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Biomedical subjects

F Kohler

Publications and source records attributed to F Kohler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Comparative circulatory studies during implantation of total endoprostheses using methylmethacrylate and BDF cement].

In every ten patients undergoing elective surgery for total hip prosthesis methylmethacrylate and BDF cement respectively were used for the implantation of the prosthesis. The results of the haemodynamic investigation demonstrate that improvement of the surgical procedure may reduce the incidence of haemodynamic parameters: After implantation of methylmethacrylate into the femoral shaft the arterial pressure decreased from 95.9 +/- 13 to 86 +/- 11 torr (P less than 0.05); the left ventricular stroke work index dropped from 49.9 +/- 5 to 42.1 +/- 7 g.m/m2 (P less than 0.01). While total peripheral resistance decreased slightly in the methylmethacrylate group, there was a small increase after implantation of BDF cement into the femoral shaft. In both groups, however we found a slight elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance after cement implantation into the femur. The determination of the serum concentration of the cement monomer did not yield any measurable serum concentrations. Heat production by polymerisation of BDF cement (maximum 45.8 +/- 6.5 Centigrade) was much less compared with the temperature which developed during the polymerisation of methylmethacrylate (maximum 63 +/- 16.4 Centigrade); therefore, the safety of clinical application seems to be greater with the new BDF cement.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of 5 reflectance meters for capillary blood glucose determination.

Manufacturing quality, accuracy and users opinion (i.e. medical and nurses staff and patients) were compared among five Destrostix reading reflectance-meters for home-blood-glucose-monitoring. Two machines (dextrometer and glucometer) equipped with microprocessors, integrated circuits and good quality wiring are best made. Reflectance-meter capillary blood glucose measurements were found to be accurate enough for home-blood-glucose-monitoring, compared to a reference method. However, two machines from the same brand were different in blood glucose accuracy. Glucocheck had poorest results. Users prefer small sized, battery powered machines. Glucometer appears to be best suited to home-blood-glucose-monitoring.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1981

[The penetration of moxalactam into bone (author's transl)].

After injection of 2 g of moxalactam over 5 minutes in 8 patients with mean age of 71,5 years, serum halflife was found to be T 50% beta = 184 min and the volume of distribution at steady state VDSS = 17,45l, whereas these figures in volunteers with mean age of 22.8 years were T 50% beta = 134 min and VDSS 16,80l respectively. The concentrations in organic bone were 30 to 60 min after injection of 2 g of Moxalactam 19,40 mg/l with a deviation factor of 1,43 and 61 to 120 min after injection 19,08 mg/l with a deviation factor of 1,16. The problems of penetration of antibiotics into bone are discussed. Moxalactam does not penetrate into anorganic bone (hydroxylapatite).

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Porta-biliary area modifications during the graft-versus-host reaction in chick embryo and rat fetus].

Our results (light and electron microscopic study) show that both in chick embryos engrafted with fowl homologous spleen cells and in rat fetuses receiving blood cells from their own mother (homologous system) histologic changes occur in porta-biliary areas consisting in paravascular infiltrates (P.V.I.), bile ducts disorganization and periportal hepatocyte alterations. These modifications are closely similar to those described in other post-natal Graft Versus Host Reaction models. Yet, in both cases, the cells of the P.V.I. are chiefly of the granulocytic serie instead of the classical lymphoïd P.V.I.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Transplacental passage of cells from mother to fetus: experimental approach and initial results in the rat].

The consequences of transfusion across the placenta of maternal cells to fetuses, supposed to elicit a Graft-Versus-Host-Reaction, are poorly investigated; the injection of pregnant rat whole blood cells to its own fetuses is proposed here as a convenient experimental model to improve the understanding of these consequences; indeed this technic is reliable as well as easy enough to carry out experiments on large samples. Preliminary results indicate that the injection is often followed by a runting disease, a thymic atrophy and a liver hypertrophy; splenomegaly does not occur. On the histologic level, the main features are as follows 1) modification of central lymphoïd organs, 2) blastic and/or granulocytic infiltrates of several other organs, namely the liver, the adrenal cortex and the thyroïd gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Modifications in chick embryo peripheral blood following graft of hen spleen fragments. I. Effects on blood volume].

After adjusting to embryonic material a method, generally used in Man, for the blood volume measurement (dilution of radio-iodinated 131I human albumin) it was possible to determine that the grafting on the chorioallantois membrane of homologous adult spleen fragments provoke a blood volume augmentation in the host embryo. The rate of this increasing, which seems to be partly caused by a blood dilution, and the spleen enhancement intensity are highly linked.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Conditions affecting the application of the method of determining blood volume by the injection of labeled (iodine 131) serum albumin to small animals (chick embryo)].

The isotopic dilution method is really suitable for the determination of blood volume in small animals. The main purpose of this study is to find the limits of measuring errors made during the injection procedures (injected volumes about one microliter) and the sampling of blood (blood samples less than one milliliter). After evaluation of the extravascular rate of diffusion of the radioactive iodinated human serum-albumin, the blood volume of the 17 days incubated chick embryo is measured by this method for control purposes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Splenomegaly reaction of the chick embryo following chorio-allantoid graft of chicken-spleen fragments].

