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Biomedical subjects

F Kozin

Publications and source records attributed to F Kozin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Kinetics of collagenase and neutral protease release by neutrophils exposed to microcrystalline sodium urate.

The rates of release of the various enzymes from PMN leukocytes exposed to MSU crystals were measured. Lysozyme and neutral protease appeared to be released simultaneously and release appeared to be essentially complete by 60 minutes. In contrast, collagenase was detected only after 30 minutes incubation, reached peak concentration at 90 minutes and dropped noticeably by 180 minutes. The presence of these enzymes was not due to cell lysis since only 10% of the total cellular LDH was present in the supernates. The levels of total and active collagenase in the supernatants were measured. In contrast to latent collagenase, active collagenase levels increased continually throughout the incubation period. The gradual increase in level of active collagenase may explain the corresponding drop of latent collagenase in the longer incubation (90 minutes or more) as the latter apparently is converted to active form. The effects of collagenase on Type I collagen were examined by SDS gel electrophoresis.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1981

"Milwaukee shoulder"--association of microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals, active collagenase, and neutral protease with rotator cuff defects. I. Clinical aspects.

Four women, aged 63 to 90 years old, presented with mildly painful shoulders of decreased mobility or stability. Radiographic evidence of a complete tear of the fibrous rotator cuff was present in 7 of 8 shoulder joints. Microspheroids containing hydroxyapatite crystals were seen by scanning electronmicroscopy in 12 of 13 synovial fluid samples. All synovial fluids showed activated collagenase and neutral protease activity. This constellation of findings represents a heretofore undescribed syndrome which we have designated "Milwaukee shoulder."

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of sacroiliitis.

Computed tomography (CT) and conventional radiography of the sacroiliac joint were compared in 43 patients. CT appeared to be far more sensitive and equally specific in the recognition of sacroiliitis. In a number of patients with sacroiliitis diagnosed by both techniques, CT demonstrated abnormalities that were not demonstrated by conventional radiographs. Of those patients with clinical evidence of sacroiliitis and HLA-B27 positivity, 50% had negative or equivocal radiographs compared to 19% who had negative computed tomographic images for sacroiliitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Radiographic changes in the hands following childhood frostbite injury.

Three young adult patients who had sustained severe frostbite of the hands as children were recently evaluated for progressive deformity and joint pain in the fingers. Characteristic radiographic abnormalities including dwarfing of the middle and distal phalanges, irregular and malapposed articular surfaces, malalignments at the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, and evidence of degenerative arthritis in the interphalangeal joints were observed. The metacarpal phalangeal joints and wrists were spared in all patients, and fingers which had been protected from the initial cold injury were similarly not affected. Articular abnormalities and phalangeal deformity are most likely due to direct chondrocyte injury following freezing, but microvascular damage may also contribute to abnormal cartilage growth. A history of severe frostbite as a child should alert the clinician to the possibility of finger deformity and arthritis developing years after the initial injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS). III. Scintigraphic studies, further evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of systemic corticosteroids, and proposed diagnostic criteria.

Sixty-four patients were evaluated prospectively for a reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS), using quantitative clinical measurements, high-resolution roentgenography and scintigraphy. Five separate groups were identified by their clinical features, allowing us to distinguish patients with definite or incomplete forms of the RSDS as well as 16 patients with other disorders. Scintigraphy was found to be a useful diagnostic study that may also provide a method of predicting therapeutic response. Systemic corticosteroid therapy proved to be a highly effective mode of treatment for up to 90 percent of the patients with the RSDS.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

Bone scintigraphy in the reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome.

Sixty-four consecutive patients were studied for possible reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS). They were divided into five groups, based upon specific clinical criteria, and the radiographic and scintigraphic findings in each group were examined. Osteoporosis was the most common radiographic abnormality, present in 69% of subjects with definite, probable, or possible RSDS, as compared with 21% opf those with RSDS. Scintigraphic abnormalities were noted in 60% of RSDS patients but in only 7% of the others. These findings included increased blood flow and enhanced periarticular radionuclide activity in the affected extremity. Of 11 patients with serial scintigraphy, six (55%) demonstrated a return to normal, symmetrical patterns following successful therapy. The scan may reflect an active, potentially reversible disorder of local blood flow in RSDS. Furthermore, the scintigraphic patterns may be useful in the diagnosis and in predicting which pattients are likely to respond to systemic steroid therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

CT of sacroiliitis.

Sacroiliitis is often difficult to diagnose with certainty using conventional radiographs and radionuclide scanning. Computed tomography was used to study the sacroiliac joints in 20 consecutive patients clinically suspected of having sacroiliitis on initial evaluation. Of these 20 patients, 17 fulfilled conventional clinical criteria for sacroiliitis; computed tomography demonstrated changes of sacroiliitis in 12 of these 17 patients. CT revealed no changes of sacroiliitis in the three patients who failed to meet conventional clinical criteria for sacroiliitis. Conventional radiography demonstrated diagnostic changes of sacroiliitis in only five patients. Seven patients with CT changes of sacroiliitis had equivocal or negative conventional films. CT therefore seems superior to conventional radiography in detecting sacroiliitis.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1980

Indomethacin-induced hyperkalemia in three patients with gouty arthritis.

We describe three patients in whom severe, life-threatening hyperkalemia and renal insufficiency developed after treatment of acute gouty arthritis with indomethacin. This complication may result from an inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and consequent hyporeninemic hypoaidosteronism. Careful attention to renal function and potassium balance in patients receiving indomethacin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, particularly in those patients with diabetes mellitus or preexisting renal disease, will help prevent this potentially serious complication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Synovial origins of Rice bodies in joint fluid.

