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Biomedical subjects

F Kozin

Publications and source records attributed to F Kozin.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. II. Roentgenographic and scintigraphic evidence of bilaterality and of periarticular accentuation.

Patchy osteoporosis is the primary roentgenologic manifestation of the reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS). As recent clinical and histologic data suggested articular changes in RSDS, fine-detail roentgenograms were obtained in eight consecutive patients. Juxta-articular and soft-tissue swelling, osteoporosis and erosions of the subchondral bone were found. 99mTcO4 and 99mTc-EHDP scintigraphy showed localization of nuclide predominantly in the juxta-articular tissues. Serial roentgenographic, scintigraphic and quantitative bone densitometric measurements showed changes that reflected the clinical course of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Radionuclide imaging of the bones and joints of the hand. A definition of normal and a comparison of sensitivity using 99mTc-pertechnetate and 99mTc-diphosphonate.

Normal radionuclide patterns of the hand obtained with 99mTcO4 and 99mTc-Sn-EHDP are described and their validity supported by clinical, radiographic, and laboratory examinations performed to exclude articular disease in the control group. Comparison of the 99mTcO4 and 99mTc-Sn-EHDP images in patients with various articular diseases demonstrated higher sensitivity of 99mTc-Sn-EHDP in detection of involved joints; this was also true when the radionuclide images were compared with fine-detail radiographs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. A comprehensive analysis using fine-detail radiography, photon absorptiometry, and bone and joint scintigraphy.

Nine patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy were examined. Clinical manifestations suggesting arthropathy were supported by radiographic demonstration of juxta-articular and subchondral bone erosions and by radionuclide demonstration of increased activity localized in the joint regions. Aggressive demineralization was demonstrated by fine-detail radiography and consisted of endosteal and intracortical excavation and subperiosteal and trabecular bone resorption. A one-third reduction in bone mineral was confirmed by quantitative analyses. Newer modalities of study have aided in the documentation of arthropathy in reflex sympathetic dystrophy and have helped in defining the patterns of aggressive bone resorption.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An overview of cellular and molecular mechanisms in cyrstal-induced inflammation.

In this account the authors have attempted to provide an introductory overview of the mechanisms of crystal-induced inflammation. More specific studies are given in other papers in this symposium. Like clinical gout itself, study of the sodium urate crystal has turned out to have a venerable heritage. Specific crystal identification has proved clinically useful.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adsorption of polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomal enzymes to monosodium urate crystals.

Monosodium urate (MSU) crystals induced prompt release of lysozyme, and slower release of beta-glucuronidase, alpha-mannosidase, and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. At increasing crystal concentrations, an increasing delay in the apparent onset of beta-glucuronidase release was detected which appears to be due to selective absorption of enzyme activities to the MSU crystals: beta-glucuronidase greater than LDH greater than alpha-mannosidase greater than lysozyme. Lysosomal enzyme adsorption by MSU crystals may then contribute to experimental error or may modulate gouty inflammation.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High prevalence of HLA-Cw1 and Cw2 antigens in spondylarthritis.

HLA-B27 is frequently, but not invariably, found in patients with spondylarthritic diseases. Recently it has been shown that HLA-C-locus antigens w1 and w2 (w1/2) are in linkage disequilibrium with B27. A group of 139 patients with seronegative arthritis or spondylitis has been studied to determine the clinical and radiographic features associated with these antigens. An increased frequency of spondylarthritis was present in HLA-B27-negative, Cw1/2-positive patients when compared with B27- and Cw1/2-negative patients (P less than 0.01). In addition, a large group of patients who did not fulfill accepted criteria for a specific spondylarthritic syndrome were identified; the frequency of both HLA-B27 and Cw1/2 was greater in these individuals than in healthy blood donors. Thus HLA-Cw1/2 are spondylitis-associated antigens. These findings suggest that the critical genetic locus is neither B27 nor Cw1/2 but is a closely linked gene.

Arthritis, Reactive↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanisms of cellular interaction with monosodium urate crystals. IgG-dependent and IgG-independent platelet stimulation by urate crystals.

Monosodium urate crystals (MSU) stimulate suspensions of washed platelets or neutrophils. When MSU crystals are coated with IgG, as occurs in plasma, stimulation is markedly enhanced. These studies which use MSU-induced human platelet serotonin secretion as a model examine the nature of cellular recognition mechanisms for MSU crystals and IgG-coated MSU crystals. F(ab')2 fragments of specific anti-Fc antibody blocked and the lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella minnesota R595 enhanced human platelet secretion induced by IgG-coated urate crystals. These agents had little effect on stimulation by uncoated crystals. This indicated that urate crystals stimulate platelets independently of fluid phase IgG. Urate crystals directly stimulated suspensions of washed rabbit platelets which lack Fc receptors. In contrast to human cells, stimulation was blocked by IgG. This again demonstrated IgG-independent cell stimulation by urate crystals. Calcium pyrophosphate dihyrate crystals could trigger human platelet secretion only when coated with IgG. This suggests that when crystals are coated with IgG, the surface-bound IgG alone may be the stimulus to the cell. This was supported by the finding that polyvinylpyridine-N-oxide, a hydrogen acceptor, blocked human platelet stimulation by uncoated, but not IgG-coated, urate crystals. These data indicate that urate crystals (and potentially other surface or particles) can stimulate a mediator cell by at least two mechanisms: by direct stimulation without the mediation of adsorbed IgG or, when coated with IgG, by triggering the cell via immunoglobulin receptors.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome: a review.

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome is a serious and potentially disabling condition. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to control the disorder and restore the patient's quality of life. The cardinal clinical features, radiological changes, etiopathologic advances, and current approaches to proper diagnosis and treatment will be discussed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte responses to monosodium urate crystals: modification by adsorbed serum proteins.

The effects of protein absorption to monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals on crystal-induced lysosomal enzyme release from human neutrophils were studied. Native crystals produced prompt release of both lysosomal and cytoplasmic enzymes, suggesting that they are directly membranolytic for the neutrophil. When albumin, IgM, or beta-lactoglobulin were adsorbed to MSU crystals, lysis was blocked and lysosomal enzyme release was negligible. Prior incubation of crystals with 20% human serum or adsorption of IgG resulted in inhibition of lysis but enhancement of lysosomal enzyme liberation. This non-cytolytic lysosomal enzyme release induced by IgG-coated crystals may be important in the pathogenesis of acute gouty arthritis.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A controlled study of group counseling in rheumatoid arthritis.

Group counseling and education were studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients were matched and randomly assigned to a control (CG) or experimental (EG) group. Each group attended an educational session but only the EG participated in 12 weekly group counseling sessions. A test of knowledge about RA and psychological tests were administered before and after these sessions. The EG improved their scores in 2 areas of self-concept and in factual knowledge. There was no increase in depression level. These results provide evidence that formal educational sessions and group counseling may be important in the management of patients with RA.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amyloid arthropathy: possible association with chondrocalcinosis.

Three patients with symptomatic articular or periarticular amyloidosis associated with chondrocalcinosis are reported. None of these patients had evidence of dysproteinemia which has been considered the primary predisposing factor in amyloid arthropathy. The clinical features of these patients are described and possible pathogenesis discussed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical significance of synovial fluid total hemolytic complement activity.

Total hemolytic complement (CH50) was measured in 174 synovial fluids (SF) to determine its diagnostic and and prognostic value. SF CH50 was reduced relative to serum CH50 in 61% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 60% of patients with crystal-induced arthritis. There was no correlation of SF CH50 levels with disease duration, SF leukocyte count, presence of IgM rheumatoid factor, or radiologic evidence of erosions.

Arthritis, Reactive↗