Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Jaubert.
A prolonged case of pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia of the lung was submitted to a large immunological enquiry. The biological results, added to the immunofluorescence study of a lung biopsy, militated for a complex underlying immune mechanism with, on one hand IgE, eosinophils and mast cells, and on the other hand plasma cells and IgG.
Twenty-seven patients with undifferentiated carcinoma and eleven with lymphoma of the thyroid are reviewed. Histologic sections of all tumors were re-examined critically. Most tumors were extensive forms spreading beyond the thyroid. Complete macroscopic excision was performed in 18 cases, incomplete excision in 12 patients. Surgery was not carried out in 8 patients, while radiotherapy was given to 27 cases. Local changes decide the prognosis whatever the findings on histology. Undifferentiated carcinomas have a poor local prognosis even after apparently satisfactory macroscopic excision. Effective local control was obtained in all cases of lymphoma treated by surgery and radiotherapy combined.
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A fatal case of eosinophilic meningitis associated with a large cell bronchogenic carcinoma is reported. Neither a cerebral parasitic disease nor metastatic localizations were found at necropsy. It is the first reported case of an eosinophilic meningitis linked to a bronchogenic carcinoma as a paraneoplasic syndrome.
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Albumin, fibrinogen, prothrombin and antithrombin III (AT III) variations have been studied in blood, urines and liver during an experimental nephrotic syndrome in rats (Heymann nephritis). A quantitative morphometric study (light microscopy) has been performed in the liver using an immunocytochemical technique--(PAP) method--to evaluate the protein synthesis by the number of protein-containing hepatocytes. Some sections were also studied by electron microscopy. The nephrotic animals were compared with control rats. In the blood of nephrotic rats, fibrinogen and prothrombin concentrations were increased and albumin and AT III concentrations were decreased. In the urines of nephrotic rats, albumin, prothrombin and AT III were lost, but no fibrinogen. The morphometric study in the liver has shown a significantly higher number of fibrinogen and prothrombin-containing hepatocytes in nephrotic rats than in controls, suggesting an increased synthesis of these proteins; no change was observed concerning albumin and AT III between nephrotic and control animals. In electron microscopy, albumin was demonstrated in Golgi apparatus, proving that the peroxidase-positive cells are related to protein synthesis. These results show that the mechanisms of regulation of the protein synthesis during nephrotic syndrome are different from one protein to another and, particularly, that their blood level is not the only regulating factor for their synthesis.
Histiocytosis X cells were demonstrated to react with T6 antigen as well as with the M1 and I1 markers of monocytes using immuno-electron microscopy and double labeling immunofluorescence technique. The data confirm the close relationship existing between histiocytic X cells, Langerhans cells and dendritic cells, and suggest to consider the T6 antigen either as an early differentiation marker of thymocytes or as a functional marker of Mononuclear Phagocyte System subpopulations.
Peripheral arterial involvement is common in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. It can be the first symptom. Small and medium size arteries are most often involved. The arterial lesions are diffuse, stenotic and often with marked calcium deposition. This arterial involvement can be developed early and if happening in young patients it is of great diagnostic significance. Peripheral vascular disease is most common in the limbs. Its evolution is remarkably slow. Coronary arterial disease can induce angina pectoris but seldom myocardial infarction. In cerebral arteries, lesions consist in stenoses and aneurysmal dilatation. They are responsible for thrombotic or hemorrhagic accidents. High blood pressure is frequent. It increases the hemorrhagic risk. Aortic lesions are exceptional, and if encountered one must discuss a Marfan disease association. Visceral hemorrhages, gastrointestinal or uterine, often the first symptom, are secondary to arteriolar lesions. Histologic studies reveal narrowed arterial lumen, due to medial thickening. Media is invaded by irregular and anarchic elastic fibers. Elastic laminae are fragmented and disorganized. The abnormal elastic tissue tends to be calcified. When compared to the arterial lesions, cardiac involvement is uncommon. It has been described in the first case of literature. It essentially consists in an endocardial thickening of the auricles and of the mitral and tricuspid valves.
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The successful transplantation of a human malignant histiocytosis into nude mice allowed the examination of its atypical histiocytic cell proliferation. Histiocytic type cells were identified by positive reactions with acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase and with anti human DR or OKI1 antisera. Presence of OKT9 antigen and negative results obtained with most OKT antisera, rosettes, erythrophagocytosis and lysozyme corroborate the histiocytic immature state of the cells and preclude another type of tumor. All positive tests to prove a mature mononuclear phagocytic origin were attributable to the murine host cell reaction.
Using 14C glycerol and 3H glycerol, in a study of lipid metabolism of two cases of eosinophilic granuloma of the bone, the authors point out that this precursor is preferentially but not electively incorporated by mononuclear cells. This fixation particularly concerns the big cells with numerous lipid droplets and few X bodies. The precursor is essentially involved in neutral lipid synthesis. As is the case with common macrophages, this lipid synthesis might express various states of cellular maturation and ageing.
From 1976 to 1979, 4 congenital bronchial abnormalities (1 stenosis, 3 atresias) have been observed and cured at Hospital des Enfants Malades Paris. The pulmonary distension with impaction of mucous secretion evocates the diagnosis. The bronchography shows the stenosis of the atresia. The pulmonary function testing confirms the hypoperfusion and the hypoventilation. The surgical indication is done in order to prevent complications and to suppress the compression of the lung. The results are good. The pulmonary testing function is correct long while after the operation. The authors discuss the surgical indication in function of the increasing of the lung.
The pathological review of 300 larynx hypopharynx and pyriform sinus carcinoma was done systematically. The results expressed according to the absence or the type of chemotherapy (Bleomycine alone or O.M.B. association) are analysed. There is no difference for the epithelial proliferation but the collagenous part of stroma was enhanced by therapeutic. The foreign body granulomas are related to the tumor maturation (keratinization).
204 simultaneous or successive locations of carcinoma were observed and analysed in a series of 1992 cases of head and neck carcinomas for 15 years (10.24 p. 100). Simultaneous carcinomas appeared electively in single anatomical area: hypopharynx, oropharynx, endolarynx. Successive carcinoma on the other hand are developed in adjacent anatomical sites. An oesophagal location worsens the prognosis; the related facts and rules are analysed for their frequency. An early detection II counselled and their pathogenesis is discussed.
The cell membrane and X bodies of histiocytes X from two cases of eosinophilic granuloma were stained by nonspecific esterase. The results show that histiocytes X possess a cell membrane exoenzyme similar to that of other histiocytes, such as alveolar macrophages, but the role of the X body as related to enzyme activity remains an unknown.
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Alveolar macrophages of non smoking and smoking human adults reduce BSPT salt spontaneously. The staining obtained is located on three cell membrane systems: the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and the nuclear envelope. Methylene blue MB inhibits BSPT reduction. The smokers alvelolar macrophages have less positivity than those of the non smokers. The endogenous cell substrate revealed in this work is the initial common pathway of two different oxidative chains bounded to the microsome. One acts with cytochrome P 450 for chemical detoxification by hydroxylation, the other one acts with cytochrome B5 for lipid oxidation or peroxidation and both may be connected with the cell bactericidal system.