Biomedical subjects

F Kaneko

Publications and source records attributed to F Kaneko.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Orbital reconstruction with hydroxyapatite ceramic implants.

Thirteen patients with fractures of the orbital floor (inferior wall), medial and lateral walls, or so-called "blowout" fractures with or without fractures of the zygoma were treated with artificially made hydroxyapatite ceramic implants made entirely from limestone, some of which were made with computer aided design and computer aided machinery (CAD-CAM) from data obtained from helical computed tomography. Orbital reconstruction with hydroxyapatite ceramic implants is a safe technique which is superior to previous ones in which autogenous or plastic materials were used.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Evaluation of cytokines in donor site wound fluids.

The aim of the study was to measure concentrations of cytokines in wound fluid from donor sites. A film dressing was applied to the donor sites (mean size 10 x 15 cm) immediately after a split skin graft had been taken. Five days later the film was punctured with a needle and 2-3 ml of the fluid accumulated under the film dressing was withdrawn into a syringe. The fluid was snap frozen and stored immediately at -70 degrees C. The fluid was examined for epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor (TGF) alpha, TGF beta, interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. The results showed that the fluid accumulated under the film dressing contained growth factors and cytokines that are thought to promote healing. The fluid was rich in TGF alpha but contained no EGF or bFGF, which indicates that TGF alpha plays a major part for promoting local wound healing.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Allergic characteristics of bronchial asthma in the elderly].

Allergic characteristics were investigated in asthma patients older than 60 years of age. Among these asthmatic patients: 1. About 37% showed negative immediate skin response to all antigen extracts tested. 2. The frequency of positive immediate skin response to house dust, house dust mite, Japanese cedar and Alternaria decreased with aging. 3. There was no difference in the frequency of positive immediate skin response to Candida antigen among patients in different age groups. Candida was the antigen that most frequently produced positive immediate skin response among the patients over 50 years old. 4. There was no difference between skin-positive elderly asthmatics and young asthmatics in the frequency of positive IgE antibody titer, bronchial response, conjunctival response and histamine release from peripheral leukocytes by specific antigens. These findings show that atopic asthmatics are less frequently found in elderly asthmatic patients than in young patients. Nevertheless, there is no difference in the characteristics of atopy, except in the response to Candida antigen.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Clinical evaluation of whole blood histamine release test simultaneously testing multiple allergens--correlated with bronchial provocation test].

We compared the efficacy of the novel histamine release test (HRT), which allows the determination of many allergens at the same time using a small amount of whole blood, with other conventional allergen diagnostic tests. HRT and RAST were both performed along with bronchial provocation tests (BPT) on 44 bronchial asthma patients in whom the etiologic allergen could not be determined by either intracutaneous tests (ICT) or ophthalmic response tests (ORT). The HRT uses a microtiterplate on which glass fibers have 10 kinds of allergens affixed. The histamine release ability at 6 different concentrations of each kind of allergen was examined. The concordance of HRT with respect to BPT was the highest at 82% in comparison with RAST at 66%, ICT at 55% and ORT at 60%. With each of the allergens, HRT had the highest concordance with BPT. On the other hand, RAST, ICT and ORT showed different results depending on the allergens. The positive predictive value of HRT was the highest at 76% compared with RAST at 59%, ICT at 51% and ORT at 64%. From these results, we concluded that HRT is a more useful diagnostic method for the confirmation of a clinical allergy than other conventional diagnostic methods.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[A study of hyperreactivity test thresholds over the last 9 years in asthmatics].

We have regularly performed acetylcholine hyperreactivity tests (Ach-HRT) on asthmatics on their first visit to our allergy clinic, and gained the impression that Ach-HRT thresholds have risen over the last nine years. We studied the thresholds in four different years: 1983, '85, '87 and '91 in 578 male cases and 680 female cases. Our findings were as follows. 1) The Ach-HRT threshold increased in the last 9 years, especially in the asthmatic group aged from 20 to 59 years old. 2) We studied the factors which might affect Ach-HRT in this age group. No significant difference were seen in the percent of peripheral blood eosinophil count and in clinical severities. The mean percent of baseline FEV1.0 was high in '91 and low in '83. We studied the Ach-HRT threshold in case with good pulmonary function whose %FEV1.0 was over 90% and found that the Ach-HRT threshold was high in '91 and low in '83. 3) The number of extrinsic cases increased gradually in number over the 9 years, and a high Ach-HRT threshold was clearer in the extrinsic cases. We concluded that the mean Ach-HRT threshold of our patients was rising especially in the extrinsic cases.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1994

[Clinical significance of cat allergens in adult asthmatics--a study of inhalation provocation tests].

