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Biomedical subjects

F Moreau

Publications and source records attributed to F Moreau.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Pulmonary involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Diagnostic value of trans-bronchial biopsy (author's transl)].

Pulmonary parenchymatous involvement in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was demonstrated by trans-bronchial pulmonary biopsy using a flexible endoscope. This procedure is clearly of value in similar cases when clinical and roentgenological examinations are insufficient. The observed cases provides the opportunity for a brief chronological review of the literature. Advances in the classification of CLL, which follow the technological improvements, are described as well as their bearing on management and prognosis of this condition.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Preparation of Avocado Mitochondria Using Self-Generated Percoll Density Gradients and Changes in Buoyant Density during Ripening.

Mitochondria from avocado (Persea americana Mill, var. Fuerte and Hass) can be rapidly prepared at every stage of ripening using differential centrifugation and self-generated Percoll gradients. The procedure results in improved oxidative and phosphorylative properties, especially for mitochondria isolated from preclimacteric fruits.A gradual change in the buoyant density of avocado mitochondria takes place during ripening. Climacteric and postclimacteric avocado mitochondria have the same buoyant density as other plant mitochondria (potato, cauliflower), whereas mitochondria from preclimacteric fruit have a lower density. The transition in buoyant density occurs during the climacteric rise, and two populations of intact mitochondria (p = 1.060 and p = 1.075) can be separated at this stage. Evidence indicates that the difference in mitochondrial buoyant density between preclimacteric and postclimacteric mitochondria is likely due to interactions with soluble cytosolic components.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Malate Oxidation and Cyanide-Insensitive Respiration in Avocado Mitochondria during the Climacteric Cycle.

After preparation on self-generated Percoll gradients, avocado (Persea americana Mill, var. Fuerte and Hass) mitochondria retain a high proportion of cyanide-insensitive respiration, especially with alpha-ketoglutarate and malate as substrates. Whereas alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation remains unchanged, the rate of malate oxidation increases as ripening advances through the climacteric. An enhancement of mitochondrial malic enzyme activity, measured by the accumulation of pyruvate, closely parallels the increase of malate oxidation. The capacity for cyanide-insensitive respiration is also considerably enhanced while respiratory control decreases (from 3.3 to 1.7), leading to high state 4 rates.Both malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme are functional in state 3, but malic enzyme appears to predominate before the addition of ADP and after its depletion. In the presence of cyanide, a membrane potential is generated when the alterntive pathway is operating. Cyanide-insensitive malate oxidation can be either coupled to the first phosphorylation site, sensitive to rotenone, or by-pass this site. In the absence of phosphate acceptor, malate oxidation is mainly carried out via malic enzyme and the alternative pathway. Experimental modification of the external mitochondrial environment in vitro (pH, NAD(+), glutamade) results in changes in malate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme activities, which also modify cyanide resistance. It appears that a functional connection exists between malic enzyme and the alternative pathway via a rotenone-insensitive NADH dehydrogenase and that this pathway is responsible, in part, for nonphosphorylating respiratory activity during the climacteric.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1980

Malate Oxidation in Plant Mitochondria via Malic Enzyme and the Cyanide-insensitive Electron Transport Pathway.

MALATE OXIDATION IN PLANT MITOCHONDRIA PROCEEDS THROUGH THE ACTIVITIES OF TWO ENZYMES: a malate dehydrogenase and a NAD(+)-dependent malic enzyme. In cauliflower, mitochondria malate oxidation via malate dehydrogenase is rotenone- and cyanide-sensitive. Addition of exogenous NAD(+) stimulates the oxidation of malate via malic enzyme and generates an electron flux that is both rotenone- and cyanide-insensitive. The same effects of exogenous NAD(+) are also observed with highly cyanide-sensitive mitochondria from white potato tubers or with mitochondria from spinach leaves. Both enzymes are located in the matrix, but some experimental data also suggest that part of malate dehydrogenase activity is also present outside the matrix compartment (adsorbed cytosolic malate dehydrogenase?). It is concluded that malic enzyme and a specific pool of NAD(+)/NADH are connected to the cyanide-insensitive alternative pathway by a specific rotenone-insensitive NADH dehydrogenase located on the inner face of the inner membrane. Similarly, malate dehydrogenase and another specific pool of NAD(+)/NADH are connected to the cyanide- (and antimycin-) sensitive pathway by a rotenone-sensitive NADH dehydrogenase located on the inner face of the inner membrane. A general scheme of electron transport in plant mitochondria for the oxidation of malate and NADH can be given, assuming that different pools of ubiquinone act as a branch point between various dehydrogenases, the cyanide-sensitive cytochrome pathway and the cyanide-insensitive alternative pathway.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Lung water and capillary permeability in pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomatosis.

The subject of our research was the use of multiple indicators to study the lungs of rats during a pathological process induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). The parameters studied were extravascular water (idQwl), the capillary permeability of [14C]sucrose, and the unrecovered fraction of [3H5glucose. We ascertained that idQwl gives a valuable estimate of total pulmonary water (r=0.91, n=30) and allows a satisfactory quantification of granulomatosis, as is shown by the comparison between the values of idQwl measured at different stages of the lesional process with average number of nodules per slice of right middle pulmonary lobe. The capillary permeability of sucrose is normal both at early and late stages of the CFA granulomatosis process. The fraction of [3H]glucose not recovered increases significantly (p less than 0.001) during the initial stage of the CFA process. This apparent loss of indicator can be explained by the existence of a slow cellular compartment.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Electron transport in the membrane of lutoids from the latex of Hevea brasiliensis.

1. An antimycin-insensitive NADH-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (E.C. 1.6.99.3) activity can be demonstrated in the membrane of lutoids isolated from the latex of Hevea brasiliensis. This electron transport system can also use ferricyanide as an electron acceptor, but is unable to oxidize NADPH. 2. Two beta-type cytochromes are present in the membranes. Cytochrome beta563 is partially reduced by NADH and ascorbate, but is not reducible by NADPH. It shows a double peak at 555 and 561 nm at 77 degrees K. A second cytochrome, cytochrome beta561, seems to be reducible by hydrosulfite only. 3. In the reduced state, these cytochromes do not combine with CO. The occurrence of cytochrome P-450 could not be demonstrated. 4. The role of the NADH oxidation system is considered in relation to the biosynthesis of polyisoprene compounds in the latex.

Antimycin A↗
PubMed1975

[Aseptic osteonecrosis in renal transplantation ; apropos of 29 cases].

Over a period of observation of 14 years, one or more aspetic osteonecroses (AON) were discovered in 29 patients who had undergone renal transplantation. Altogether 64 AON were discovered. In patients who had survived at least 1 year, the frequency of this lesion was 18 percent. These transplantation necroses were often bilateral (16 cases out of 21 AON of the femoral head) or multiple (6 patients presenting AON in more than 3 sites) ; necroses were sometimes found in unusual sites (shoulder, ankle, upper end of the tibia, scaphoid, condyle of the humerus). The AONs of the lower limbs were remarkable because of their extent and because of the rapid evolution of the radiological signs. This is in contrast to the moderate nature of the pain. Latent types of necrosis are also found (3 cases of AON of the femoral head). During a search for factors favouring the development of AON, the authors noted that the average duration of haemodialysis was longer in the patients with AON than in a control group of transplant patients. The average daily dose of corticoids for the first six months after transplantation was not significantly different in the two groups studied. However, the 15 patients with transplants who were not given corticoids did not develop AON.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