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Biomedical subjects

F Leblhuber

Publications and source records attributed to F Leblhuber.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Value of early acoustic and somatosensory evoked potentials in monitoring and prognostic assessment of coma in barbiturate therapy--comparison with clinical aspects and EEG].

25 comatose patients suffering from severe cerebral lesions of different etiology were examined during barbiturate-therapy by Glasgow-Pittsburg-Coma-Scoring-System (GPCS), EEG, somatosensory and brainstem acoustic evoked potentials. The findings were correlated in view of prognostic prediction and importance for monitoring. A modified form of the Glasgow-Outcome-Score (GOS; independent-survival, dependent-survival, dead) was used for evaluating the outcome. In case of an initial GPCS less than 10 points none of the patients survived, in case of GPCS greater than 10 points 11 out of 19 patients survived. The latter relation of survival was also found in patients with improving or impairing scores during the observation period. In case of initial burst-suppression pattern in the EEG 7 out of 11 patients survived, in case of diffuse abnormalities with or with-out additional focal signs - 4 out of 10 patients survived, but in the latter there was none with an outcome of independent survival. All patients with an isoelectric EEG died. In case of bilateral recording of scalp- SEP 7 out of 11 patients survived, in case of unilateral loss of scalp-EP 4 out of 8 patients survived, but in the latter cases none with an outcome of independence. All patients with initial bilateral failure of scalp-SSEP or loss during the observation period died. In case of bilateral registrable BAEP (wave I to V) 11 out of 17 patients survived. All patients with initial uni- or bilateral failure of those potentials or loss during the observation period died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Carpal tunnel syndrome: neurographical parameters in different stages of median nerve compression.

In a series of 47 cases and 55 hands operated upon for carpal tunnel syndrome, the pre-operative electrodiagnostic findings have been compared retrospectively with the morphological findings within the carpal tunnel during operation. As a main result there was no significant correlation between the degree of electrophysiological changes and the degree of median nerve compression. Only the lack of any motor or sensory response seems to indicate a more severe median nerve compression. In about 20% of cases with operatively proven marked median nerve compression, both distal motor latency and motor nerve conduction velocity were well within normal limits and would not have led to the diagnosis of a carpal tunnel syndrome in these cases. The diagnosis, therefore, cannot be made on the basis of electrodiagnostic pathological values only of distal motor latency and motor nerve conduction velocity, but has to take into account as well the sensory nerve conduction velocity as well as the clinical picture and neurological findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Heterogeneity of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I (HMSN I): electroneurographical findings, visual evoked potentials and blood group markers in a family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT).

21 members of a large kinship with autosomal dominant CMT showing typical clinical findings were studied electroneurographically, with visual evoked potentials (VEP) and with blood group markers. In clinically affected members, the mean motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the median nerve was found to be 17.5 m/s (SD 2.4). Contrary to previous genetic linkage studies in CMT families with comparable slow motor NCV, blood group typing in this family excluded close linkage of HMSN I to Duffy locus, which may indicate the existence of another subgroup in CMT neuropathy. Mean latencies of VEP, in both clinically affected and unaffected members, showed no pathological alterations when compared to normals. There was no correlation between NCV and P 100 latencies, but significant variation of P 100 latencies in families of twin brothers could be demonstrated. As already suggested by other authors, our findings may also indicate heterogeneity in this neuropathy.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Heterogeneity of neural muscular atrophies].

Classification of the hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies is discussed and findings reported in the recent literature are compared to our own findings in a kinship with autosomal dominant CMT. Previous studies in CMT-families with comparable slow nerve conduction velocities had shown positive linkage of this hereditary neuropathy to the Duffy blood group locus; however, blood group typing in the recently studied kinship excluded close linkage, which may indicate the existence of another sub-group in this entity. Testing of visually evoked potentials in this kindred demonstrated significant differences in P 100 latencies of the families of twin brothers. This intrafamilial difference may also be an expression of heterogeneity.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Involvement of the optic nerve in neural muscular atrophy].

Visual evoked potentials (VEP) were investigated in 12 members of a family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, 7 of whom showed manifest clinical signs of the disease. The mean value of the latency P100 of VEP in the 12 patients did not differ significantly from the value in normal controls, nor did the values in members with considerably reduced nerve conduction velocities differ significantly from those in members with normal nerve conduction velocity. Among the investigated members of the family, however, there was a significant difference in mean P100 latency between family H.G. with no clinical signs of the disease and the family of the twin brother, F.G. with clear clinical and neurographic signs of HMSN I. The divergent opinions given in the literature may be explained by heterogeneity, as well as an extreme expression of the inherited defect and a combination of two independently inherited diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Results of surgical treatment of common peripheral nerve lesions of the upper extremities].