Rice bodies and synovia obtained from knee joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients were solubilized by limited pepsin treatment. The quantity of each type of collagen in both tissues was determined by differential salt precipitation, cyanogen bromide peptide analysis, and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Rice bodies and synovial membrane contained equal proportions of Type I and III collagens with trace amounts of Type "A-B" collagen.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1980

Cutaneous vascular immunofluorescence in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation with circulating immune complexes and vasculitis.

The presence of immunoglobulin and complement in the cutaneous blood vessels of clinically uninvolved forearm skin was studied in 70 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, using immunofluorescent techniques. Patients with evidence of these immune deposits had a greater prevalence of circulating immune complexes, vasculitic skin lesions, subcutaneous nodules, high titer rheumatoid factor and other findings suggestive of active vasculitis. Biopsy of uninvolved forearm skin may be a useful tool in assessing those patients with rheumatoid arthritis suspected of having a systemic vasculitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Identification of collagen subtypes in synovial fluid sediments from arthritic patients.

Collagen fibers in synovial fluid sediment were described a decade ago. Since then, tissue-specific collagen molecules (types) have been characterized. Techniques were devised to identify the collagen types in joint fluid sediment. Collagens were found in 12 of 17 pellets prepared from fluid aspirates from 17 knee joints of patients with various forms of arthritis. Collagen types I and III and polypeptide chains A and B (basement membrane collagen) were specifically identified in four of seven fluids from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in a single fluid from a patient with severe septic arthritis. This "collagen profile" was identical to that of rheumatoid synovium. Type II collagen, characteristic of hyaline articular cartilage, was found in two of six fluids from osteoarthritic joints. The presence of sufficient collagen (about 5 micrograms) to permit typing was correlated with roentgenographic evidence of joint space narrowing; the presence of the "synovial" collagen profile was correlated with decreased joint fluid pH.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1980

A comparison of the sensitivities and specificities of different substrates for the fluorescent antinuclear antibody test.

Six different commercially available substrates for fluorescent antinuclear antibody (FANA) testing were compared with mouse liver, using a panel of well--characterized sera. Mouse liver sections and cultured HEP2 cells appeared to be most sensitive and specific. Although most substrates were acceptable, several were quite insensitive. These results underscore the importance of substrate performance in FANA testing.

Amnion↗
PubMed1980

Molecular orientation of immunoglobulin G adsorbed to microcrystalline monosodium urate monohydrate.

The adsorption of IgG to microcrystalline MSU was studied to determine its potential biologic importance in gouty inflammation. IgG showed high-affinity binding isotherms, suggesting monomolecular adsorption at concentrations of IgG found in inflammatory synovial effusions and possible surface aggregation at higher concentrations. Crystals previously exposed to a variety of other proteins showed no reduction in IgG binding or a modest one. And co-incubation of IgG with other proteins reduced IgG adsorption to only a modest extent. Highly anionic substances such as hyaluronate or PVPNO enhanced IgG binding to crystals. Studies of the functional orientation of adsorbed IgG, by using molecular probes, indicated that the Fc portion of the molecule was fully exposed, suggesting that the sites of attachment to crystal surface residue on the Fab moiety of IgG.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1979

Quantification of human plasma inorganic pyrophosphate. I. Normal values in osteoarthritis and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease.

The methodologic variables of the UDPG pyrophosphorylase method for analysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) levels in biologic fluids are described. Use of a tourniquet in collection of blood specimens elevated plasma PPi levels from 35% to 55% above control values and may explain the differences in published normal values. The sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate used to prepare the standard solution lost 8 waters of hydration after dessication, which could result in the calculation of spuriously elevated PPi levels. Normal plasma PPi concentration was 2.18 muM with a range (95% confidence limits) of 0.58-3.78 muM. Comparison of plasma PPi in normal subjects, patients with primary osteoarthritis, and patients with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease revealed no significant intergroup differences.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1979

Quantification of human plasma inorganic pyrophosphate. II. Biologic variables.

Plasma inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) levels rose predictably (28%) after vigorous systemic exercise and returned to baseline values after 30 minutes of rest. Plasma PPi levels were greater (36%) in femoral venous blood than in femoral arterial blood. Forearm muscular exercise, however, did not result in a detectable rise in plasma PPi levels in antecubital veins. The physiologic reasons for both the systemic exercise effect and the arteriovenous differences remain unknown. Measurement of plasma PPi for 10 consecutive days in a single normal subject under basal conditions, where these and other previously identified biologic variables (fasting and diurnal variation) were controlled, showed a coefficient of variation of 12.7%. Thus biologic variability contributed less to observed variation in plasma PPi than did methodologic errors (coefficient of variation of method = 8%). The striking reproducibility of plasma PPi in this subject suggests that this important metabolite is under rather tight homeostatic control.

Calcium Pyrophosphate↗
PubMed1979

Identification of specific antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens by passive immunodiffusion.

Extractable nuclear antigens have been identified in a number of systemic rheumatic diseases and may be useful in differentiating those with overlapping clinical features. A number of detection systems have been described but technical feasibility and sensitivity have limited widespread application. We describe a simple immunodiffusion method to identify extractable nuclear antigens with high specificity and sensitivity that compares favorably with parallel hemagglutination studies. This method can be applied easily to routine analysis of antinuclear antigens.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