Biomedical subjects

F M Mattes

Publications and source records attributed to F M Mattes.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Primary herpes simplex virus type-2 infection as a cause of liver failure after liver transplantation.

We report a case of fatal primary herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) infection following liver transplantation, which manifested with fever and liver failure in the absence of muco-cutaneous disease. The infection was characterized by high levels of HSV DNA in blood and the patient's inability to mount HSV-specific T-cell responses while showing preserved T-cell responses against cytomegalovirus. The donor was HSV-1 immunoglobulin G (IgG) seronegative and HSV-2 IgG seropositive, whereas the recipient was HSV-1 and HSV-2 IgG seronegative, suggesting that the graft may have been the source of the infection. In HSV-seronegative recipients of grafts from HSV-seropositive donors, HSV infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of a febrile illness, regardless of the absence of muco-cutaneous disease. In this setting, real-time polymerase chain reaction applied to blood samples provides a sensitive, rapid, and quantitative diagnostic tool.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Kinetics of cytomegalovirus load decrease in solid-organ transplant recipients after preemptive therapy with valganciclovir.

The availability of valganciclovir (VGCV) has significantly simplified the treatment of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection after solid-organ transplantation. We show that there was no difference in the kinetics of the decrease in HCMV load after preemptive therapy with VGCV in 22 solid-organ transplant recipients (T1/2=2.16 days), compared with that in 23 patients treated with intravenous ganciclovir (GCV) (T(1/2) = 1.73 days; P=.63). Preemptive therapy with VGCV provides control of HCMV replication that is comparable to that achieved with preemptive intravenous therapy with GCV.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2001

CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocyte responses against cytomegalovirus after liver transplantation: correlation with time from transplant to receipt of tacrolimus.

The effects of the immunocompromised state after liver transplantation on the frequency of cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were investigated in 93 patients by using HLA class I tetrameric complexes corresponding to HLA-A*0201, HLA-B*0702, HLA-B*0801, and HLA-B*3501 refolded with peptides from the ppUL83 matrix protein. ppUL83 CTL frequencies were suppressed during the first 6 months after transplantation. Patients with >1 HLA-restricted response detected had high correlation among ppUL83 CD8(+) CTL frequencies restricted by different HLA haplotypes (Spearman's rho=.67; P<.0001). There was an inverse correlation among levels of the calcineurin inhibitor, tacrolimus, and ppUL83 CD8(+) CTL frequencies (r=-.31; P=.005), which is consistent with the presence of a large proportion (70%) of activated (CD38(+)) ppUL83 CD8(+) CTL within the population of HLA class I tetramer-positive cells.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Quantity of cytomegalovirus DNA in different leukocyte populations during active infection in vivo and the presence of gB and UL18 transcripts.

The quantity of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA in the blood of immunocompromised individuals correlates with the development of HCMV disease. We wished to determine which leukocytes harboured DNA and whether this represented active viral replication. Magnetic bead separation techniques were used to obtain pure polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL), monocyte, B and T cell fractions, and RT-PCR and quantitative-competitive PCR (QC-PCR) to detect HCMV glycoprotein B (gB; UL55) transcripts and quantify HCMV DNA levels, respectively, in each cell fraction. QC-PCR revealed that PMNLs contribute the greatest to the overall viral load in blood (median viral load: PMNLs, 10(5.37) genomes/ml of blood; monocytes, 10(4.40) genomes/ml; B cells, 10(3.70) genomes/ml; and T cells, 10(4.08) genomes/ml). However, monocytes have a viral burden of 0.65 genomes/monocyte which is greater than that within the other leukocyte populations (0.11 genomes/PMNL, 0.23 genomes/B cell, and 0.20 genomes/T cell). Glycoprotein B transcripts were detected in all four cell populations: 3/10 PMNL fractions, 6/13 monocyte fractions, 5/13 B cell fractions, and 4/13 T cell fractions. The data show that productive infection of these leukocyte subpopulations, including PMNLs, can occur in vivo. Furthermore, transcripts of gpUL18, the putative natural killer (NK) cell decoy, were detected in 2/6 monocyte fractions with active replication, and 1/4 T cell fractions but not in the other leukocyte fractions. The transient nature of UL18 gene expression, and the low abundance of the transcript relative to gB were confirmed.

B-Lymphocytes↗

PubMed2000

Histopathological detection of owl's eye inclusions is still specific for cytomegalovirus in the era of human herpesviruses 6 and 7.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the prototype member of the beta-herpesvirinae, which can cause multiple organ dysfunction in the immunocompromised host. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and HHV-7 are newer members of the beta-herpesvirinae that can cause febrile illness in young children and are also possible pathogens in the immunocompromised patient. AIM: CMV is detected in histopathological sections by visualisation of owl's eye inclusion bodies. The aim of this study was to quantify the relation between CMV, HHV-6, and HHV-7 viral loads and the presence of owl's eye inclusions in histological sections. METHODS: Histopathological examination of postmortem material and recording of owl's eye inclusion bodies were performed. CMV, HHV-6, and HHV-7 were detected by qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the same postmortem samples. Statistical analysis of the histopathological and PCR results was performed. RESULTS: There was a significant association between the detection of owl's eye inclusion bodies and positive CMV PCR (p < 0.001); the median CMV viral load was significantly higher in samples that were positive for owl's eye inclusions (p < 0.001). No association was found between the presence of owl's eye inclusions and HHV-6 or HHV-7 positivity. CONCLUSION: Histological detection of owl's eye inclusion bodies is an insensitive but highly specific method for detecting CMV organ involvement. Owl's eye inclusion bodies are not associated with HHV-6 or HHV-7 infection.

Cytomegalovirus↗