The results of operative treatment and clinical as well as electrodiagnostic findings are discussed in 68 cases. In about one half of our cases a carpal tunnel syndrome was found with excellent outcome of the operation in 93,6%, with fairly good outcome in the rest of the cases. In 14 of the patients studied a sulcus nervi ulnaris syndrome was seen, 9 of them showing excellent improvement after operative neurolysis was performed. Motor function improved in 8 out of 11 traumatic nerve dissections; Restitutio ad integrum was seen in incomplete lesions of the brachial plexus only, useful recovery of motor and sensory functions in 7 out of 10 patients with total plexus lesions. Regarding these good results of operative treatment of mechanical lesions of the peripheral nerves an exact clinical and neurophysiological examination has to be done for diagnosing and localizing those peripheral nerve affections.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Somatosensory evoked potentials in comatose patients: comparison with clinical findings, EEG and prognosis].

21 comatose patients were examined by somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP). The findings were correlated with the stage of brainstem herniation, the EEG and the outcome. We evaluated the early components of the SSEP (N10, N13, N14, P15, N20) in view of presence, latency and interpeak-latency of the potentials. In most cases the percentage of abnormal SSEP increased from caudal to rostral registration sites, but the potential P15 and N20 were equally abnormal. The progression of herniation correlated with increasing abnormality of the potentials. SSEP over the scalp (P15, N20) could not be registered in patients without any EEG-activity (isoelectric). Mean values of latencies and the interpeak-latencies were significantly prolonged in all cases with fatal outcome. Our findings suggest SSEP as a useful tool in the evaluation of brain-dysfunction in comatose patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[EEG controls in recurrences of supratentorial brain-specific tumors].

The purpose of this study was to find out the value of postoperative EEG controls in the early detection of recurrence of supratentorial gliomas (the majority being astrocytomas, stage II to IV). 29 cases with verified tumour recurrence were examined and in all but one the EEG showed a reactivation of the focus in accordance with the development of the glioma. At least one of the following parameters had to be established: a further spreading of the focal changes, a reduction in frequency, an increase in amplitudes and focal depression of amplitudes. At least 3 postoperative EEG controls were made in each case. The duration of tumour treatment was 3 to 59 months. In 3 cases temporary focus activation was found without evidence of tumour recurrence; in one of these cases the activation was preceded by an epileptic seizure. Epileptic seizures, thus, seem to have a focus activating effect. Focus activation as a result of radiotherapy or cytostatic treatment was not observed. On the basis of our findings it appears that regularly conducted postoperative EEG controls seem to be highly suited as a non-invasive and economical method for the early detection of recurrence of this type of tumour. In the case of malignant types of gliomas involving rapid growth EEG controls should be made monthly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression, but not activity, of neuronal nitric oxide synthase is regionally increased in the alcoholic brain.

The regional distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was investigated in alcoholic post-mortem brains compared with brains of non-alcoholic control individuals. Total enzyme activity in 28 brain regions was determined using the [(3)H]l-citrulline formation assay, whereas Western blot analyses were used for semi-quantitative measurement of the neuronal isoform of NOS (nNOS). In the alcoholic brain, nNOS protein expression was increased in the following regions: frontal cortex (85%), the cingulate gyrus (294%), the nucleus accumbens (54%), the entorhinal cortex (85%) and the thalamus (51%). These increases were, however, not associated with higher total NOS activity. Interestingly, nNOS protein content was increased in the frontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens, brain regions which are suggested to be involved in the dopaminergic mesolimbic reward system. It is concluded that upregulation of signal transduction pathways, such as the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and the protein kinase C-dependent pathway, due to stimulation of G-protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor regulation, as a form of functional tolerance, could be responsible for increased nNOS protein expression, and downregulation of NOS enzyme activity in these brain regions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tiapride in the treatment of irreversible tardive dyskinesia--initial experiences].

Twelve patients on a chronic psychiatric ward with NL-induced permanent TD were treated with 300 mg tiapride daily for at least 3 weeks. Clinical assessment of TD was performed with AIM-Scale before and after 3 weeks' therapy, showing a significant effect of treatment. These preliminary findings were controlled in a blind study, showing again a significant therapeutic effect of tiapride.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Histopathologic studies in dementia--comparison with clinical findings].

This paper compares the clinical diagnosis of dementia with the result of the neuropathological brain examination in 23 patients. Aim of this investigation was a verification of the clinical diagnosis. The diagnosis was based on the clinical findings, the Mini Mental State Examination, DSM-III-R classification of dementia, the NINCDS-ADRDA-criteria, results of laboratory tests, EEG, CCT and sonography. A total of 70% of the clinical diagnosis corresponded to the neuropathological results. In 25% of these cases which clinically showed the characteristics of Alzheimer's disease histopathological findings delineated dementia of non-Alzheimer-type. These results underline the importance of additional histopathological investigations in the diagnosis of dementia.

Aged↗