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Biomedical subjects

F Keller

Publications and source records attributed to F Keller.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Radiological aspects of cerebral and spinal cysticercosis. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two cases of neurocysticercosis are reported, one cerebral and the other spinal. Results of radiologic imaging of this affection, a rare parasitosis in occidental Europe, are discussed with emphasis on computed tomography findings. In fact, when perfect conditions can be established the CT scan provides data confirming the diagnosis of cerebral cysticercosis in most cases. However, this scan is insufficient for investigation of ventricular or cisternal forms when gas or positive contrast is sometimes necessary for visualization of parasitic cysts. Radiologic diagnosis of extra- and intra-medullary forms is based an myelography with water-soluble contrast completed by a scan.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Biocompatibility of implants with and without fluorohydrocarbon glow polymer coating. 4. Recommendations for the histocompatibility (repair) index for the evaluation of various implant materials].

The measurement of the thickness of the fibrous capsula around implant materials to different titmes and the material dependent speed of the subsidence process of the tissue reaction were formed to an index. The derivation of the index is described by a course study with 4 materials about 5 periods. The determination of the index is represented simply mathematically and also delineating-geometrically. The index should be determined between 50 and 200 days, better between 90 and 150 days. Individual wound reactions superimpose the material effect before and the final state of the tissue reaction hinders the speed interpretation of the quickness of subsidence prgcess after this period.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Morbidity of patients with analgesic-associated nephropathy and end-stage renal failure.

In our haemodialysis centre patients (n = 144), we compared 48 aspects of morbidity in patients with analgesic-associated nephropathy (AAN) and patients with other kidney diseases to determine the presence of characteristic diagnostic features of AAN in addition to a history of habitual analgesic intake. The comparison between 48 AAN patients and the control patients revealed statistically significant differences (p less than 0.05) with regard to myocardial infarction (25% vs 7%), angina pectoris (63% vs 32%), atrial fibrillation (21% vs 4%), arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremity (52% vs 33%), anaemia (mean haemoglobin, 8.38 vs 9.16 g/dl), renal osteodystrophy (67% vs 41%), carpal tunnel syndrome (23% vs 7%), peptic ulcers and erosive gastritis (54% vs 23%), colonic diverticula (15% vs 4%), and haemorrhoids (67% vs 28%). AAN patients therefore have significantly higher morbidity with a characteristic pattern than do patients with other renal diseases.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1985

[Fine-structure roentgen analysis for the determination of gallstone components].

Results of the determination of the chemical composition of human gallstones using X-ray diffraction method are reported. With simple handling it is possible beside identification of some other components to distinguish stones rich or poor in cholesterol already for smallest amounts of sample (greater than or equal to 10 mg, for instance endoscopically obtained material). This is significant with respect to the conservative medicamental therapy of lysis.

Calcium↗
PubMed1984

Slice cultures confirm the presence of cholinergic neurons in the rat habenula.

The opinion that the medial habenular nuclei contain cholinergic perikarya has recently been questioned, mainly on the basis of the difficulty to detect choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity in cell bodies of these nuclei. We decided therefore to determine ChAT activity in long-term cultures of the embryonal rat habenula. In these cultures, all extrinsic fiber systems are expected to degenerate a few days after explanation. ChAT activity increased markedly during the first 3 weeks. Control cultures of adjacent thalamic tissue, which is devoid of intrinsic cholinergic neurons, displayed a 150-fold lower ChAT activity. Immunocytochemical staining with a monoclonal antibody revealed the presence of tightly packed, ChAT-containing cell bodies in the habenular slices. These two findings, together with the observation that habenular cultures show an extensive outgrowth of acetylcholinesterase-containing fibers, lead us to the conclusion that at least some cholinergic perikarya must be present in the habenular nuclei.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

[Carpal tunnel syndrome, a late complication in chronic hemodialysis].

145 patients on haemodialysis for 1 month to 16 years were examined for carpal tunnel syndrome. Typical signs and symptoms of the syndrome, mostly in both hands but more pronounced on one side, were seen in 21 patients (15%). In these cases carpal tunnel syndrome was frequently (19%) accompanied by Raynaud's phenomenon of the digits supplied by the median nerve. There was a significant correlation between the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome and the duration of dialysis. The association of carpal tunnel syndrome with analgesic nephropathy was significantly higher than with other kidney diseases. Immediate relief of pain was achieved after carpal tunnel release in eight patients (11 hands). Sensory and motor function was gradually, but often only partially, restored. Unoperated carpal tunnel syndrome progressed to loss of sensory and motor function within 1 to 4 years after onset of symptoms. Carpal tunnel syndrome should be considered an important late complication of chronic haemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Trial for digitalis withdrawal in hemodialysis patients].

The indication for digitalis treatment was investigated in a controlled and prospective study lasting 12 months in 110 patients on long-term haemodialysis. In ten patients, digitalis was needed because of tachyarrhythmia due to atrial fibrillation and in five because of recurrent pulmonary edema. In 57 patients receiving digitoxin, therapy was discontinued for 4 to 6 weeks, whereas 13 patients not yet treated with digitalis, received digitoxin for 4 weeks. Without digitoxin, trial fibrillation occurred in 4 patients, while no patient experienced atrial fibrillation with digitoxin (P = 0.002). In 13 patients, radiological findings (heart enlargement, pulmonary congestion) were better with digitoxin than without. Thus digitoxin appeared to be clearly indicated in 29% of the haemodialysed patients. Additionally, digitalis was indicated in 31 patients because of heart enlargement, pulmonary congestion and (or) previous pulmonary edema. Initially, 76% of the patients were receiving digitoxin, whereas, after the investigation, the rate was only 57% (P less than 0.001). The prospective frequency of clinically apparent digitoxin intoxication was low (3%) and so were the overall toxic plasma digitoxin levels (5%). Digitalis should be given deliberately but not restrictively to haemodialysis patients, since atrial fibrillation (13%) and heart failure (50%) are frequent and often concealed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

In vitro cytostatic properties of unactivated rat Kupffer cells.