We performed a bronchial provocation tests on 40 adult cat sensitive asthmatics to study the clinical significance of cat allergens. Immediate asthmatic responses (IAR) and/or late asthmatic responses (LAR) were provoked in 29 out of the 40 cases. IAR alone was provoked in 12 cases (30%), LAR alone in 7 cases (17.5%), dual asthmatic responses (DAR) in 10 cases (25%), and no asthmatic response in 11 cases (27.5%). There was no statistical significance in the following parameters among the groups: age, baseline of FEV1.0% and of %MMF, RAST score to cat epithelium and log value of PC20 in acetyl-choline airway hyperreactivity tests. The frequency in contact history with cat was lower in LAR alone (14%) than in the other two groups (78% in DAR, 70% in no asthmatic response). High RAST scores and low PC20 values were more frequent in DAR than in the other groups. Asthmatic responses were found in 15 out of 22 cases (68.2%) with a cat contact history and in 10 out of 16 cases (62.5%) without a contact history. These prevalence rates were the same. We concluded that cat allergens were an important factor not only for child asthmatics but also for adult asthmatics.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Studies of tissue cultured sliced dermis as a skin substitute.

A dermis slicer designed by the authors enabled us to prepare about 10 sheets of sliced dermal grafts (SDG), 300 micron(s) thick, from the dermis harvested from the back or buttocks of adult patients during operations. Such a sliced dermal sheet was stretched with one surface stuck on the base of a culture dish. It was then incubated in Dulbecco's essential medium for tissue culture, to which epidermal growth factor had been added. By the first week only its upper side was epithelialized from epithelial components in sliced dermis. The formation of basement membrane with anchoring fibrils was confirmed by electron microscopy. The appearance of type IV collagen and laminin was observed between epithelialized basal cells and the dermal layer. Thus, it is thought that the SDG is useful not only for immediate grafting, when epithelialization follows, but also as a substitute for free split thickness skin grafts following tissue culture.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMed1993

Effects of a platelet activating factor antagonist on oedema formation following burns.

Deep dermal burns covering 30 per cent of the total body surface area were prepared by immersing the backs of rabbits in hot water at 80 degrees C for 20 s, to determine whether platelet activating factor (PAF) was involved in the onset of oedema following burns and to evaluate the effect of TCV-309, a potent PAF antagonist. The PAF antagonist, which was infused soon after the burn, blocked oedema formation in the wound and significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited PAF increase (P < 0.05) in the damaged tissue in a dose-dependent manner. This was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In contrast, the superoxide dismutase content in the group treated with a high dose of TCV-309 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than that of the control group. These findings suggest that administration of large doses of a PAF antagonist immediately after injury prevents oedema of burn wounds and the subsequent onset of burn shock by suppressing PAF and superoxide radical formation.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Use of the oblique island flap in excision of small facial tumors.

Reconstruction with the oblique sigmoid island flap, which we contrived as a subcutaneous pedicle flap, is performed as follows: the small triangular skin flaps, about 1 to 2 mm in length on each side, are excised from both sides of a round defect following tumor excision in a direction corresponding to the wrinkle line, and a subcutaneous island flap which has a width equal to the defect and has shifted about half the distance of the defective area in parallel with the wrinkle line is advanced and sutured. Our technique is thought to be highly effective from a cosmetic point of view because reconstruction of the defects following excision of small tumors that occur in sites with delicate eminence, such as the area between the inner canthal region and the cheek, the site along the nasolabial fold, and around the alae, often tends to fail to achieve cosmetically good results when conventional local skin flaps are used.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

A method of treatment of constricted ears with a conchal cartilage graft to the posterior auricular plane.

In order to make natural auricular features in a simple and certain way and also to prevent the occurrence of a postoperative lop-eared deformity, we contrived a new method to treat constricted ears. Our method consists of correction of the anthelical deformity according to a modified Converse method and a cartilage graft harvested from the posterior region of the concha to fix as a support on the posterior auricular plane which enables the auricle to maintain a normal shape. This method resulted in very satisfactory treatment of prominent ears or ears with mild helical constriction, categorized as group I, IIa, or IIb on Tanzer's classification, and the patients did not have marked postoperative problems. Thus, in this respect, our technique is considered to be a very effective and safe method.

Cartilage↗

PubMed1993

Exanthema and enanthema in graft versus host disease (GVHD).

