Interaction of thiokynurenates with the glycine site regulating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in rat cortical membranes.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
F Mori
Publications and source records attributed to F Mori.
Branch retinal vein occlusion in a Japanese patient with neurofibromatosis 1.
BACKGROUND: To report an Asian patient with branch retinal vein occlusion secondary to neurofibromatosis 1. CASE: A 64-year-old woman presented with a loss of vision in her right eye of 9-month duration. A diagnosis of neurofibromatosis 1 was made. A general medical examination showed no abnormalities except the signs of neurofibromatosis 1. OBSERVATIONS: Fundus examination of the right eye revealed irregularities of the venous caliber, partial sheathing of the corresponding vein and macular edema. Multiple dilated and tortuous collateral channels and an arteriovenous communication bridged the perfused and nonperfused retina. Fundus examination of the left eye showed a tortuous vein in the temporal region of the fovea. Fluorescein angiography of the right eye confirmed delayed filling in a superotemporal artery and in the corresponding vein. The temporal region of the fovea had large areas of capillary loss. The collaterals were tortuous and mimicked a neovascularization. Fluorescein angiography of the left eye confirmed that the vein in the temporal part of the fovea was tortuous and not leaking. A diagnosis of branch retinal vein occlusion of the superotemporal vein was made. CONCLUSIONS: Neurofibromatosis 1 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retinal vascular occlusive disease without other risk factors.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
Misreading of DNA templates containing 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine at the modified base and at adjacent residues.
It has been shown previously that deoxyguanosine residues in DNA are hydroxylated at the C-8 position both in vitro and in vivo to produce 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) by various agents that produce oxygen radicals such as reducing reagents-O2, metal ions-O2, polyphenol-H2O2-Fe3+, asbestos-H2O2 or ionizing radiation. These agents are mostly either mutagenic or carcinogenic; therefore, the formation of 8-OH-dG can also be considered a likely cause of mutation or carcinogenesis by oxygen radicals. It is of interest to know whether the 8-OH-dG residue in DNA is misread during DNA replication. To answer this question, we have examined the effect of the 8-OH-dG residue in DNA on the fidelity of DNA replication using a DNA synthesis system in vitro with Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment). The synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides, with or without an 8-OH-dG residue in a specified position, were chemically synthesized and used as templates for DNA synthesis under the conditions of the dideoxy chain termination sequencing method. Surprisingly, in addition to misreading of the 8-OH-dG residue itself, pyrimidines next to the 8-OH-dG residue (G has not yet been tested) were also misread.
8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine↗
Interferon-gamma induces retinoic acid-inducible gene-I in endothelial cells.
Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induces expression of multiple genes in endothelial cells. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) encodes a protein belonging to the DExH-box family, but details of its physiological function are not clear. RIG-I is induced in leukemia cells by retinoic acid and in endothelial cells by lipopolysaccharide. In the present study, the authors found that IFN-gamma also induces the expression of RIG-I in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Induction of RIG-I mRNA by IFN-gamma was not altered by the treatment with cycloheximide or interleukin-4. Fluorescent immunostaining and Western blot analysis revealed cytoplasmic distribution of RIG-I. The in situ endothelium in a normal lung tissue was also found to express RIG-I protein. Although the physiological function of RIG-I is still unknown, induction of RIG-I by IFN-gamma may play an important role in inflammatory or immunological reactions in endothelial cells.
Cell Line↗
Double-stranded RNA induces the synthesis of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I in vascular endothelial cells.
Viral infection induces various responses in vascular endothelial cells. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly IC) is a synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and treatment of cells with poly IC mimics the viral infection to the cells. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is a protein belonging to the DExH-box family and designated as a putative RNA helicase. RIG-I is considered to play a role in antiviral responses through the regulation of gene expressions. In the present study, the authors treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with poly IC and found that poly IC induced the expression of RIG-I. The poly IC-induced RIG-I expression was inhibited by the preincubation of the cells with 2-aminopurine, an inhibitor of dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). Immunohistochemical examination revealed high levels of RIG-I immunoreactivity in vascular endothelial cells in the thalamus from rats inoculated with hantavirus. Induction of RIG-I by poly IC may be involved in the antiviral responses in endothelial cells.
Animals↗
Biphasic anaphylactic reaction to Ketorolac tromethamine.
Ketorolac tromethamine is a recent injectable non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic properties approved for short-term pain management. In spite of its increasing use both in adults and children, relatively few allergic-like reactions have been reported. Reactions are often severe, and a death occurred following an intramuscular injection of ketorolac.
Adolescent↗
High intracytoplasmatic levels of Il-4 and Il-5 in a patient with Gleichs syndrome: case report.
