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Biomedical subjects

F Marumo

Publications and source records attributed to F Marumo.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Deranged concentrations of water-soluble vitamins in the blood of undialyzed and dialyzed patients with chronic renal failure.

Blood concentration of water-soluble vitamins were measured in patients with mild chronic renal insufficiency, uremic undialyzed and dialyzed patients and control subjects. The whole blood concentration of B1 was significantly lower in dialyzed patients. Plasma levels of B2 were elevated in uremic and dialyzed patients and plasma B6 was significantly increased in dialyzed patients. Serum levels of B12 and folic acid were elevated in uremic and dialyzed patients. The results of this study differ from those reported from Europe and the U.S.A. These geographical differences may arise primarily from differences in staple food, vegetable intake, and traditional methods of food preparation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of ONO-3122 (an enhancer of PGH2 production) and OKY-1581 (an inhibitor of TXA2 production) on the vasopressin-induced water flow in the toad bladder.

The effects of 1-iodo-3-aminomethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthol (ONO-3122) which increases endogenous PGH2, and sodium (E)-2-methyl-3-[4-3-pyridylmethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropenoate (OKY-1581) which inhibits thromboxane A2 synthesis, on vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in the bladder of the toad, Bufo bufo japonicus, were examined. ONO-3122 significantly inhibited the vasopressin-induced water flow at a concentration of 1 X 10(-4) M. OKY-1581 inhibited the vasopressin-induced water flow at 1 X 10(-6) M, but enhanced it at 1 X 10(-4) M. These results suggest that ONO-3122 indirectly inhibits the vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in the toad bladder; that is, ONO-3122 causes an increase in the conversion of arachidonic acid into PGH2. These results also suggest that OKY-1581 at a low concentration suppresses the vasopressin-induced water flow due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity. Both ONO-3122 and OKY-1581 provide a useful means for studying the action of prostaglandins.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1985

The absence of any effect of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide on sodium transport and osmotic water flow in the toad bladder.

Synthesized alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP), at 10(-6) M, failed to inhibit short-circuit current and basal and 10 mU/ml vasopressin-stimulated osmotic water flow in the bladder either pretreated with cyclooxygenase inhibitor, or preincubated with arachidonic acid, a precursor of PGE2. These results indicate alpha-hANP to have no direct effect on sodium transport and water permeability in the bladder, and no evidence was obtained indicating that alpha-hANP suppresses vasopressin-stimulated water flow by increasing PGE2 production.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The effects of PGE2 on vasopressin--and guanine nucleotide-mediated adenylate cyclase activity in toad bladder membrane.

PGE2 inhibited 10 m U/ml vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow of the toad bladder at 2 X 10(-8) M. PGE2 suppressed vasopressin-mediated cyclic AMP accumulation in epithelial cells and also vasopressin-mediated adenylate cyclase activity in a crude homogenate of the cells. However, PGE2 had no effect on cyclic AMP dependent and independent protein phosphorylation. These findings indicate that PGE2 inhibits vasopressin-induced water flow mainly through suppression of adenylate cyclase activity, and that the role of PGE2 at that point in the reaction leading to increased water permeability following cyclic AMP production may be slight. Under conditions in which the hormone and substrate are depleted, PGE2 and guanine nucleotides, such as GTP and Gpp(NH)p, additively bring about an increase in adenylate cyclase activity.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1985

Deranged mineral content in the bone of patients with chronic renal failure, estimated by computed tomography.

To evaluate the extent of renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure, the CT numbers of the lateral condylus and mid-shaft of the femur were measured. To adjust for variation due to measurement conditions, calibration phantom was simultaneously scanned with the femur. The CT numbers of the lateral condylus were significantly lower than the control in both nondialyzed (p less than 0.005) and dialyzed patients (p less than 0.05). The CT numbers of the mid-shaft of the femur in dialyzed patients correlated significantly to the duration of hemodialysis (r = 0.807, p less than 0.001). In 15 patients subjected to both CT scan and the photon absorptiometry, the CT numbers of the lateral condylus positively correlated to the mineral content of the radial (r = 0.57) and ulnar (r = 0.69) bones as calculated by photon absorptiometry. These results indicate that the CT scan can be used to estimate bone mineral content quantitatively, and is useful tool for evaluating renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Deranged Ca, Al and Mg content in the tissues of patients with chronic renal failure, as measured by non-destructive neutron activation analysis.

