In other cases the flowing cartilage rides over the repair tissue from the marrow spaces and as a result of load bearing and joint movement, becomes frayed and drawn out into long ribbons and rope-like structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Ultrastructure of acute myeloid leukemia arising in multiple myeloma.

Bone marrow from a case of multiple myeloma in which acute myeloid leukemia supervened four years after diagnosis was examined with the electron microscope. Two distinct populations of neoplastic cells, one plasmacytoid and the other myeloid, were identified in the marrow. It is concluded that the acute leukemia that developed in this patient was a distinctly new neoplasm arising from the myeloid series of cells. Since in nearly all previously reported cases, and in our patient, alkylating agents had been administered, it is thought that this may have been a factor in the development of acute myeloid leukemia.

Aged↗