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Biomedical subjects

F Jawad

Publications and source records attributed to F Jawad.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Prevalence of chronic complications and associated factors in type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of chronic complications and associated factors in type 2 diabetes in 500 diabetic patients, age > or = 25 years, attending the clinic of Diabetic Association of Pakistan (DAP), Karachi. METHODS: Every 5th registered diabetic patient > or = 25 years age, was examined for the presence/absence of micro and macro vascular complications and associated factors. Blood samples were collected for HbA1c, lipid profile and serum creatinine. Urine was examined for albumin and microalbumin. RESULTS: Of the 500 diabetic patients examined (160 males, 340 females, mean age 55.2 10.6 years), retinopathy was seen in 43%, neuropathy in 39.6% and foot ulcers in 4%. Nephropathy was found in 20.2%, and was significantly associated with hypertension. The prevalence of microvascular complications was higher in the group of patients with HbA1c > 8% and was significantly related to duration of diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Hypertension was manifest in 64.6% patients, 61% had raised Body Mass Index and Waist Hip Ratio was more than normal in 88% subjects. Macrovascular complications were encountered in 102 diabetic patients, with angina in 85 (17%), heart attack in 25 (5%) and stroke in 13 (2.6%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of diabetic microvascular complications was higher in people with poor glycaemic control, longer duration of diabetes and associated hypertension and obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Diabetes mellitus is equally frequent in chronic HCV and HBV infection.

OBJECTIVE: To see the association of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) in patients suffering from chronic HBV or HCV related liver disease. SETTING: Patients were selected from the gastroenterology OPD of the medical research centre, diabetic controls from private diabetes clinic and healthy controls from the blood bank of the hospital. METHODS: Patients with chronic liver disease had HBV, HCV tested using ELISA and blood sugar using a glucometer mostly as a 2 hour post prandial sample. Healthy controls had their sugar and ALT checked while donating blood and HBV, HCV were checked routinely. In diabetic controls, blood sample was taken as sera stored for HBV,HCV and ALT and later tested in batches. A random sugar of > or = 200 mg/dl was taken as diabetes. RESULTS: Of 400 patient with chronic liver disease 302 had HCV and 98 HBV infection. Diabetes was found in 24.5% HCV and 19.4% HBV related cases (not significant). Out of 410 healthy controls 18 were HCV and 17 HBV positive. Diabetes was found in only 1 (5.6%) HCV positive control and none of the HBV positive controls. Of 196 diabetics 10 (5.1%) were HCV positive and none HBV positive. Diabetes was more frequent in patients having liver cirrhosis than in those having chronic hepatitis (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Diabetes is equally frequent in both HBV and HCV related disease but is significantly more in those with chronic liver disease than in controls. The pancreatic damage secondary to extrahepatic viral replication appears to be the major cause but genetic factors also need to be explored.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Diabetes related knowledge, attitude and practices of family physicians in Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) towards diabetes of Family Physicians (FPs) working in urban and rural areas of Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on FPs through an interview by a trained person and filling up a questionnaire focused on diagnosis, treatment and complications of diabetes. The answers were scored by assigning marks and conversion to percentages. The computer package SPSS version 10 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 767 FPs (756 males, 11 females, average age 42.18 years) with a mean clinical practice duration of 13.41 years, with 681 practicing in urban areas and 86 in rural areas, participated in the study. Each FP saw on an average 58 patients daily, spending a mean of 8.5 minutes with each case. More than 90% FPs treated diabetics and 107 (14%) of the doctors were diabetic themselves. Overall 62% answers were correct, with the FPs from Sindh having the highest score of 66% and the Federal Capital Area with the lowest 54%. The questions answered correctly by less than 50% of FPs pertained to diagnostic blood values of glucose, treatment of children with diabetes, pregnant diabetics, monitoring of diabetics and technique of insulin injection. The questions answered correctly by more than 50% of FPs were related to diagnosis of Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), insulin in pregnancy, importance of education in diabetics and diabetes complications, screening and management. CONCLUSION: This study has explored several aspects of diabetes related KAP of Family Physicians and identified the need for improvement in their practices for treating and educating diabetics. Awareness and education programmes are recommended to update the FPs on early detection and management of diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Glucose intolerance in pulmonary tuberculosis.

The frequency of glucose intolerance was studied in 106 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis attending Nazimabad Chest Clinic. Diagnosis was based on X-ray and a positive sputum smear. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and evaluated according to the WHO criteria. Glucose intolerance was detected in 52 (49%) patients, 31 Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), 21 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). After adequate antitubercular therapy and sputum conversion, the OGTT was repeated in 23 cases. Of these 13 (56.5%) patients had a normal glucose tolerance indicating that glucose intolerance observed during active pulmonary tuberculosis improves or normalizes after adequate therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Diabetic neuropathy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diabetic Neuropathies↗