Ca, Al and Mg content in the bone, aorta, skin and hair of 55 persons was measured by non-destructive neutron activation analysis. The Ca content in the bone of nondialyzed and dialyzed patients was found to decrease. Al and Mg were relatively higher than Ca in the patients compared to the controls. The present study suggests that fluctuation in the content of Al and Mg may have some relation to renal osteodystrophy such as osteomalacia as well as similar and related disorders. Al and Mg content in the aorta, and that of Ca in the hair of uremic patients, were higher than the controls. The mean Ca content in the skin of the patients was 25% higher than the controls. These findings indicate 1) that Al and Mg are possibly related to the advance of osteodystrophy, and 2) that Ca, Al and Mg deposits in the organs of uremic patients are a reflection of metabolic disorders in chronic renal failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Trace element concentrations in hair, fingernails and plasma of patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis and hemofiltration.

Trace element concentrations in hair and fingernails and plasma of nondialyzed, hemodialyzed and hemofiltered patients with chronic renal failure and healthy volunteers were measured by atomic and flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry and neutron activation analysis. Plasma aluminum concentrations in all three groups of patients were higher than in the controls. Aluminum levels in plasma and red blood cells were higher in hemofiltered patients than in dialyzed patients. The aluminum concentrations in the hair of both nondialyzed and dialyzed patients was higher than in the controls, while that in the hemofiltered patients it was not. These elevated aluminum concentrations appear to be mainly caused by the use of aluminum-contaminated dialysate. Calcium concentrations in the hair of nondialyzed and dialyzed patients were higher than in the controls. Plasma zinc concentrations in all the patients were lower than the controls, and the concentrations in hemofiltered patients were lower than in the dialyzed patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Guanylylimidodiphosphate enhances the vasopressin- and vasotocin-induced osmotic water flow with no effect on the sodium transport of the frog bladder.

The effects of guanylylimidodiphosphate [Gpp (NH) p] on the vasopressin- and vasotocin-induced osmotic water flow and sodium transport across the bladder of the frog, Rana catesbiana, were examined. Gpp (NH) p enhanced both the vasopressin- and vasotocin-induced water flow, while it did not affect that of the sodium transport. These results suggest that the neurohypophysial hormone-induced water flow is regulated by the guanine nucleotide regulatory site of the adenylate cyclase, while the sodium transport is not regulated at the regulatory site.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of guanine nucleotides on vasopressin-induced water flow and sodium transport of the frog bladder.

In the present study, we examined the effects of guanine nucleotides on vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow and sodium transport in the 14-h preincubated frog bladder. We also examined the effects of the adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase system in the bladder's epithelial cells. Gpp(NH)p significantly enhanced vasopressin-induced water flow while it did not affect cyclic AMP-induced water flow. However, Gpp(NH)p did not enhance the vasopressin-induced increment of sodium transport across the frog bladder. The adenylate cyclase activity of the crude homogenate was enhanced by vasopressin, Gpp(NH)p and NaF. The effects of Gpp(NH)p and vasopressin, at their maximum doses, on the enzyme activities were additive, while other combinations were not. Specific Gpp(NH)p binding sites were found in the pellet fraction after 2,400 X g centrifugation. No direct effect on the protein kinase activity was observed in the presence of 10(-6) M nucleotides, such as GTP, GDP, GMP, CTP, UTP, ITP and Gpp(NH)p. Cyclic AMP stimulated the phosphorylation of discrete protein bands, however, Gpp(NH)p did not influence cyclic AMP-dependent protein phosphorylation of crude homogenate of the bladder's epithelial cells. These results suggest the guanine nucleotides stimulate the vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in frog bladder by enhancing the vasopressin-mediated adenylate cyclase activity, so that accumulated cyclic AMP might activate cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1983

Influence of aluminium on the effect of 1 alpha (OH)D3 on renal osteodystrophy.

