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Biomedical subjects

F M Muggia

Publications and source records attributed to F M Muggia.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Risk factors for doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure.

Potential risk factors responsible for development of doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure were examined through retrospective analysis of 4018 patient records. The overall incidence of drug-induced congestive heart failure was 2.2% (88 cases). The probability of incurring doxorubicin-induced congestive heart failure was related to the total dose of doxorubicin administered. There was a continuum of increasing risk as the cumulative amount of administered drug increased. A weekly dose schedule of doxorubicin was associated with a significantly lower incidence of congestive heart failure than was the usually employed every 3-week schedule. An increase in drug-related congestive heart failure was also seen with advancing patient age. Performance status, sex, race, and tumor type were not risk factors. These data will enable clinicians to better estimate the risk/benefit ratio in individual patients receiving prolonged administration of doxorubicin. They also provide a basis for the investigation of less cardiotoxic anthracycline analogues or for designing measures to prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

VM-26, a new anticancer drug with effectiveness in malignant lymphoma: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study (EST 1474).

Thirty-six patients with stage III and IV Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who had become refractory to conventional chemotherapy, were treated with VM-26. Complete remissions were documented in two patients with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Six patients (four with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and two with Hodgkin's disease) had partial remissions. The overall response rate was 22% (eight of 36 patients). Hematologic toxicity was the most frequent dose-limiting toxicity. Nonhematologic toxic effects were mild and acceptable. This study demonstrates that VM-26 can produce tumor responses in refractory lymphomas. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group is currently planning two new phase II studies to incorporate VM-26 with other active new agents, one involving hexamethylmelamine and the other involving cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Azaserine, DON, and azotomycin: three diazo analogs of L-glutamine with clinical antitumor activity.

A review of the clinical data on azaserine, DON, and azotomycin reveals that these agents have limited but definite antitumor activity. All three drugs are analogs of L-glutamine and contain a diazo group. They have been studied as single agents in a wide variety of human malignancies and have also been included in trials using combination chemotherapy. Most of these studies were performed early in the history of clinical trials and, therefore, the method of reporting results and the evaluation criteria were quite different from those in use today. A renewed interest in these agents has been triggered by the remarkable activity of DON and azotomycin against human tumor lines implanted into nude mice. On the basis of this activity and the clinical data we have compiled, we feel that new clinical trials with these agents are warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Adequacies and inadequacies in assessing murine toxicity data with antineoplastic agents.

Previous retrospective analyses have suggested a very positive correlation in toxic doses of antineoplastic agents between mice and humans. Additional toxicological information has now been accumulated and reveals a noticeable variability in the existing data base. Nevertheless, it is likely that mouse toxicological studies will become a principal determinant for estimating initial doses to be used in humans. Recognition of the factors responsible for differences in determinations of toxic dose levels in mice will enhance the proper utilization of this approach.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

International activities of the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute.

International collaborative activities of the Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute, U.S.A., have a long-standing history, and in recent years have expanded to such an extent that an Office of International Treatment Research has been created. The scope of these activities encompasses three areas: 1) participation in International Collaborative Agreements with official national research entities, 2)direct NCI-supported projects, and 3) miscellaneous, less formalized programs. These are described and specific recent contributions are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the importance of international collaboration and exchange of information in searching for new drugs and in maximizing progress in cancer treatment.

France↗
PubMed1979

Efficacy of 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine and N-[N-gamma-glutamyl-6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucinyl]-6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucine against experimental tumors in conventional and nude mice.

The chemotherapeutic effects of 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) and N-[N-gamma-glutamyl-6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucinyl]6-diazo-5-oxo-norleucine (azotomycin) were evaluated in a spectrum of transplantable experimental tumor systems including xenografts of human tumors in athymic mice. Both drugs displayed remarkable activity against the murine leukemia L1210 and P388, the Colon Tumors C26 and C38 and the CD8F1 mammary tumor. No significant activity was observed against Lewis lung carcinoma, B16 carcinoma, B16 melanoma, and intracranial ependymoblastoma. DON and azotomycin also exhibited striking inhibitory effects on the growth of s.c. human tumor (MX-1 mammary, LX-1 lung and CX-1 and CX-2 colon) xenografts in athymic mice. With the exception of one colon xenograft (CX-1), all tumor lines were markedly responsive to both drugs. Tumor regressions below the initial tumor sizes of 100 to 300 mg, albeit temporary, were brought about by one course of treatment every 4 days for 3 doses (at optimal dose) with either drug. Although these drugs have been tested previously in the clinic and have shown only limited therapeutic effectiveness, they seem to worthy of a second and closer look in light of the recent laboratory results.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The chemotherapy of Hodgkin's disease: past experiences and future directions.

From the standpoint of chemotherapy, the first progress in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease was the identification of the activity of nitrogen mustard in the 1940's. The initial antitumor effect of the drug created a great excitement. However, when all patients later relapsed, there was subsequent dejection and skepticism about the utility of drug therapy. Fortunately, in the 1950's and 1960's, the development of other effective agents (vinca alkaloids, corticosteroids, and methylhydrazines) in conjunction with the elucidation of the principles of combination chemotherapy led to a marked increase in the antitumor response rate of patients with Hodgkin's disease. The value of many of these drug combinations remains under study. Nonetheless, approximately 75% of all patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease treated today with combination chemotherapy can achieve a complete remission. In addition, over half of these remain disease-free long enough to be considered cured. The development of effective treatment, both local (radiotherapy) and systemic (MOPP chemotherapy), has given the clinical investigator the tools to complete, in the 1970's, the therapeutic experiments necessary to refine both the interrelationship between the treatments and their impact upon the natural history of Hodgkin's disease.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Clinical evaluation of new antitumor antibiotics.

The clinical evaluation of new antibiotics and their analogs requires detailed analysis with respect to the best therapeutic strategy. In the case of anthracycline, diminished cardiac toxicity is as important an aim as increased activity. In the evaluation of cardiac toxicity the most important parameter must be the time to toxicity rather than the total dose. The new endomyocardial biopsy technique may be helpful in the study of analogs such as rubidazone, carminomycin and AD32. Actinomycin D analogs are also of interest, since this drug is part of several curative regimens, but its use has been limited by its severe acute toxicity. In the case of bleomycin, analogs with diminished pulmonary toxicity should be sought.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