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Biomedical subjects

F Martino

Publications and source records attributed to F Martino.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Echographic study of Tietze's syndrome.

An echographic study of Tietze's syndrome was carried out. Three patients with clinical evidence of Tietze's syndrome were examined. Ten normal volunteers were studied as controls. In Tietze's syndrome a dishomogeneous increase of the echogenicity in pathological cartilage and an increased thickness vs. the opposite normal side were observed. A moderate thickness and a decreased echogenicity of surrounding soft tissues was observed in one case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Atrial natriuretic peptide and renin-aldosterone relationship in healthy newborn infants.

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and aldosterone concentrations, and plasma renin activity (PRA) were measured by radioimmunoassay concurrently in 20 healthy full term infants, in cord blood, at 24 hours after birth and on the 4th day of life. ANP and aldosterone increased significantly at 24 hours and was persistently elevated on the 4th day of life. PRA remained unchanged during the first four days of life. In cord blood, ANP concentrations were correlated with aldosterone concentrations (r = 0.49, p less than 0.05) and hematocrit (r = 0.58, p less than 0.02). At the 24 hours of life, plasma ANP concentrations were correlated with weight loss observed on the 4th day of life (r = -0.70, p less than 0.005), while the percentage changes in plasma aldosterone concentrations were correlated with percentage changes in systolic blood pressure (BP) (r = 0.49, p less than 0.05). These findings suggest that during the early newborn period ANP and aldosterone act as an integrated system which has a role in regulation blood pressure and intravascular volume homeostasis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Atherosclerosis and pediatrics. Role of nutrition of healthy children].

In the last few years many authors have studied atherosclerosis prevention in paediatrics. In our paper the most recent advances concerning the role of dietary intake in the normal child are described. Human milk and "prudent" diet with low intake of lipids and dietary cholesterol are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Malabsorption and nutritional abnormalities in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Cirrhotic patients often present muscle and adipose tissue depletion as well as reduced visceral protein concentration. Impaired absorption of nutrients may contribute to this altered nutritional status. To verify this hypothesis fecal fat excretion, intestinal mucosal function evaluated by means of the combined sugar oral load test, and intestinal clearance of alpha-1-Antirypsin were studied in 25 cirrhotic patients with clinical and biochemical signs of liver insufficiency and with portal hypertension. About 50% of the patients showed clinical evidence of malnutrition. Three of the 12 well-nourished, and 8 of the 13 malnourished patients presented significant steatorrhoea. Cirrhotics showed no impairment in mediated malabsorption and in passive permeability, as plasma D-xylose/3-O-methyl-glucose concentration and urinary lactulose/L-rhamnose excretion ratios were within the normal range. An increased value of alpha-1-Antitrypsin clearance was found only in two patients. These findings indicate that fat malabsorption is frequent in cirrhotic patients, particularly when malnourished, and does not depend on the presence of mucosal intestinal damage.

3-O-Methylglucose↗
PubMed1990

[Complications and limitations of ureteroscopy].

From 1985 to January 1990 a series of 298 patients with calculi of the ureter at various level were treated by ureteroscopy (lumbar 179; iliac 11; pelvic 108). We always performed the ureteral dilatation. After treatment all patients were-controlled with urography and, in particularly case (more than one ureteroscopy in same patient, complex stone) underwent also to TAC, RMN and cystography. The success rate for ureteroscopic removal calculi was 94%. We compared the complications rete between ureteroscopy and open surgical lithotomy: they were significantly less for ureteroscopic stone removal than ureterolithotomy. Ureteroscopy should be considered the method of choice in the management of ureteric calculi.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The lithotripsy therapy center "Citta di Brescia". Our experiences with the first 400 treatments].

From September 1988 to April 1989, 400 patients with stones in the calyx (40%), in the renal pelvis (45%), in the ureter (15%) and with staghorn calculi (5%) underwent shock wave treatment. In the majority of patients therapy was carried out with general anesthesia. Disintegration was achieves in 95% of stones in the kidney and 44% of stones localized in the ureter following "in situ" ESWL. The ureteroscopy and stone push-up with replacement into the renal ampulla was performed in 56% of ureteral calculi. The average number of impulses to achieve disintegration was 1850. In 20 patients were necessary 4000 SW; we studied this patients with echography, TAC and RMN 48 hours after the treatment. The objective of this trial is the assessment of the efficacy and cost benefit relation of lithotripter TRIPTER X1.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Peroxidation of erythrocyte lipids and levels of vitamin E in red blood cells in children with chronic renal insufficiency].

The tocopherol and malonyldialdeyde levels in the erythrocytes of 15 children affected by chronic renal failure, free of therapy, have been studied. Decreased levels of the former and increased of the latter were found. These data indicate red blood cell lipids peroxidation, responsible, at least in part, of the reduced red blood cell survival and of chronic anemia.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging after ESWL. Comparison at over 4,000 shock waves.

