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Biomedical subjects

F Kato

Publications and source records attributed to F Kato.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[An experiment of acute fulminant severe ulcerative colitis in a 75- year-old male--a case report and a consideration of the surgical treatment of elderly patients with severe ulcerative colitis].

This is a case report of 75 year-old male patient with acute fulminant severe ulcerative colitis who underwent proctocolectomy after emergency ileostomy and decompression colostomy, and consideration of surgical treatment for elderly patients with severe ulcerative colitis are also discussed. A 75 year-old male was hospitalized as emergency case with complaints of high fever, severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. He was diagnosed as acute fulminant ulcerative total colitis by colonoscopy and barium enema examination. He had urgent operation of ileostomy and decompression cecostomy in the presence of severe disease after intensive medical treatment had failed. After a few days toxic signs gradually disappeared and general status was slightly improved. And then, radical operation of proctocolectomy and permanent ileostomy was successfully performed 3 weeks after the previous operation. We wish to emphasize in the elderly patients, namely 60 years and over with severe ulcerative colitis, that radical surgical treatment such as proctocolectomy or total colectomy should be performed after minimal laparotomy with decompression colostomy and ileostomy, because they do not survive so readily as the younger patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Effects of tizanidine, a centrally acting muscle relaxant, on motor systems.

Effects of tizanidine were studied with special reference to the effect on motor systems. The drug effectively reduced the intercollicular decerebrate rigidity and gamma-activity indirectly recorded from muscle spindle afferent discharges without showing the direct inhibitory effect on muscle spindles in rats. The drug dose-dependently inhibited the phasic responses of alpha-rigidity in anemic decerebrate rats without showing marked inhibition of the tonic response. Tizanidine effectively depressed the crossed extensor reflex in chicks and depressed mono- and polysynaptic reflex potentials in rats; dorsal root reflex was increased transiently. Tizanidine had no effect on the neuromuscular junction in rats and [3H]diazepam binding in rat brain membrane. It is suggested that the depression by tizanidine of gamma-system and spinal reflexes contribute to muscle relaxation and anti-spastic effects and that mechanisms of action are different from those of other centrally acting muscle relaxants such as mephenesin and benzodiazepines.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Virus-inactivating effect of D-isoascorbic acid.

The effect of D-isoascorbic acid, an epimer of L-ascorbic acid, on viruses was investigated using a wide variety of bacterial viruses (phages) as model systems. D-isoascorbic acid exerted an inactivating effect on all phages examined. The reaction mechanism of virus inactivation by D-isoascorbic acid was investigated using phage J1 as a model system. Bubbling oxygen through the reaction mixture and the addition of H2O2 or transition metal ions into the reaction mixture enhanced the phage inactivation by D-isoascorbic acid. In contrast, nitrogen bubbling and the addition of reducing agents, chelating agents or radical scavengers prevented phage inactivation. Experiments using specific radical scavengers, superoxide dismutase or catalase showed that OH. could be mainly responsible for phage inactivation by D-isoascorbic acid. These findings are similar to those obtained with L-ascorbic acid, and indicate that phage-inactivating activity is independent of the stereoisomerism with inversion of the hydroxyl group at carbon 5 of ascorbic acids.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Metabolism of lithocholic and chenodeoxycholic acids in the squirrel monkey.

Metabolism of lithocholic acid (LCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was studied in the squirrel monkey to clarify the mechanism of the lack of toxicity of CDCA in this animal. Radioactive LCA was administered to squirrel monkeys with biliary fistula. Most radioactivity was excreted in the bile in the form of unsulfated lithocholyltaurine. The squirrel monkey thus differs from humans and chimpanzees, which efficiently sulfate LCA, and is similar to the rhesus monkey and baboon in that LCA is poorly sulfated. When labeled CDCA was orally administered to squirrel monkeys, less than 20% of the dosed radioactivity was recovered as LCA and its further metabolites in feces over 3 days, indicating that bacterial metabolism of CDCA into LCA is strikingly less than in other animals and in humans. It therefore appears that LCA, known as a hepatotoxic secondary bile acid, is not accumulated in the squirrel monkey, not because of its rapid turnover through sulfation, but because of the low order of its production.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Intimate structural association of amyloid and elastic fibers in systemic and cutaneous amyloidoses.

Elastic fibers were found in the amyloid islands of primary systemic amyloidosis, heredo-familial amyloid polyneuropathy, macular amyloidosis and amyloidosis cutis nodularis atrophicans. In macular amyloidosis, the elaunin fibers in amyloid islands were loosely arranged, waved and twisted. In systemic amyloidosis and amyloidosis cutis nodularis atrophicans, amyloid fibers did not deposit in homogeneous electron-lucent material of elastic fiber, but were located close to the elastic fiber where the peripheral microfibrils were present.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1985

[Humoral and cellular immunodepression following surgery and postoperative infection].

The correlation between humoral and cellular immunodepression and postoperative infection was studied. Our previous study showed that the incidence of postoperative infection was significantly higher in the patients with malignant disease than in those with benign disease. In order to assess the difference, serial determinations of humoral immuno-factors and cellular immuno-functions were performed on 60 patients with benign disease (group A) and 20 patients with malignant disease (group B) before and following surgery. In the group B, the reductions of complement levels, haptoglobulin and transferrin were observed on the 1st and 3rd postoperative days, but in group A, the reductions of these parameters were not so low as those in group B and these parameters recovered progressively. In both groups, patients who had serious reductions of humoral immuno-factors developed postoperative infection. There was no close correlation between the depression of cellular immuno-functions and postoperative infection. Our data suggest that the higher incidence of postoperative infection in group B is responsible for the depression of humoral immuno-factors in the early period of postoperative day.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical study of the Feline Herpesvirus 1. Identification of glycoproteins by affinity.

Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis herpesvirus (Feline Herpesvirus 1; FHV-1) was purified by rate zonal isopycnic centrifugation. Viral nucleocapsids were isolated from the nuclei and purified. Analysis of the purified and radiolabelled viral polypeptides and glycoproteins by gradient SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that 23 viral proteins and 6 glycoproteins were present in the whole virus particle. Tween 80-diethylether treatment removed the major glycoproteins. FHV-1 viral glycoproteins were detected using [14C] glucosamine and a lectin binding procedure. The fluorescein isothiocyanate-Concanavalin A (FITC-Con A) specificity was checked by trials on other viruses whose glycoproteins had already been described. The FITC-Con A allows a very simplified procedure for glycoprotein determination after slab acrylamide gel electrophoresis and can be used prior to Coomassie blue staining of proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Swine fever. Immunisation of piglets.

Vaccination against Swine Fever using the CL Chinese strain can be done in 7-day-old piglets if they are born of non-immune sows. The simultaneous weaning and vaccination emphasises the safety of this strain. The excellent immunity observed confirms the immunocompetence of 7-day-old piglets. In piglets born of immune sows and also weaned at 7 days, passive protection can extend beyond the age of 2 months if the sow is vaccinated several months prior to gestation. The immune level of the piglets would seem to depend on the interval between vaccination of the sow and farrowing and can be attributed to the quality of the antibodies transmitted by the colostrum. Piglets born of sows vaccinated 10 months prior to farrowing can be vaccinated as early as 5 weeks; the protection percentage observed at the age of about 6 months is over 80%. A booster injection at this age then confers immunity to future breeders throughout their economic life, i.e. 4 years in the reported experiment.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

Biochemical study on spontaneous thymoma rats with motor dysfunction.

Spontaneous thymoma rats, Buffalo/Mna (B/Mna), in which nephrotic syndrome (NS) has recently been observed, have notable features in connection with muscle diseases; they exhibit muscle fatigability and weakness. Some biochemical measurements used for diagnosis of muscle diseases and NS were performed in these rats. ACI strain served as a reference strain. Urinary creatinine level and serum enzyme activities such as CPK, aldolase, GOT and GPT in the B/Mna rats did not differ from those in the ACI rats. On the other hand, urinary creatine level, the ratio of urinary creatine to creatinine and serum total cholesterol level in the B/Mna rats were significantly greater than those in the ACI rats. B/Mna rats also showed proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. These results indicate the possibility of some pathological change of skeletal muscles which may result at least partially from abnormal lipid metabolism and hypoproteinemia as a consequence of NS, differing from the typical muscular dystrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Spontaneous production of gamma-interferon in cultures of T lymphocytes obtained from patients with Behçet's disease.

The spontaneous production of interferon (IFN) in the cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBML) obtained from 30 patients with Behçet's disease was investigated. PBML obtained from each of 26 patients in the convalescent stage and four patients in the exacerbation stage were cultured at least twice without stimulation, and IFN activity in the culture fluid 2 to 7 days after the cultivation was assayed. Twenty PBML of normal healthy donors were also cultured simultaneously. PBML of all patients in the convalescent stage spontaneously produced high-titered IFN (60.0 +/- 9.5 IU/ml), but IFN activity produced in PBML cultures of four patients in the exacerbation stage was very low or was undetectable. Similarly, IFN was always detectable in the circulation of the patients whose PBML spontaneously produced IFN. All IFN activity detected both in the circulation and in the fluid of PBML culture from these patients was gamma-IFN, defined by virtue of its acid lability and antigenicity neutralized with antiserum for gamma-IFN and not with antisera for alpha- and beta-IFN. The cellular source of this gamma-IFN in the patients' PMBL was T lymphocytes and not non-T cells or macrophages. T lymphocytes did not require the help of macrophages. It is suggested that T lymphocytes of these patients may be stimulated by unknown causative agents in vivo and may produce gamma-IFN in vivo as well as in in vitro culture of T lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on interferon in Behçet's disease].

The serum levels of interferon (IFN-gamma) were investigated in patients with Behçet's disease. The origin of IFN-producing cells was also studied to understand the immunopathological roles of IFN-gamma in this disease better. It was shown that the IFN titer was 38.5 +/- 3.4 IU/ml in the patients and 6.6 +/- 0.9 IU/ml in the controls. The patients had significantly higher levels of IFN compared to the controls (P less than 0.0001). The IFN activity was shown to be IFN-gamma by acid treatment, heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min, and neutralization with anti-human IFN-alpha and-gamma sera. Peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes of the patients produced IFN-gamma spontaneously in vitro without any stimulations. The average IFN titers in leukocyte cultures were significantly increased in patients in the ocular convalescent stage compared to those in the exacerbation stage (P less than 0.0001), as was the case with the serum IFN titers. By leukocyte fractionation procedures, the generated IFN-gamma was shown to originate from the T gamma cells of the patients. IFN-gamma may therefore play some significant role in the pathophysiology of Behçet's disease.

Behcet Syndrome↗