Gleichs syndrome is characterized by recurrent localized angioedema, hypereosinophilia, elevated levels of IgM, rapid weight gain, itchy urticaria and fever. Little is known about the pathogenesis of this disease. Increased serum levels for IL5, IL6 and C5a have been reported before and during clinical exacerbations. In order to better understand the role of the T cells in Gleichs syndrome we analyzed the intracellular cytokine expression in CD3+ cells of a patient affected by the disease. As hypereosinophilia was documented, we asked whether IL-4 and IL-5 levels were increased, and the intracytoplasmatic expression of these Th2-cytokines was determined. The percentage of T lymphocytes (CD3-gated cells) of both CD8- and CD8+ phenotype expressing different cytokines showed an unusually high percentage of Th2-related cytokine (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) expressing T lymphocytes. The two new variants (myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative) seem to account for hypereosinophilia in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). In the lymphroliferative variant, the presence of a clonal CD3-CD4+ Th2 like lymphocyte secreting IL-4 and IL-5 in peripheral blood, may explain the hypereosinophilia and the hyper-IgE. In our study we show that the patient had a lymphoproliferative variant and her T cell had a Th2 type phenotype. Moreover, we suggest that Th2 lymphocytes may play a role in the pathogenesis of Gleichs syndrome. Further studies are needed to evaluate the possibility that a polyclonal aspecific activation of Th2 type cells can lead to hypereosinophilia, IgE production and the other manifestations typical of Gleichs syndrome.
Adolescent↗
Lipid profile during pregnancy in HIV-infected women.
PURPOSE: We investigated the evolution of serum lipid levels in HIV-infected pregnant women and the potential effect of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy using data from a national surveillance study. METHOD: Fasting lipid measurements collected during routine care in pregnancy were used, analyzing longitudinal changes and differences in lipid values at each trimester by protease inhibitors (PIs) and stavudine use. Multivariate analyses were used to control for simultaneous factors potentially leading to hyperlipidemia. Study population included 248 women. RESULTS: Lipid values increased progressively and significantly during pregnancy: mean increases between the first and third trimesters were 141.6 mg/dL for triglycerides (p < .001), 60.8 mg/dL for total cholesterol (p < .001), 13.7 mg/dL for HDL cholesterol (p < .001), and 17.8 mg/dL for LDL cholesterol (p = .001). At all trimesters, women on PIs had significantly higher triglyceride values compared to women not on PIs. The effect of PIs on cholesterol levels was less consistent. Stavudine showed a dyslipidemic effect at first trimester only. Multivariate analyses confirmed these observations and suggested a potential role of other cofactors in the development of hyperlipidemia during pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The changes observed point to the need to further explore the causes and the clinical correlates of hyperlipidemia during pregnancy in women with HIV.
Adult↗
Primary intracranial solitary leptomeningeal glioma: a report of 3 cases.
Primary intracranial solitary leptomeningeal gliomas are exceedingly rare. We, therefore, performed a detailed clinical, radiological and pathological analysis to better characterize these tumors in 3 patients (33- and 72-year-old men and a 72-year-old woman). Two of the tumors were located in the frontal region and 1 in the temporal region. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well circumscribed large lesion (maximal diameter 4 - 6 cm) with peritumoral edema, mixed low- and isosignal intensity on T1-weighted images, hypersignal intensity on T2-weighted images and non-homogeneous contrast enhancement. External carotid angiography demonstrated a vascular supply to these tumors via branches of the middle meningeal artery. Gross total resection was achieved in all patients. The pathological diagnosis was glioblastoma in 2 patients and oligodendroglioma in 1. The MIB-1 nuclear labeling index ranged from 11.8% - 23.6% (mean 18.2%). Local tumor recurrence was documented in 2 patients after 8 and 11 months, respectively. The other patient with glioblastoma developed a metastasis to the femur 39 months after craniotomy. A definitive diagnosis can be made by careful radiological assessment and histopathological examination.
Adult↗
Chronological observations of Marek's disease-associated feather-pulp lesions in field chickens.
Fourteen test groups consisting of a total of 541 field chickens in six rearing farms, all of which were vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus at one day old, were investigated for chronological changes in Marek's disease (MD)-associated feather-pulp lesions (FPL) and their association with nuclear-inclusion (NI) formation in the feather-follicle epithelium (FFE) and with incidence of MD. The FPL observed were categorized into R1-type (non-tumorous lymphoid lesion), R2-type (inflammatory lesion consisting of plasma cellular infiltration, edema or collagenosis of the pulp, and germinal-center formation) and T-type (tumorous lymphoproliferative lesion). In every test group, the incidence of R1-type lesions was highest at 2-4 weeks of age, in spite of the low incidence of NI formation in the FFE. The initial R1-type lesions were generally transitory and were followed occasionally by R2-type lesions. In each test group, incidence of NI formation in the FFE peaked between 9 and 16 weeks of age. The second peak of incidence of R1-type lesions coincided with the period of peak NI formation. Subsequent skin samples revealed that the incidences of R1-, R2-, and T-type lesions in individual chickens or test groups were closely related to the incidence of NI in the FFE and to the incidence of MD.
Animals↗
Late changes in hemostatic parameters following open-heart surgery.
