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Biomedical subjects

F Kelly

Publications and source records attributed to F Kelly.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

A comparison of an atypical and typical antipsychotic, zotepine versus haloperidol in patients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia: a parallel-group double-blind trial.

The atypical antipsychotic zotepine was compared to haloperidol in 126 patients suffering from acute exacerbation of schizophrenia (DSM-III-R) in a randomized, double-blind study. After 8-weeks, 150 to 300 mg zotepine improved scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) more than 10 to 20 mg haloperidol (-17.03 versus -13.45; 95%CI for zotepine-haloperidol -9.34/2.04). BPRS subscores and Clinical Global impressions (CGI) Severity and improvement subscales showed comparable gains, but scores on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) improved significantly more with zotepine (-23.82) than haloperidol (-15.15; P < .05; 95%CI for zotepine haloperidol -18.03/-0.18). Adverse events were reported by 71 percent of zotepine and 78 percent of haloperidol patients. Extrapyramidal side effect (EPMS) scores decreased with zotepine (-0.34) but increased with haloperidol (+2.32; P < .05). Seven haloperidol patients reported akathisia but no zotepine patients did (p < .05). Uric acid reductions (which appear to have no clinical consequence) and transient raised liver enzymes were recorded with zotepine. Weight increased on zotepine (2.32 kg; P < .001) and a small increase in pulse rate occurred (P < .05). Both drugs were effective in reducing positive symptoms of schizophrenia; zotepine was significantly more effective against negative symptoms and reduced EPMS.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Chronic occult intra-alveolar hemorrhage: a rare cause of failure to respond to erythropoietin.

Recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) is an effective and safe therapy for correction of anemia in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Clinical trials reported to date suggest that EPO improves anemia in over 90% of hemodialysis patients with anemia (Eschbach 1989). Factors which have been identified that appear to inhibit the effectiveness of EPO are infection [Muirhead N et al. 1990], iron deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, aluminium excess [Casati 1991] and persistent GIT bleeding. The development of reticulocytosis in response to EPO in the absence of a rise in hematocrit should alert the clinician to the possibility of either hemolysis or occult blood loss. We present a case in which, despite the development of a reticulocytosis of 5% in response to EPO and the absence of hemolysis, we had difficulty in identifying the presumed source of blood loss.

Anemia↗
PubMed1992

Induction of hepatic and pulmonary caeruloplasmin gene expression in developing guinea pigs following premature delivery.

We have previously shown that mRNA for caeruloplasmin, the serum copper-binding protein, is not expressed in guinea-pig liver prior to birth and expression increases rapidly following parturition. To further study the regulation of caeruloplasmin in neonatal animals we have used 3-day preterm guinea pigs, delivered by caesarean section, to investigate mRNA expression in liver and lung. Within 12 h of premature birth, hepatic caeruloplasmin mRNA levels are significantly increased and remain elevated by 72 h. This induction of expression is accompanied by an increase in circulating levels of holoprotein. Even greater induction of caeruloplasmin mRNA was observed in premature animals maintained in 95% oxygen for 72 h, confirming an acute-phase response in prematurity. Studies of lung RNA showed that caeruloplasmin mRNA is expressed throughout development, with highest levels observed in adult lung. In the premature animals levels were significantly elevated 12 h after delivery, but then fell by 72 h to below those seen in normal term lung. Hyperoxia did not influence the pulmonary mRNA levels.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Basic fibroblast growth factor stimulates myelopoiesis in long-term human bone marrow cultures.

We previously showed that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent mitogen for human bone marrow (BM) stromal cells and significantly delays their senescence. In the present study, we demonstrated that low concentrations of bFGF (0.2 to 2 ng/mL) enhance myelopoiesis in long-term human BM culture. Addition of bFGF to long-term BM cultures resulted in an increase in (a) the number of nonadherent cells (sixfold), particularly those of the neutrophil granulocyte series; (b) the number of nonadherent granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-responsive progenitor cells; (c) the number of adherent foci of hematopoietic cells (10-fold); and (d) the number of progenitor cells in the adherent stromal cell layer. These effects were not noted with higher concentrations of bFGF (20 ng/mL). Thus, low concentrations of bFGF effectively augment myelopoiesis in human long-term BM cultures, and bFGF may therefore be a regulator of the hematopoietic system in vitro and in vivo.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1991

The prevalence of dementia in a total population: a comparison of two screening instruments.