Two cases of graft versus host disease (GVHD) were reported. Case 1: A 74-year-old man noticed erythematous rash with high fever in fourteen days after blood transfusion. Skin rash spread gradually and resulted in toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in accompany with diarrhea, liver dysfunction and pancytopenia. Case 2: A 24-year-old man with acute lymphocytic leukemia treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, developed macular erythema diffusely and he had received transfusion of peripheral buffy coat cells from his brother. Histological findings revealed eosinophilic necrotic keratinocytes and infiltrating cells which consisted of CD4 and CD8(+) T cells. The both cases were diagnosed as GVHD caused by blood transfusion, though in case 1, differentiation from toxic eruption was needed. We described clinical and histopathological findings of the cutaneous manifestations of GVHD and distinction from some cutaneous lesions caused by drug toxicity and collagen disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[The allergic reaction to acid protease released by Candida albicans].

The species of Candida albicans (C. albicans) are known to colonize mucocutaneous regions as part of the endogenous flora. C. albicans is also known as an important allergen in human allergic diseases. However, the major allergen of C. albicans has not been identified yet. Acid protease released from C. albicans (CAAP) cleaves IgA or the secretory component to enable C. albicans to colonize on the mucous membrane. In this study, using CAAP and crude Candida antigen as challenging antigens, we carried out conjunctival provocation tests (CPT) on 68 adult bronchial asthmatic patients who showed immediate positive skin reactions to crude Candida antigen. In several patients we performed serum IgE antibody (RAST), histamine release from peripheral leukocytes (HRT) and bronchial provocation tests (BPT) to CAAP. Six of the 8 patients who showed positive CPT to crude Candida antigen (75%) showed positive CPT responses to CAAP. On the other hand, only 1 of the 59 patients who showed negative CPT to crude Candida antigen (1.7%) showed positive CPT reactions to CAAP. Two female patients showed positive RAST and HRT to both crude Candida and CAAP. They also showed positive CPT and BPT. One patient had positive RAST results but negative HRT, CPT and BPT results. These results show that CAAP is an important allergen for atopic patients allergic to C. albicans.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[A study of sensitization and symptoms in adult asthmatics who keep cat and dog].

We studied hypersensitivity to cats and dogs in three hundred adult asthmatics who kept them. Some findings were noted as follows. 1) The mean duration for which cats were kept was 6.2 +/- 10.1 (1 S.D.) years and that for dogs was 4.2 +/- 9.6 (1 S.D.) years. 2) The positive rate in intradermal tests to dog dander was 7% and to cat hair-epithelium 32%. The positive RAST (score > or = 2) rate to cat epithelium was 36.1%, to dog dander 31.6% and to dog epithelium 7.3% respectively. 3) Eleven to 18% of the dog keepers and 23 to 36% of the cat keepers whose RAST score were positive were aware of the relationship between pets and asthma, specifically concerning eye and nose symptoms. 4) Thirty percent of the cat and dog keepers had become sensitized to them after keeping them for under one year. The positive RAST rate was unchanged in those who kept Japanese native dogs but increased in those who kept foreign breeds after 3 to 6 years. The rate of sensitization rate to cats tended to increase along with the period for which they were kept. 5) Dog dander RAST scores among the foreign breed keepers were significantly higher than those among the native dog keepers. If the dog breed was the same, the RAST score was not higher if the dog was kept indoors than if it was kept outdoors. We concluded that a possible reason why the RAST scores were higher among those who kept foreign breeds was that foreign breeds have stronger allergenicity.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Changes in antigen-specific IgG, IgG4, and IgE antibodies in patients receiving immunotherapy with house-dust extract].

We measured allergen-specific IgG, IgG4, IgE antibodies and total IgE in sera from 64 patients who were receiving conventional immunotherapy (IT) with house dust (HD) extract. The sera were taken before and after IT. To measure allergen-specific antibodies, we used crude DF antigen, Der f I and Der f II for IgG and IgG4 antibodies, and crude DF antigen for IgE antibodies. The patients were divided into 3 groups: very short term group (IT period < 2 years, n = 9); short term group (2 < = IT period < 7 years, n = 25); long term group (7 years < = IT period, n = 30). The specific IgG antibodies for DF crude antigen did not change in any group. The specific IgG antibodies for Der f I and Der f II increased in the short term group and in the long term group. The specific IgG4 antibodies for all three antigens increased remarkably in the short term group and in the long term group. In the very short term group, however, the specific IgG4 antibodies did not increase for any antigen. Total IgE and the specific IgG antibodies did not change through IT. The specific IgG4 antibodies increased significantly through IT, but the time course of the increment of the IgG4 antibodies was not parallel with the clinical course of IT.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Treatment of extensive cranial bone defects using computer-designed hydroxyapatite ceramics and periosteal flaps.