The spleen enhancement reaction of the chick embryo, following the insertion (grafting or injection procedure) of homologous spleen cells is one of the results of the graft-versus-host reaction (G.V.H. reaction). Irrespective of the usual kinds of G.V.H. reaction measured, it has been proved that the relation between the number of immuno competent cells and the reaction intensity is linear. Our study shows that the relation is not the same when the chorio-allantois membrane grafting procedure is used instead of injection into the veins. However, two facts remain unchanged 1) the minimal amount of spleen cells sufficient to provoke a spleen enhancement is low, 2) there is a link between the number of homologous spleen cells and the rate of spleen enhancement, but in this case it was not shown to be linear. In the light of this, the role played by the chorio-allantois membrane is being debated.

Allantois↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Applications of a simple system of aid to medical decision-making with various patients in internal medicine: SELF].

Many medical decision helping systems are very complex and require expensive computers, which restricts their diffusion and limits their use to specialized people. The idea was to find a simplified system that any practitioner--even unaccustomed to microcomputing--would be able to use. Moreover, this system had to work on widely available and inexpensive microcomputers. SELF (system in fuzzy set) is this kind of system. It has been devised as a complete interactive system of medical decision help. It is entirely parameterized, allows any kind of application and works according to such rules as "if there is premise, then there is conclusion", tempered by a coefficient. The bases of knowledge are represented on a correspondence chart where columns materialize the premises (clinical signs, laboratory results, etc.) and horizontal lines all the diagnoses and therapeutic conclusions. The system includes proceedings that create, modify and update basic knowledge. It uses the fuzzy set rules to draw conclusions. SELF was first applied to the prescription of contraceptive methods, but it has now been tested in other specialties, such as gynaecology, pneumology, haematology and so forth. In every case, the reliability of the results obtained depends on the bases chosen by the creator himself. Owing to the general character of the system, one may regard it as being open to any user who would like to create his own applications.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[1 alpha 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) and malignant hemopathies. Decreased serum levels in acute leukemia: preliminary results].

We used the Amersham radioimmunological method to measure plasma 1 alpha 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) levels in patients presenting with one of the following diseases: (i) non-acute myelodysplastic syndrome (39 cases); (ii) acute myeloid leukaemia in blastic phase (43 cases) or in complete remission (15 cases) and (iii) acute lymphoid leukaemia in blastic phase (11 cases). All patients had normal metabolic functions. Compared with our standard laboratory values (15-35 pg/ml), the results of these assays were related to the type of pathology or, in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia, to the stage of the disease (p less than 0.001). Moreover, the mean plasma calcitriol values differed according to the type of pathology (p less than 0.003). Patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in blastic phase had a low level of calcitriol as compared with controls (p less than 0.05) and with patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in complete remission (p less than 0.001) whose calcitriol levels were never low. In contrast, there was no significant difference between controls and patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute lymphoid leukaemia in blastic phase. This study demonstrates the usefulness of plasma calcitriol assays in malignant blood diseases where low values in certain types of leukaemia would incite to include calcitriol in therapeutic regimens.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A Web terminology server using UMLS for the description of medical procedures.

The Model for Assistance in the Orientation of a User within Coding Systems (MAOUSSC) project has been designed to provide a representation for medical and surgical procedures that allows several applications to be developed from several viewpoints. It is based on a conceptual model, a controlled set of terms, and Web server development. The design includes the UMLS knowledge sources associated with additional knowledge about medico-surgical procedures. The model was implemented using a relational database. The authors developed a complete interface for the Web presentation, with the intermediary layer being written in PERL. The server has been used for the representation of medico-surgical procedures that occur in the discharge summaries of the national survey of hospital activities that is performed by the French Health Statistics Agency in order to produce inpatient profiles. The authors describe the current status of the MAOUSSC server and discuss their interest in using such a server to assist in the coordination of terminology tasks and in the sharing of controlled terminologies.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the Unified Medical Language System as a medical knowledge source.

OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated the use of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) as a medical knowledge source for the representation of medical procedures in the MAOUSSC system. DESIGN: MAOUSSC, a multiaxial coding system, was used for the representation of 1500 procedures from 15 clinical specialties, using UMLS concepts (augmented by full sources for three new vocabularies being added to the UMLS) and relationships whenever possible. Evaluation criteria for the UMLS included (1) completeness of representation of concepts and of inter-concept relationships, (2) consistency in the categorization of both concepts and inter-concept relationships, and (3) usability, including adaptability of the UMLS to a foreign language (French), its suitability to a geographic region with different medical practices than the USA, and issues relative to the annual update changes in the test vocabularies. RESULTS: During the MAOUSSC trial, the number of missing concepts or relationships identified in the augmented UMLS sources was deemed to be inconsequential relative to overall project goals. "Missing" UMLS inter-concept relationships were identified, although they were small in number. Some inconsistencies in the UMLS were noted, especially in the area of hierarchic relationships. CONCLUSION: After UMLS was used for five years as a knowledge source for representing 1500 complex medical procedures in MAOUSSC, its value is considered significant. Future editions of the UMLS are expected to improve representation of inter-concept relationships and global consistency.

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