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Biomedical subjects

F K Goodwin

Publications and source records attributed to F K Goodwin.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Primary affective disorder: anxiety in unipolar and bipolar depressed groups.

A group of 50 patients (29 bipolar and 21 unipolar) hospitalized for depression were compared on the IPAT Anxiety Scale. The bipolar depressed group reported significantly less anxiety than the unipolar group. This finding supports the results of other studies that reported relatively less psychopathology in bipolar groups during the acute depressive state. It is suggested that test-taking defensiveness, especially denial, might account for relatively lower anxiety and MMPI scores in bipolar groups.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1978

Prediction of antidepressant responses to lithium.

The authors studied 53 patients hospitalized for depression to evaluate possible associations between pretreatment responses to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and behaviorally rated responses to lithium. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups (A and B) in which responders and nonresponders were balanced for sex. For the 18 women in group A, a lithium response scale discriminated responders with 89% accuracy. For the 9 males, a separate scale discriminated responders with 100% accuracy. In a cross-validation, the two scales discriminated responders and nonresponders with 100% accuracy in group B. The empirical methodology of this study suggests an alternative to the theoretical-rational approach of predicting response to antidepressant drugs based on pretreatment depressive symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine in affective illness.

The authors measured cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine concentrations in manic, depressive, and neurological control patients with and without probenecid administration. Baseline and probenecid norepinephrine values were significantly higher in manic than in depressed patients, who did not differ significantly from the neurological patients. Depressed patients with high levels of anxiety had higher levels of norepinephrine than those with low anxiety. These data suggest that alterations in mood or motor activity may be associated with changes in central norepinephrine metabolism in man.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1978

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in the cerebrospinal fluid of psychiatric patients.

The activity of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 59 psychiatric patients has been analyzed by a highly sensitive radio-enzymatic assay. There was no sex difference in DBH, but there was a significant positive correlation with age. Probenecid administration had no effect on CSF DBH. DBH in CSF correlated positively (r = 0.60) with the plasma enzyme. Among patients hospitalized for major depressive disorder, unipolar or bipolar, schizo-affective disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, or personality disorders there were no significant between-group differences. Among the patients with bipolar affective disorder, DBH activity from manic patients was significantly lower than that from depressed or euthymic patients. The results are discussed with reference to the theory that the amount of DBH in CSF may serve as an indicator of central noradrenergic activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cyclic AMP in cerebrospinal fluid of manic and depressive patients.

Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP) was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of manic and depressive patients with and without probenecid administration both before and during treatment with various psychotropic drugs. Oral probenecid (100 mg/kg) produced substantial c-AMP accumulations in CSF suggesting a probenecid-sensitive transport mechanism for c-AMP. Baseline and probenecid-induced accumulations of c-AMP were not significantly different in manic and depressed patients, while baseline levels in depressed patients were higher than those in neurological controls. Imipramine, amitriptyline, lithium, tryptophan, and electroconvulsant therapies did not significantly alter levels or accumulations of c-AMP in CSF of depressed patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Couples group therapy as an adjunct to lithium maintenance of the manic patient.

Use of couples therapy groups in conjunction with lithium in the long-term management of married manic-depressive patients is described. Among bipolar patients on lithium, those in couples group therapy had more benign posthospital course than those given minimal support beyond medication. The structure and benefits of the couples group are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pituitary thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in affective illness: relationship to spinal fluid amine metabolites.

The authors studied pituitary thyrotropin, i.e., thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in patients with primary affective disorder. There were no overall differences between either depressed or manic patients and normal controls; however, the TSH response was significantly lower in the unipolar depressed patients than in either bipolar depressed patients or normal subjects. Bipolar patients in the manic phase tended to have a lower response than bipolar depressed patients. In the unipolar group, the TSH response showed a significant negative correlation with the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the CSF. These neuroendocrine responses may constitute markers of specific monoamine dysfunction in subgroups of patients with affective illness.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid in male alcoholics: effects of disulfiram.

It is well know that if an individual maintained on disulfiram (Antabuse) ingests alcohol, excess acetaldehyde is formed, resulting in a toxic reaction. In addition to this toxic interaction with alcohol (the basis of its use as a deterrent), there are both behavioral and biochemical observations to suggest that disulfiram alone has a direct effect on the CNS. The possibility that some of disulfiram's effects are related to alterations in biogenic amine metabolism led to the present study of cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites in a group of male alcoholics. In this group, disulfiram treatment was associated with a significant reduction in homovanillic acid, the major metabolite of dopamine, while no change was noted in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin. Prior to disulfiram, patients with withdrawal symptoms had significantly lower homovanillic acid than those without such symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Calcium and electroconvulsive therapy of severe depressive illness.

In severely depressed patients with primary affective illness, consistent decreases in total calcium concentration have been demostrated in both CSF and serum following successful ECT treatment. The hypocalcemia does not appear to occur after the initial ECTs, but develops after three to five treatments, coincident with an acceleration in clinical antidepressant effects, and is not an artifact of the anesthetic premedications or mechanical ventilation of the patients. Evidence linking alterations in calcium metabolism to mood is reviewed and a number of mechanisms by which the calcium change might result from ECT and mediated its effects on mood are discussed.

Adult↗