Two short screening tests for dementia, the Information/Orientation (IO) sub-test of the Clifton Assessment Scale (CAPE) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were included in a survey of 1579 elderly people of a large general practice. All those scoring 21 and under on the MMSE, a one in two sample of those scoring 22, 23 and a one in ten sample of the remainder were investigated further using the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the elderly (CAMDEX). The prevalences of moderate to severe dementia and mild to severe dementia determined from the CAMDEX interview were 4.8% and 14.2%, respectively. For detection of moderate to severe dementia, a cut-point of 21/22 on the MMSE gave a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 85% and an overall prevalence of 19.7%; mild to severe dementia was best detected by a cut-point of 23/24 giving a sensitivity of 89%, specificity of 81% and prevalence of 28.5%. A cut-point of 7/8 on the IO sub-test gave a sensitivity and specificity for detecting moderate to severe dementia of 87% and 97%, respectively, with a prevalence of 7.3%; for mild to severe dementia a cut-point of 10/11 gave a sensitivity of 67%, specificity of 94% and prevalence of 14.7%.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Zopiclone.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Azabicyclo Compounds↗
PubMed1987

Bacterial chemotaxis. Cell flux model, parameter measurement, population dynamics, and genetic manipulation.

In this paper, we summarized our recent efforts toward accomplishing four key goals important for control of microbial population dynamics in nonmixed systems: (1) derivation of a cell population flux model based on individual cell properties; (2) measurement of the population random motility and chemotaxis parameters appearing in this model using a simple experimental assay; (3) quantitative understanding of the effects of cell motility and chemotaxis properties on microbial population dynamics; and (4) manipulation of chemotactic responses by genetic modification.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

Immortalization of early embryonic cell derivatives after the transfer of the early region of simian virus 40 into F9 teratocarcinoma cells.

F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells were transformed using a recombinant plasmid carrying simian virus 40 (SV40) early genes linked to the promoter-enhancer region of the early transcription unit 1A (E1A) of adenovirus type 5. One clone of transformed cells, F9-K4B2, contained several integrated copies of the plasmid and expressed SV40 early genes (T antigens) only when it was induced to differentiate in vitro by the addition of retinoic acid and dibutyryl-cAMP. From the cell population positive for T antigen, it is possible to isolate permanent cell lines with high efficiency. Most of these cells exhibit stable traits that are characteristic of parietal endoderm. We also obtained another cell type which did not express the specific markers of either undifferentiated EC cells or endoderm cells; this type might represent a different stage of commitment in the differentiation of F9 cells. All clones are tumorigenic when injected into irradiated syngeneic mice, and they maintain their phenotype after successive passages in vivo as well as in vitro. The introduction of SV40 early genes into other EC cell lines and early mouse embryos appears to be a promising approach for the immortalization of early embryonic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Flow cytometry isolation and improved visualization of sorted mouse chromosomes. Purification of chromosomes X and ISO-1 from cell lines with Robertsonian translocations.

While analysis and sorting of human chromosomes by flow cytometry has been widely used, isolation of a pure mouse chromosome remains very difficult, since most murine chromosomes are quite similar in size. To overcome this problem, we have analysed mouse cell lines having either Robertsonian translocations or isochromosomes. The resulting metacentric chromosomes are very different in size and in morphology from normal mouse acrocentric chromosomes. These characteristics have been analysed by computer-monitored flow cytometry, facilitated by improvements in the chromosome extraction procedure. Signals characteristic of the iso-lq chromosome in cell line PCC4 azaR1, and of the normal X chromosome in the mouse strain 22CD have thus been obtained. These chromosomes have been sorted and can be easily recognized by fluorescence microscopy when collected onto serum-albumin-coated microscope slides. The technical modifications made, coupled with the existence of a great diversity of metacentric chromosomes resulting from Robertsonian translocations, should allow the purification of a number of different mouse chromosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Susceptibility of group B streptococci to 16 beta-lactam antibiotics, including new penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives.

The susceptibility of 100 group B streptococci to 16 beta-lactam antibiotics was tested by agar dilution. Penicillin G and N-formimidoyl thienamycin were the most active agents tested, both having a 90% minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC90) of 0.06 microgram/ml. Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefamandole, and SCH 29482 were almost as active, all having an MIC90 of 0.12 microgram/ml, and ampicillin, cephalothin, and mezlocillin all had an MIC90 of 0.25 microgram/ml. The MIC90 for piperacillin, cefoperazone, and ceftazidime was 0.5 microgram/ml. Least active were carbenicillin, ticarcillin, cefoxitin, and moxalactam, with MIC90s of 1, 2, 4, and 8 micrograms/ml, respectively. No penicillin-tolerant strains were detected.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Karyologically identified homozygous tw18 embryos: extrauterine growth properties and transformation by SV40.

A method for identifying individual embryos from crosses segregating homozygous t lethals using the marker chromosome Rb7 is described and applied to the tw18 haplotype. In contrast to wild-type and heterozygous littermates, homozygous tw18/tw18 6 and 8 day embryos have very limited growth potentialities in vitro. When transplanted under the testis capsule, homozygous tw18 embryos (3, 6 and 7 day) produce teratomas at a much lower efficiency than heterozygous and wild-type embryos, and the rare teratomas thus obtained have limited growth potentialities when cultured in vitro. Upon transformation with SV40, however, permanent lines of cells of mesodermal origin, capable of myoblastic or adipocytic differentiation, have been obtained. This shows that the effect of the mutation on cell growth can be overcome by SV40 transformation.

Animals↗