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Biomedical subjects

F Mornex

Publications and source records attributed to F Mornex.

122 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality of medical records in oncology: results of an audit of the Lyon Civil Hospices].

The objective of this study was to assess the quality of information contained in the medical files of patients in an oncology unit of the Lyons Civil Hospices. Prior to the audit, the health care teams established a set of consensus standards to compare with observed procedures. The analysis of the results led to propositions for guidelines designed to improve points where significant deviations were observed. In the first audit, 80 medical files from patients cared for in four oncology units were retrospectively analysed to determine information quality. Seven items of this audit were retained for a second audit on 127 medical files of patients in a cancerology unit; those items were: postal code of birth place, weight, codified evaluation of general status, TNM classification, pTNM classification, presence of pathology report, localisation of metastasis. Significant deviations were observed for pTNM classification and postal code of birth. During the second audit, a manual of procedures was distributed in the unit, and a new evaluation will be done in one year to assess the impact of guidelines.

France↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluating radiotherapy patients' need for information: a study using a patient information booklet] .

The French Radiotherapy-Oncology Society (SFRO) and the National Trade of Radiotherapists-Oncologists (SNRO) elaborated and published a patient information booklet on radiotherapy, in 1999. This present study appraises the pertinence of the form and substance of this booklet one year after its release. Eight radiotherapy centers participated in this research which evaluated 162 patients at treatment initiation. The conclusions of this study demonstrated the importance of clearly informing patients of their disease, treatment, and the secondary effects of treatment. It is essential to emphasize that 97% of the patients declared that an information booklet is a real necessity, and that the one provided by the SFRO responds to the majority of their concerns. Obtaining technical and practical knowledge resulted in a reassurance about their treatment. The most revealing result is that 87% requested direct communication about their illness, and that cancer be named by this word and not other, evasive terms. Seventy-two percent of the patients requested more information about their cancer, different treatment options, and quality of life issues in an attempt to psychologically prepare themselves to face an illness for which they have little control. Patients refuse to be passive, and claim the right to become 'partners' of the medical teams, concerning their treatment and recovery.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Conformal radiotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer].

About one third of lung cancers initially present with a localised disease, without any curative surgery potential, because of local spread or comorbidity. Definitive radiation, alone or combined with chemotherapy, then represents the treatment of choice for these patients. The results, however, are disappointing, with a biopsy-proven local control of 10% at two years and a 5-10% five-year survival rate. These poor results may be partially explained by the difficulties in delineating the tumour volume as well as the dose limitations due to poor tolerance of surrounding normal organs. Lung parenchyma sequelae remain daily worrying events for the oncologist. The advent of 3D conformal radiation therapy (3DRT) allows progress and innovations, including the use of modern imaging techniques, sophisticated dosimetry and treatment planning, efficient immobilisation devices and on-line verification procedures. With more precise (and time-consuming) procedures, 3DRT will allow a better tumour volume delineation, an increased tumour dose and a dose limitation in normal tissues. These improvements may help increase local control and survival results. 3DRT, which has been used for several years for prostate cancer and benefits from recent imaging improvements, will now allow treatment of other locations, such as lung cancer, with conformal therapy. The few preliminary results are encouraging. This work reviews the current data and remaining questions regarding lung cancer treated with 3DRT, and presents and discusses the literature before discussing future trends in this area.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Limitations and perspectives of postoperative radiotherapy in bronchial cancer].

The role of postoperative irradiation for lung cancer remains a controversial issue. The available data suggest a reduction in local relapse in cases of positive mediastinal lymph node, but how this benefit translates into survival is not known. The current indications include tumors with positive mediastinal lymph node and incomplete resection with micro- or macroscopical residue. Nevertheless, postoperative irradiation requires a meticulous technique to avoid inducing life-threatening complications to vital organs such as the heart or the lung.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiotherapy for non-small-cell bronchial cancers: definitions of volumes, patient selection. Recommendations of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC)].