Twenty patients who received more than 3,000 shock waves at 20 kV during single treatment for renal calculi with the Tripter X1, were studied retrospectively after 48 hours with CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In 15 cases (85%) both diagnostic procedures were negative. In 2 cases both revealed a subcapsular haematoma and in another case perirenal urinary extravasation. We conclude that no substantial differences have been noted in postoperative complications in patients treated with 4,000 shock waves compared with those who received a smaller number of waves.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Sensitivity to antibiotic drugs of isolated bacteria in urinary infections in children].

The need for an early start to antibiotic therapy during infections of the urinary ways in paediatrics, even before knowing the infecting strain and chemosensitivity tests, often makes it difficult to choose the drug to be used. The present study examines all the urine samples reaching the Microbiology Laboratory of Rome University's Paediatrics Clinic between 1986 and 1988, highlighting infecting species and respective chemosensitivity. The samples were also distinguished on the basis of sex and origin (hospitalised patients and out-patients). From the data so examined it was noted that some antibiotics give a broader cover against the species most frequently encountered during urinary way infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Radioimmunologic analysis of insulin (IRI) in glucose metabolism in uremic patients].

Glucose intolerance in uremic patients is often reported in literature. This condition is characterized by an unbalance between production and utilization of glucose as for a trouble of the mechanism of gluco-metabolic regulation. Insulin radioimmunoassay (IRI) is measured to know the amount of hormone incretion and to verify its efficacy in the glucose utilization. The glucagon load and the double glucagon load are tests employed to study IRI response and glucose metabolism in uremia. With the double administration of glucagon is possible to assess the degree of glycogenolysis, but also the neo-glycogenesis stimulated by the first glucagon injection. This aspect is important because it reflects the sensitivity for the agent of counter-regulation hormonal (especially glucagon). The test performed by double glucagon load produces in uremic subjects IRI curves characterized by two peaks and unbalance amount between the 1st and the 2nd area correspondent to glucagon loads. Both the phases are higher than phases of normal subjects and the ratio 2nd/1st is 1.5. The behaviour of all the responsive IRI curves is similar and sufficiently homogeneous to permit its representation by medium values observed step by step in the group. The plasma glucose responses are dishomogeneous and it is possible to emphasize different types of involvement in the glucose intolerance.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Long-term therapy with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in recurrent urinary tract infections in childhood].

Experiments have been carried out with an association of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid for the long-term treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections. 20 children whose antibiogram showed that the microbe in question was insensitive to amoxicillin alone were selected for treatment; five suffered from urinary tract malformations. Urine sterilisation was obtained by administering a dose of 40 mg/kg/die for five days. Treatment continued with a single evening dose of 20 mg/kg for six months. A positive result was obtained in 18 subjects (90%). One case of E. coli proved resistant to the antibiotic. In another case, treatment had to be suspended for vomiting. At the end of treatment, haematological controls proved normal.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1988

Helper strategy in tumor immunology: expansion of helper lymphocytes and utilization of helper lymphokines for experimental and clinical immunotherapy.

Two main kinds of immune strategy are possible against neoplasia. The first potentiates a selected effector arm. In vitro culture with exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2) increases the activity of natural killer cells and leads to the expansion of T cytotoxic lymphocytes. Systemic reinfusion of both of these cells with high doses of IL-2 mediates the regression of a variety of murine and human tumors. In an alternative strategy, a few regulatory lymphocytes turn on immune reactivity by triggering a cascade of interconnected effector functions. The efficacy of this strategy rests on the repertoire of effector mechanisms moved to action. An effective immunoregulatory maneuver is the addition of helper determinants on the surface of tumor cells. Its power can be further increased by the pre-induction of helper T lymphocytes specific to the helper determinants. This approach can be achieved in mice by coupling muramyl dipeptides to tumor cells, along with eliciting T lymphocytes specifically reactive to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Noncytotoxic T helper lymphocytes produce factors which recruit nonspecific (macrophages) as well as specific (cytolytic T lymphocytes) anti-tumor attacking cells. In this way protection can be afforded against primary tumors and metastases, as well as leukemia cells. As the activity of helper lymphocytes rests mostly on lymphokine release, the use of molecularly defined lymphokines mimicking T-helper functions has also been attempted. In a few experimental models, the association of low doses of IL-2 with non-reactive lymphocytes from tumor-bearing mice promotes an effective anti-tumor reaction in the host. Moreover, the combination of distinct lymphokines can also build a molecularly defined helper system able to activate in sequence non-specific and specific anti-tumor reactions in vivo. Trials intended to evaluate the clinical impact of these helper approaches in the management of human tumors are being started or are already under way.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