Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F K Mostofi

Publications and source records attributed to F K Mostofi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Nucleolar organizer regions in seminoma and intratubular malignant germ cells.

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), as demonstrated by a silver-colloid staining technique, have been counted in 71 primary testicular seminomas (typical seminoma (TS) 31, high mitotic index seminoma (HMIS) 24, and spermatocytic seminoma (SS) 16) and ten seminomas metastatic to retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Mean NOR counts were 14.36 for TS; 17.66 for HMIS; 10.89 for SS; and 17.70 for metastatic seminoma. Analysis of data using Student's unpaired t-test showed a significant difference between the NOR counts obtained from TS, HMIS, and SS. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between NOR counts in metastatic seminoma when compared with TS and SS but not HMIS. The association between tumor proliferation rates and intranuclear NOR numbers is discussed. In addition to a numerical variation, the NOR distribution throughout the nucleus was noted to be different in SS when compared with the other varieties of seminoma studied. The pattern observed had some features similar to those seen in cells of the spermatogenic series. The NOR technique was also applied to 19 cases of intratubular malignant germ cells (ITMGC). It was shown that these malignant cells were easily identified using this staining method and that the NOR distribution was similar to that seen in TS and HMIS. The mean NOR count in ITMGC was 16.41. This was significantly different from that of TS but not HMIS.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1989

Crystalloids in latent prostatic carcinoma.

Intraglandular crystalloids have been studied in 108 cases of latent prostatic carcinoma collected at autopsy. The morphological features of these crystalloids are essentially the same as reported by previous authors. The crystalloids were identified in 62.0% of cases over age 50 years. They were present in 76.9% of cases in the seventh decade, the highest prevalence among the decades. The number of crystalloids relative to the number of malignant glands tended to be inversely proportional to the size of the carcinoma. We conclude that crystalloids are related to the early development of prostatic carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Detection of AFP and HCG in metastatic testicular cancer after treatment with chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

We used an indirect immunoperoxidase technique to detect alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in tissue sections of nine metastatic germ cell tumors excised after treatment with chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and correlated the results with the serum levels of AFP and HCG. In all but 1 case yolk sac tumor (YST) was the only histologic type that reacted for AFP (AFP+) and syncytiotrophoblasts (STB) were the only histologic type that reacted for HCG (HCG+). Among 5 cases with normalization of the serum AFP before surgery, 3 were associated with YST-/AFP-, 1 with YST+/AFP+, and 1 with YST+/AFP- metastases; and among 4 cases with normalization of the serum HCG all were associated with STB-/HCG- metastases. Among 3 cases with persistent elevation of the serum AFP, 1 was associated with YST+/AFP+, 1 with YST+/AFP-, and 1 with YST-/AFP- metastases; and of 2 cases with persistent elevation of the serum HCG, 1 was associated with STB-/HCG- and 1 with STB+/HCG+ metastases. These data suggest that marker normalization in the face of persistent tumor results primarily from eradication of YST and STB, but also from treatment-induced inhibition of AFP and HCG synthesis or secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Large acinar atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma of the prostate.

Step-sections of 429 whole prostate glands were studied. Large acinar atypical hyperplasia was graded as mild, moderate, and severe based on the degree of cellular anaplasia. The relationship between atypical hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma was investigated. There was a strong association between prevalence and grade of atypical hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma in patients up to 60 years old. Beyond the age of 60 no association was detected. In the younger age groups (36 to 60 years) atypical hyperplasia was found in 86.8% of prostates with carcinoma, but only in 37.9% of benign glands. Corresponding figures for the over-60 age group were 68.8% and 65.1%, respectively. A biologic explanation of the association between atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in the younger age groups has been proposed. It was suggested that these men with atypical hyperplasia, particularly with severe atypical hyperplasia, have a greater risk for developing prostatic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of the residual retroperitoneal mass after chemotherapy for advanced seminoma.

