Cooperation in community programs for prevention of blindness.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
F Jensen
Publications and source records attributed to F Jensen.
Procedure and principles in ultrasonically guided puncture.
It is the aim in ultrasonically guided puncture to place the tip of an appropriate needle safely and accurately in the suspect lesion or organ, vessel or duct. Thereby representative specimens of fluid or solid tissue are obtained, various agents, e.g. X-ray contrast media may be injected or catheters left for drainage. Simultaneous visualization of the target, the surrounding tissues, part of the needle and its tract has become possible with dynamic scanners of different types. The adjunct of needle steering devices significantly reduces the number of puncture attempts and in most cases the puncture route can be pre-determined precisely, so that readjustment of the puncture direction is unnecessary, unless puncture of different sites in the target is directly intended. The practical performances of such punctures are described together with the necessary equipment and remedies.
Biopsy, Needle↗
Effect of ethanol on fatty acid metabolism in cultured hepatocytes: dependency on incubation time and fatty acid concentration.
In a previous report it was shown that ethanol increases the rate of accumulation of triacylglycerol by 90% in hepatocytes in primary culture. This represents the first known suitable model for in vitro studies of the ethanol-induced fatty liver. The biochemical alterations causing this accumulation of triacylglycerol remain to be elucidated, however. In the present report it is shown that (1) the effect of ethanol exhibits a time lag of 6-9 hours (2) the increment in the content of triacylglycerol caused by ethanol is increased by increased concentrations of fatty acids (3) the fatty acid uptake is not affected by ethanol (4) fatty acid synthesis is inhibited 20% by ethanol (5) the contents of diacylglycerol and phospholipids are not affected by ethanol (6) addition of ethanol increases the cytosolic and mitochondrial redox levels. It is concluded that ethanol is likely to exert its effect on the accumulation of triacylglycerol by redistributing fatty acids between oxidation and triacylglycerol synthesis and/or between storage and secretion of triacylglycerol.
Animals↗
Characterization of highly purified, inactivated HIV-1 particles isolated by anion exchange chromatography.
This report characterizes inactivated, gp120 depleted, HIV-1 particles purified by an anion exchange chromatography production process. This antigen formulated with incomplete Freund's adjuvant constitutes Remune, which is being evaluated in a phase III clinical endpoint trial to determine the effect of this immune-based therapy on clinical progression of HIV-1 seropositive patients. Multiple production lots of the inactivated HIV-1 antigen strain HZ321, isolated by anion exchange chromatography, exhibit purity of > 95% by gel filtration. These findings are corroborated by thin section electron microscopy showing a homogenous field of intact particles. Analyses of the purified virus particles for protein, lipid, carbohydrate and RNA show structural retention of the envelope proteins, lipid bilayer and core components after large scale processing. The qualitative identification of at least 85% of total HIV-1 protein is determined by ELISA, Western blot, HPLC and amino acid sequencing analyses. Quantitative values are assigned to 50% of these proteins. The data confirm the presence of virally encoded proteins p6, p7, pI15, p17, p24, p32, pI39Gag, gp41, pp55Gag, p66/51, Vpr, Vif and Nef. Excellent consistency between production lots and equivalency to HIV-1 preparations purified by sucrose density gradient sedimentation has been established for protein and lipid composition, and overall purity. These findings further establish that non-viral encoded proteins and lipids are integral structural components of the intact virion and are not contaminants unique to a particular isolation method. The data confirm the presence of multicomponent antigens in the viral particles for stimulating a broad HIV-1 specific immune response. Finally, the work demonstrates that the two inactivation procedures (beta-propiolactone and gamma irradiation), which achieve efficient viral inactivation meeting US FDA guidelines, do not damage the protein antigens of the viral particles.
Carbohydrates↗
Antibiotic prophylaxis in high risk biliary surgery: one dose of ceftriaxone compared with two doses of cefuroxime.
In a controlled trial 219 high risk patients undergoing biliary surgery were allocated at random by sealed envelopes to one of two treatment groups. Group I (n = 112) received a single dose ceftriaxone 1 g intravenously at the time of skin incision, and group II (n = 107) was given cefuroxime 1.5 g intravenously at the time of skin incision, followed by a second dose eight hours later. There were no significant differences between groups in age, sex, diagnosis, or operations carried out. There were three wound infections in group I (3%) and four in group II (4%) (p = 0.65). One patient in group I and two patients in group II developed intra-abdominal abscess and septicaemia (0.9% and 1.9%, respectively). Five patients developed pneumonia postoperatively in group I (5%) and six in group II (6%) (p = 0.65). There was no significant difference of the total number of postoperative infectious complications (wound infection, intraabdominal abscess, septicaemia, and pneumonia) between the groups (p = 0.42). A single dose of ceftriaxone given intravenously at skin incision was as effective as two doses of cefuroxime for the prophylaxis of wound infection in this high risk group of patients.
Abscess↗