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Biomedical subjects

F Laurent

Publications and source records attributed to F Laurent.

244 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cancer mortality in France. New Aspects of the presentation and analysis of data].

In France mortality statistics are the only complete source of information on cancer. Investigation of the annual figures and the application of statistical methods to their presentation and analysis has facilitated fresh studies of geographical pathology, utilizing methods of analysis with simple and multiple correlations (analysis of correlations). Certain groupings were thus revealed, notably in the case of death from bronchial carcinoma, urinary bladder and gall bladder. Two groups of departements appeared the nearest to the national levels for deaths from cancer for all body sites.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of misonidazole (Ro 07-0582) and radiation on the monooxygenases of liver microsomes of the rat].

Three groups of male Wistar rats were compared: one group received injections of Misonidazole (MISO) (200 mg/kg, i.p.), another group was treated by whole-body irradiation, and the third population received both treatments. Irradiation induced an important decrease of monooxygenase (O-demethylase) activity of hepatic microsomes seven days after the treatment. Cyt. P-450 levels hardly decreased, whereas lipid peroxidation was two-fold three days after irradiation. These different parameters were not modified neither after misonidazole treatment nor after association of irradiation and MISO regimen. The presence of oxygen in liver may explain that a radiosensitizer such as MISO does not increase irradiation damage on liver microsomes enzymes, oxygen preventive activation of MISO by radiation: the nitro groupment of MISO was not reduced in nitroso and amine compounds.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sickle-cell cardiomegaly in children. Study of 13 cases].

Thirteen children, aged 18 months to 14 years and presenting with sickle cell anemia and cardiomegaly (Cardiothoracic ratio greater than or equal to 0.55) were investigated by echocardiography and radio-isotopic measurement of the cardiac output. Eight children presented with one or several criteria of anemic cardiopathy: left ventricular dilatation and hyperkinesia, increased cardiac index. On the contrary, 2 children presented with left ventricular dilatation and decreased contractility, without increase in the cardiac index; 3 children presented with echocardiographic findings similar to those of controls and a normal cardiac index, which is unusual in cases with chronic anemia. These results show that the cardiovascular system of children with sickle cell anemia does not always behave as one would expect in chronic anemia. They also suggest the possible early occurrence of cardiomyopathy, as already described in adults with sickle cell anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Circumscribed non-tuberculous osteomyelitis in children. Apropos of 31 cases].

Over the last eight years (1975-1983) a total of 31 cases of circumscribed non-tuberculous osteomyelitis in children have been treated as against 21 cases of classical acute osteomyelitis, suggesting transformation of the mode of presentation of this disease. Lesions were located in the pelvis (8 cases), the calcaneum (3 cases) and the long bones (20 cases), the metaphysis being affected in the latter in 13 patients, the diaphysis in 4 and the epiphysis in three. Specific radiologic images for each location are defined. Clinical expression was subacute and signs of infection inconstant. Differential diagnosis is discussed in relation to each region involved, a positive diagnosis depending on clinical, biologic and radiologic findings, with the need for biopsy in case of doubt. The latter was necessary in 12 of the 31 children. Diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by the favorable outcome from treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the fate of misonidazole (RO 07-0582) and its metabolite desmethylmisonidazole (RO 05-9963), two hypoxic cell radiosensitizers: penetration properties in tumor bearing rats.

1. The hypoxic cell radiosensitizers misonidazole (RO 07-0582; Miso) and desmethylmisonidazole (RO 05-9963; Desmiso) were administered by the intraperitoneal route at a single dose of 250 mg/kg to Wistar rats bearing a chemo induced sarcoma. Plasma, tissues and urinary concentrations were measured by HPLC analysis. Pharmacokinetic parameters of the two drugs were compared. 2. The time for diffusion of both drugs in different tissues and the tumor was very short: plasmatic and tissular peak levels were obtained 10 to 30 min after injection. 3. Miso and Desmiso levels, measured in brain, reached 51% and 5% respectively of their plasma concentrations. This observation suggests that Desmiso may penetrate the central nervous system to a lesser extent than the parent compound. 4. No significant differences of both drug concentrations were observed between the central and the peripheral zone of the tumor. However, the half-life of nitroimidazole drugs in the center of tumor was much shorter than in the peripheral zone, demonstrating radiosensitizing properties. 5. Compared with Miso, a greater proportion of injected Desmiso is recovered in the urine: 34% for Desmiso and 22,5% for Miso.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Purification of a leucine aminopeptidase from Eimeria falciformis.

A leucine aminopeptidase was purified from the oocysts of Eimeria falciformis using affinity chromatography and gel filtration techniques. It had a molecular weight of 45-50 kDa. Its maximal activity against leucyl-p-nitro anilide was at pH 8.6. It is a metallo-enzyme highly inhibited by bestatin.

Animals↗