Kupffer cells from the liver of normal rats were checked for their natural cytostatic capabilities using an in vitro target cell growth inhibition assay. A strong cytostatic effect was observed on an human tumor cell line and was shown to be exerted on various transformed or normal target cells with only small differences in their susceptibility. The inhibition of target cell proliferation was shown to depend on the effector/target cell ratio. Different experimental data suggest that an intimate membranal contact between Kupffer cells and target cells is required.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Uterine rupture associated with the use of vaginal prostaglandin E2 suppositories.

The authors present an obstetrical case of silent uterine rupture due to prostaglandin E2 vaginal suppositories. Although this complication has been reported in the obstetrical literature, lack of attention to it in the anaesthesia literature, causes us to call this problem to the attention of anaesthetists.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1984

Complications of embolization treatment for problem cavernous hemangiomas.

Radiologists trained in selective angiography can now deliver sclerosing or occluding materials to the arterial supply of vascular tumors. Such skills require special training and there are limitations to the use of these materials. Specific obliteration can be carried out if this technique is quality controlled. Materials being used for embolization are continually being studied and are changing as new materials are developed. Radiologists can assist surgeons in managing some of these very difficult problems. A large series of patients with various vascular lesions treated at the Oregon Health Sciences University was reviewed. The complications of embolization used for cavernous hemangiomas have tempered our enthusiasm for it as an adjunct form of therapy. We do feel that this method of treatment remains useful in selected cases. The occlusion achieved caused a decrease in both symptoms and size of lesions treated. The decrease in size excluded the need for surgery in 3 cases, aided resection in 1, but caused significant complicating slough in 1. Five cases are presented to demonstrate problems of tissue necrosis encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Self-healing strategies among schizophrenics: attempts at compensation for basic disorders.

New experimental findings show that schizophrenics, as well as some of their non-schizophrenic relatives, manifest basic cognitive disorders defined in terms of variables from the field of experimental psychology. These basic disorders can be regarded as markers--if not, indeed, as psychological manifestations--of vulnerability to schizophrenia. They can be associated with subjectively experienced forms of non-clinically manifest impairments in psychological functioning. It was therefore hypothesised that schizophrenics, as well as non-schizophrenic subjects vulnerable to schizophrenia, will, in the course of learning processes, develop compensatory efforts which may be more or less effective. It is assumed that effective efforts of this kind will take on special significance in stress situations which would tend to elicit the occurrence of a schizophrenic episode. Effective efforts at compensation for basic disorders should be able to act as a 'buffer' against negative stressor effects (moderator function), thus reducing the danger of a psychotic breakdown. These compensation efforts were studied in 40 inpatients in remission after an acute schizophrenic episode. It was found that significant correlations exist between the extent of subjectively experienced basic disorders and the number and kind of conscious compensation attempts. Although the findings to date are of a preliminary and purely descriptive nature they would seem to justify further research.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacotherapy of agitational states in psychiatric gerontology: double-blind study: febarbamat-pipamperon.

The effects of febarbamat and pipamperon on agitational and aggressive states of patients with diffuse psycho-organic syndrome were compared in a double-blind study on patients over 60 years of age requiring nursing care. Such disorders, particularly in the field of psychiatric gerontology, represent an increasing problem. The neuroleptic agents hitherto prescribed for such agitational states are not only beset with serious side-effects (predyskinesia, drug-induced Parkinson syndrome, sedentary restlessness, postdyskinesia), but particularly with an unwanted suppression of the patients' reactions. It was therefore of particular interest to find out if febarbamat showed an equally good therapeutic effect on aggressive and agitational states, without causing these side-effects (especially suppression of cognitive performance). This could have a positive effect on social and other therapeutic activities. The test substances were therapeutically comparable in their effect on agitational and aggressive states. On the psychological level, febarbamat showed superiority in the cognitive performance parameters.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Prostaglandin E2 promotes hypotension on low-sodium hemodialysis.

The influence of low-sodium dialysate (126 mmol/l) on plasma levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGF2 alpha, plasma renin activity (PRA) and arterial blood pressure was investigated in 16 patients on maintenance hemodialysis. PGE2 rose more than tenfold and there was a significant increase in PGF2 alpha and PRA. Mean arterial pressure dropped by 30 mm Hg causing discomfort in several patients. By contrast, conventional hemodialysis against 140 mmol/l of sodium was followed by less pronounced changes in plasma prostaglandins, and reduction of blood pressure was moderate (13 mm Hg). It is suggested that vasodilating prostaglandins may contribute to dialysis hypotension. Their origin may not be confined to the kidneys but rather extend to the lungs and circulating blood cells. The in vitro generation of prostaglandins was demonstrated when donor blood was circulated in an extracorporeal dialysis system.

Dinoprost↗