Chemoradiation is the standard treatment of unresectable, locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, with a mean dose of 60-66 Gy, excluding escalation dose schemes. The standard treated volume includes primary tumor, ipsilateral hilar and mediastinal nodes, supraclavicular and contralateral nodes as well, regardless of the node status. This work tries to answer the question of the optimal volume to be treated. Drainage routes analysis is in favor of large volumes, while toxicity analysis favors small volumes. Combined modality treatment may increase the observed toxicity. The optimal volume definition is difficult, and requires available conformal therapy tools. Patients selection is another important issue. A volume definition is then attempted, based on the IASLC (International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer) Annecy workshop experience, highlighting the interobservers discrepancies, and suggests basic recommendations to harmonize volume definition.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sensitivity to etoposide of human malignant glioma cell lines. Mechanisms of action].

AIM OF THE STUDY: Etoposide, a Topoisomerase II inhibitor agent, is currently being explored as a therapeutic agent for brain tumors. The aim of this experimental study was to compare the in vitro etoposide sensitivity of human glioma cells vs human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve human cell lines (six malignant glioma cell lines and six head and neck SCC cell lines) were used for this comparative study. A standard colony formation assay was used to assess cell survival. Since Topoisomerase II is the critical target for etoposide, it was of interest to determine Topoisomerase II activity and etoposide induced inhibition of Topoisomerase II activity for the glioma cells vs the SCC cells. RESULTS: Except for etoposide-induced inhibition of Topoisomerase II activity, no difference was found for etoposide sensitivity and Topoisomerase II activity between the both type of cells. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the Topoisomerase II reactive agents may prove to be clinically a useful drug for patients presenting with malignant gliomas.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and the trunk by conservative surgery and postoperative irradiation. Apropos of a series of 96 patients].

AIM OF STUDY: Retrospective study of a series of 96 patients presenting with soft tissues sarcoma. Homogeneous treatment between 1980-1992 with conservative surgery and post operative irradiation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Median age of the 96 patients was 58 years. Tumor site was: upper limb 20, lower limb 46, trunk 30. In 35 cases largest diameter of the tumor was 5 cm or less (T1). All patients were M0. The most frequent pathological sub type was: malignant histiocytofibroma 28, liposarcoma 28. A gross complete surgery was performed in 89 cases. Radiotherapy was performed with cobalt or x 18 MV photons. The dose delivered was 50 Gy with a boost of 10 Gy. No adjuvant chemotherapy was given. RESULTS: Mean follow up was 68 months. Local relapse was seen in 19 patients, six were salvaged by surgery, a limb amputation rates were necessary in 4 cases. The 5 and 10 year-overall survival was 70% and 64%. There was no severe radiation toxicity requiring surgery. A good function of the limb was preserved in all cases. CONCLUSION: These results are in agreement with those of the literature and justify a conservative approach for these soft tissues sarcomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of an intracerebral glioma model in whole body irradiated hairless rats.

AIMS: To study the in vivo radiosensitivity of malignant gliomas, an animal glioma model was developed using the implantation of glioma cell lines into the brain of the Hairless rat (a mutant from the Sprague-Dawley strain, characterised by its complete absence of hair). METHODS: 10(6) malignant cells were suspended in 10 microliters phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and injected at a 4 microns depth into the left frontal lobe of an anaesthetised animal through a small craniotomy hole without opening the dura mater. The glioma cell line C6 (obtained from a chemically-induced rat glioblastoma) was introduced into 11 animals, and the human glioblastoma line G5 into 12 animals. RESULTS: The tumour take was checked using histological criteria. It was poor: 0% for the G5 line and only 27.3% for the C6 line. To improve the tumour growth rate, rats were subjected to a single dose (3.5 Gray) total body irradiation, 24 hours prior to injection, causing a marked immunosuppression. 84.6% of the rats grafted with the C6 line then produced tumours. Similar results (75% tumour take) were obtained using a stereotactic inoculation of the tumour cells. CONCLUSIONS: Thanks to the contribution of whole body irradiation, an animal intracerebral glioma model was establish, which can be used for clinical and biological studies.

Animals↗