The influence of aluminium in dialysate on the effects of 1 alpha (OH)3 on hemodialyzed hypocalcemic patients with end-stage renal failure, was studied during a 24- to 42-month period. 51 hypocalcemic patients were divided into two groups; group 1 consisted of 28 patients who were dialyzed using dialysate prepared from reverse osmosed water; the 23 patients in group 2 used dialysate prepared from softened water. Aluminium concentration in the dialysate used for group 1 was less than the detectable limit (10 micrograms/l) in twelve times determinations, while that for group 2 was 23.1 +/- 9.2 micrograms/l (mean +/- SD, n = 14). By the administration of 1 alpha (OH)D3, the serum concentration of calcium was increased, and that of iPTH and alkaline phosphatase activity was decreased in both groups. Subperiosteal resorption of the finger bone, evaluated by Jensen's criteria, was significantly improved in group 1, while there was no improvement in group 2. Serum aluminium concentration in the patients of group 1 and group 2 were 46.6 +/- 6.3 and 84.7 +/- 13.9 micrograms/l, respectively, and the concentration of the latter was significantly higher than that of the former (p less than 0.01). It was also shown that there is a positive correlation between the extent of subperiosteal resorption and the concentration of aluminum in serum. Serum aluminium concentration and bone aluminium content were increased according to the duration of hemodialysis in the patients who were dialyzed using dialysate from softened water, while there was no correlation between the duration of hemodialysis and serum aluminium concentration for the patients of group 1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

De novo development of hypercholesterolemia and elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: apoprotein A-I ratio in patients with chronic renal failure following kidney transplantation.

Serum lipids, apoprotein and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activities were studied in 27 renal transplant recipients with stable and normal renal function (serum creatinine 0.16 mM/l or less) sustained for more than 1 year following grafting. Hypertriglyceridemia, which was characteristic of hyperlipidemia in 18 hemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure, was no longer manifest in transplant recipients. On the other hand, de novo hypercholesterolemia was observed posttransplant with mean serum levels of 5.82 +/- 1.34 versus 5.01 +/- 0.88 mM/l in 575 normal controls. As to the high-density lipoprotein metabolism, the cholesterol content (1.72 +/- 0.56 mM/l) was significantly higher in transplant patients than in hemodialyzed patients (0.82 +/- 0.31 mM/l). In contrast, no variation in apoprotein A-I levels was found between both groups of patients, which produced an elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol:apoprotein A-I ratio. Thus, derangement in the serum lipid profile, although qualitatively different, continued to be present following transplantation, and its relevance to the cardiovascular morbidity in these patients remains to be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Stimulatory and inhibitory effects of guanine nucleotides on arginine-vasotocin-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the epithelial cell membranes of the bullfrog bladder.

The effects of arginine-vasotocin and nucleotides on the steady-state kinetics of the adenylate cyclase activity in the epithelial cell membranes of the bullfrog (Rana catesbiana) bladder were studied. Arginine-vasotocin stimulated adenylate cyclase more effectively than oxytocin or arginine-vasopressin, with respect to both the maximal hormonal activation ratio relative to basal, and the hormone concentration yielding a half-maximal response (apparent Km). Arginine-vasotocin, GTP and its analogue guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p) increased the Vmax of the basal adenylate cyclase activity, but showed no effect of the apparent Km of the system for ATP. In addition, Gpp(NH)p enhanced the arginine-vasotocin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity, further increasing the Vmax, while GTP showed no statistically significant effect. Dual effects of GDP were apparent: it was stimulatory at 1 x 10(-5) mol/l and inhibitory at 1 x 10(-3) mol/l, on both the basal and the arginine-vasotocin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate, CTP, UTP and ITP showed no apparent effect on the enzyme activity. Sodium fluoride acted in the same manner as GTP on the adenylate cyclase system, increasing only basal activity. Adenylate cyclase activities exhibited pH optima that were less distinct in the presence than in the absence of Gpp(NH)p. The Arrhenius plot of the temperature experiment showed that a high-energy step was involved for activation by Gpp(NH)p or arginine-vasotocin. When the relative activation ratios by arginine-vasotocin at different ATP concentrations were studied, a distinct activation optimum was shown at 2.5 x 10(-4) mol ATP/l, either in the absence or presence of Gpp(NH)p. The possibility that GTP, GDP nd ATP play a regulatory role in the epithelial cells of the bullfrog bladder by adjusting the responsiveness of the system to a natural hormone, arginine-vasotocin, is discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

De novo development of hypercholesterolaemia and increased HDL-cholesterol: apoprotein A-I ratio in patients with chronic renal failure following kidney transplantation.

Lipid profiles were studied in 27 kidney transplant patients with stable renal function during long term follow-up and 18 haemodialysis patients. Hypertriglyceridaemia resolved after kidney transplantation. In contrast, hypercholesterolaemia developed and persisted in transplant patients. HDL-CHL temporarily elevated at 1-5 years post-transplant compared to decreased values during haemodialysis. HDL-CHL:Apo . A-I ratio became elevated post-transplant, although no variation in Apo . A-I values was observed between either groups. It is suggested that qualitative and quantitative changes of HDL particles develop after grafting.

Adult↗