Changes in hemostatic parameters following open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were studied in twelve patients for two postoperative weeks. No clinical manifestations of hemostatic abnormalities were found in these patients throughout the study period. The prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were within normal limits. The platelet counts and fibrinogen levels were depleted on the first postoperative day, followed by a rapid return to above normal levels within 7 days. The fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP) showed a peak elevation on the first day, followed by a gradual decline. In 92% of the patients, the FDP levels became elevated to more than 10 micrograms/ml. Rate of the increase in FDP level was closely reflected by the amount of postoperative blood loss when the loss exceeded 10 ml/kg of body weight during 48 hours postoperatively. The levels of plasmin inhibitors (alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 2-macroglobulin) were also measured. the alpha 1 antitrypsin was elevated during the postoperative period. The alpha 2-macroglobulin showed no significant changes. In summary, the hemostatic changes following open-heart surgery included activation of the fibrinolytic system and depletion of coagulation factors immediately after surgery, followed by hypercoagulability due to a rapid return to above normal levels of coagulation factors and plasmin inhibitors. We consider, however, these changes to be part of the homeostatic response following open-heart surgery.
Adult↗
[Fractures of the distal end of the radius: arthrographic and electromyographic evaluation and long-term follow-up].
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Electromyography↗
[Surgical correction of the supinator syndrome in the sequelae of obstetrical paralysis of the arms].
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Arm↗
[Supra-intercondylar fractures of the humerus in adults].
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Adult↗
[Temporary caval filters. Our experience. Preliminary analysis of 24 cases].
The AA. utilized temporary vena cava filters (16 Filcard and 8 Lysofilters) in 24 patients affected by deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs for the prevention of primary and recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE). The diagnosis of thromboembolic disease was always achieved by means of Ultrasounds (echo-color doppler) and was punctually confirmed by a retrograde cavagram during the insertion of the device. 19 patients presented large free-floating thrombi at inferior caval, iliac or common femoral vein level whereas 5 patients presented thrombi mostly of occlusive aspect. There was clinical or scintigraphic evidence of PE in 6 of the patients enrolled. 20 patients, without contraindications, were treated by fibrinolysis (F) with Urokinase (2-10 days) whereas 4 patients underwent surgical thrombectomy (T) because of short time relation with surgical intervention or trauma. All of them were protected by temporary vena cava filters and heparinized. All the filters were removed within 10 days. The results were considered "very good" (complete regression of floating thrombi) in 16 cases (14 F + 2 T), "good" (nearly complete regression of floating thrombi) in 3 cases (2 F + 1 T) and "poor" (unchanged) in the remaining 5 cases (4 F + 1 T). We didn't observe any new case or relapse of PE in the whole group and, furtherly, in 2 cases (1 F and 1 T) we demonstrated the capture of big emboli by the filter's basket. These clots were subsequently dissolved by fibrinolysis. To achieve the diagnosis of thromboembolic disease the following methods were used: 1--Screening: echo-color doppler of lower limbs extended to iliac and inferiora cava veins for detection of DVT and echocardio-color doppler for the detection of cardiac signs of PE. 2--DIAGNOSIS: pulmonary scintigram, retrograde cavogram and, rarely, angioCT scan. 3--FOLLOW-UP: echo-color doppler of lower limbs and pulmonary scintigram. The percutaneous insertion sites were the basilic vein (Filcard) and the right jugular vein (Lysofilter). Left jugular vein was used in 1 case with a big thyroid goitre. In the present experience we had no accidents during filters introduction or removal and no thrombosis at the insertion site (1 case of phlebitis of basilic vein). Indications and effectiveness: our results seem to be favorable to the use of inferior vena cava temporary filters for primary and recurrent pulmonary embolism prevention in the cases with floating thrombi both on fibrinolysis and embolectomy. In the cases of occlusive thrombotic diseases they proved to be effective to prevent PE during surgical embolectomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
Renal resistive index and left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension: a close link.
The aim of this study was to evaluate renal Doppler resistive index in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (EH) and to correlate its changes with the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy assessed by echocardiography. Twenty-eight EH patients (19 males, 9 females, mean age 56.2 +/- 8.6 years) and 13 normotensive subjects (7 males, 6 females, mean age 57.6 +/- 7.9 years) were studied; all patients underwent a complete echocardiographic study (M-mode, two-dimensional and Doppler) and a color Doppler echography of renal and intrarenal arteries. After the renal Doppler waveform was obtained, resistive index was calculated by peak systolic velocity (S) and lowest diastolic velocity (D) with the formula S-D/S. EH patients were divided into two subgroups on the basis of left ventricular mass (LVM): Group EH1 with normal LVM (15 patients) and Group EH2 with increased LVM (13 patients). All patients evidenced normal renal morphology and function and received no therapy throughout the entire observation period. Renal resistive index was significantly higher in EH patients than in controls; however, the maximum difference was observed between normotensive subjects and the EH patients with increased LVM (p < 0.00001). At univariate analysis, significant correlations were found between renal resistive index and age, body mass index, left ventricular relative wall thickness and LVM. However, when multiple regression analysis was used, only age (p < 0.01) and LVM (p < 0.05) remained significant predictors of resistive index. In conclusion, our data show that in EH patients resistive index, which is considered an expression of arterial impedance, is well correlated with the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, presently considered the best index of the severity of hypertensive disease. This correlation may be the expression of the involvement of two target organs in hypertension.
Adult↗