Although resection of the residual retroperitoneal mass after chemotherapy for nonseminomatous testicular cancer is standard practice, controversy exists as to the appropriate management of the residual mass after chemotherapy for advanced seminoma. A literature review suggests that 15 to 25 per cent of such masses will contain residual cancer, suggesting that retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is appropriate in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Placental alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemistry of intratubular malignant germ cells and associated testicular germ cell tumors.

Two hundred three testicular germ cell tumors were studied immunohistochemically for the presence of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP). Special emphasis was placed on the pattern and incidence of positive staining of intratubular malignant germ cells (ITMGCs) adjacent to tumors. 99% of cases with adjacent ITMGCs showed a positive staining reaction in some or all IT-MGCs present. Other germ cell elements showed at least a focal positive staining reaction in the following proportions: seminomas, 96%; embryonal carcinomas, 96%; yolk sac tumors, 25%; mature teratomas, 5%; immature teratomas, 4%; choriocarcinomas, 45%; and syncytiotrophoblasts, 43%. The staining pattern for seminomas tended to be diffuse, whereas for embryonal carcinomas the staining pattern was more focal. Yolk sac tumors stained inconsistently for PLAP and a positive reaction was limited to a small percentage of cells. Syncytiotrophoblasts, singly or in choriocarcinomas, also showed variable positivity. These results corroborate the fact that PLAP is a sensitive marker for ITMGC, seminoma, and embryonal carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Intratubular malignant germ cells in testicular biopsies: clinical course and identification by staining for placental alkaline phosphatase.

This study was undertaken to determine the clinical course of patients with intratubular malignant germ cells (ITMGCs) and to evaluate the reliability of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) for detection of these cells. Eight patients with ITMGCs in testicular biopsy were followed. Four patients received no further immediate treatment. Two of these showed no evidence of disease after 190 and 132 mo; one developed seminoma at 38 mo, and one developed seminoma of the contralateral testis in 61 mo. The remaining four patients underwent immediate orchiectomy. Orchiectomy findings were invasive seminoma in three testes, intratubular seminoma in one, and residual ITMGCs in one testis (one patient had bilateral orchiectomy). Also studied were two testicular biopsies from patients with known retroperitoneal germ cell tumors, respectively, seminoma and teratoma. Both had ITMGCs in their testes. Immunoperoxidase stains for PLAP gave a positive result in all biopsies showing intratubular malignant germ cells. PLAP was not demonstrated in spermatogonia in 471 control biopsies which did not show germ cell neoplasia. Two other patients with incidental seminoma on biopsy for infertility are discussed. These results show that ITMGCs show a high rate of progression to invasive disease, but can show an indolent course. PLAP is a sensitive and specific marker for ITMGC, facilitating diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Liesegang rings in tissue. How to distinguish Liesegang rings from the giant kidney worm, Dioctophyma renale.

Liesegang rings (LRs) are periodic precipitation zones from supersaturated solutions in colloidal systems. They are formed by a process that involves an interplay of diffusion, nucleation, flocculation or precipitation, and supersaturation. Examples include LRs of calcium carbonate in oölitic limestone (in nature), LRs of silver chromate in gelatin (in vitro), and LRs of glycoprotein in pulmonary corpora amylacea (in vivo). Here we describe LRs in lesions from 29 patients--mostly lesions of the kidney, synovium, conjunctiva, and eyelid. The LRs formed in cysts, or in fibrotic, inflamed, or necrotic tissue. The LRs in this study varied greatly in shape and size, measuring 7-800 microns. Special stains and energy-dispersive radiographic analysis or scanning electron microscopy revealed that some LRs contained calcium, iron (hemosiderin), silicon, and sulfur. Some pathologists have mistaken LRs for eggs, larvae, or adults of the giant kidney worm, Dioctophyma renale. D. renale is a large blood-red nematode that infects a variety of fish-eating mammals, especially mink. Fourteen documented infections of humans have been recorded, usually with adult worms expelled from the urethra. The adult worms are probably the largest helminth to parasitize humans. Eggs of D. renale are constant in size (60-80 microns X 39-47 microns), contain an embryo, and have characteristic sculpturing of the shell. Liesegang rings should not be mistaken for eggs, larvae, or adults of D. renale, or for any other helminth.

Chemical Precipitation↗