We performed cranioplasty using hydroxyapatite ceramics and periosteal flaps in three patients with extensive cranial bone defects. These defects were left after post-brain surgery infection forced the removal of cranial bone. Hydroxyapatite ceramics made by using computer-aided design from three-dimensional computed tomographic image data were implanted in these patients. The defects were relatively large (the largest was 16.5 x 7.5 cm) and had a high degree of curvature. Three pieces were required in one patient, although one piece was sufficient in the other two patients. The surgical technique consisted of removal of the epidural granulation tissue, exposure of the cranial bone defect site, and shaping of the hydroxyapatite ceramics to fit the defect entirely, followed by the implantation of the hydroxyapatite ceramics. In anticipation of induction of the bone to hydroxyapatite, we covered the hydroxyapatite ceramics with periosteal flaps of cranial bones; however, based on only these three patients, our knowledge of the ossification-promoting effect is incomplete. More clinical cases should be investigated to evaluate further the clinical efficacy of this method for treatment. As we have reported here, the treatment of cranial bone defects by using computer-designed hydroxyapatite ceramics and a periosteal flap is safe and highly effective.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[A study of characteristics in adult asthmatics who are sensitized by cats and dogs allergens].

We studied adult asthmatics who were sensitized (RAST sore > or = 1) by cats and dogs allergens. Compared with non-sensitized asthmatics, the following some characteristics were noted in the sensitized asthmatics: 1) The histogram of the onset age of asthma showed two peaks. 2) The asthmatics sensitized by cats epithelium were more frequent and had higher RAST scores than those sensitized by dog hair dander. 3) There was a significant correlation between the RAST scores to dogs dander and dog hair. 4) There was no correlation between the RAST score to cat epithelium and dog hair. 5) The positive rations of intradermal testing to other allergens were higher in the sensitized asthmatics than in the non-sensitized asthmatics, especially to some foods allergens. 6) The asthmatics sensitized by cat and dog allergens were much more sensitized by house-dust mites than were the non-sensitized asthmatics. The asthmatics sensitized by cat and dog demonstrated being allergic to not only cat and dog allergens but also to many other allergens. We thought that the sensitized asthmatics were more atopic than the non-sensitized asthmatics and this was the reason why they were sensitized by cat and dog. The RAST scores to cat allergens were higher than the RAST scores to dog allergens. This fact showed that the cat was more important than the dog. This result agreed with our clinical experience.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Changes in lipid peroxide levels and activity of reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes in skin, serum and liver following UVB irradiation in mice.

The effect of acute UVB on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the skin and the induction of ROS scavenging enzymes in situ was examined. Lipid peroxide levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and D-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-P-D) were determined in the skin, serum, and liver of ICR mice subjected to 1400 mJ/cm2 of acute UVB irradiation. In irradiated skin, lipid peroxides were increased at 3 and 24 hr after irradiation, whereas the four ROS scavenging enzymes were generally decreased during the first 48 hr after irradiation. In the serum, lipid peroxides showed an increase at 3 hr, but enzyme activities remained negligible. In the liver, lipid peroxides showed similar behaviour to that in skin. GSH-Px activity in the liver was decreased during the first 24 hr, whereas G-6-P-D showed substantial fluctuation and SOD and catalase activities showed no change. These data are consistent with a model in which lipid peroxides generated in the UVB-irradiated lesions are transported to the liver and there metabolized by the scavenging enzymes induced in situ.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Neonatal lupus erythematosus in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Although more than 200 cases of neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) have been reported, the prognosis, clinical characteristics, and genetic background of the patients are still obscure. Their symptoms seem to vary in different races. OBJECTIVE: We had an opportunity to see two clinically different types of NLE. It is important to define the clinical characteristics in Japanese cases and to compare them to caucasian NLE cases reported earlier. METHODS: Sixty Japanese infants with NLE and their mothers reported in Japan were investigated and compared with cases reported from other countries. RESULTS: Japanese cases were highly associated with anti-SS-A/Ro, anti-SS-B/La, anti-ribonuclear protein, and anti-DNA antibodies. A low frequency of congenital heart block was noted but 8.3% of the cases progressed to systemic lupus erythematosus. HLA-DRw12 was a significantly relative risk in NLE. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of Japanese NLE patients were different from those of caucasian patients reported in the literature.

Adult↗