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Biomedical subjects

F Jaubert

Publications and source records attributed to F Jaubert.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Deduction from Wilms' tumour that glomerular podocytes produce the basement membrane material bearing Goodpasture determinants.

Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, we tested frozen specimens from one Wilms' tumour composed of numerous glomeruloid bodies devoid of blood vessels, with monoclonal antibodies directed against vimentin, cytokeratin, CALLA/CD10, CD24, CR1/CD35, endothelium factor VIII, class I and II MHC molecules, laminin, fibronectin, and non-collagenic domain NC1 of type IV collagen. Two reagents against Goodpasture determinants were used: P1 monoclonal antibody and serum IgG (GP antibodies) from a biopsy-proven Goodpasture patient. Glomeruloid bodies comprised two cell types: a peripheral layer of parietal epithelial cells (cytokeratin and CD24-positive) and central cell clumps of podocytes (vimentin and CALLA-positive). The basal lamina surrounding the glomeruloid bodies contained laminin and NC1 domain of type IV collagen, while that present between the podocytes reacted strongly with laminin, and P1 and GP antibodies. Endothelium factor VIII was not detected within the glomeruloid bodies and CR1 molecules bound to the basement membrane material within them. These data favour the hypothesis that podocytes produce the basement membrane material which bears Goodpasture determinants recently identified as a novel chain, named the alpha 3 chain, of type IV collagen.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗
PubMed1990

Cell differentiation in Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma): an immunohistochemical study.

Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, we tested frozen specimens from 12 Wilms' tumors with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) reacting against a large panel of molecules including laminin, fibronectin, cytokeratin, vimentin, villin, CD24, CALLA/CD10, CR1, CD26, class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, and endothelium factor VIII. These molecules were chosen because they are markers of specific segments of the mature kidney and because their loss or acquisition is indicative of different steps of human nephrogenesis. KI67 MoAb was used to evaluate the proliferating activity of the cells. The blastemal component (cell compact areas) of Wilms' tumors consisted of vimentin-positive cells with a fibronectin network. However, signs of epithelial maturation were present in compact areas where cytokeratin-positive cells producing laminin were observed. The cells exhibited a high degree of proliferating activity. The tubule formations consisted of cytokeratin-positive cells and had a defined laminin border. All the cells, whether in compact areas or in tubules, were strongly CD24-positive. Some tubular formations showed signs of proximal maturation with the presence of CALLA, CD26, and even villin. In four cases class I-MHC molecules were expressed by some tubular cells. Large cystic cavities present in five cases were edged by cytokeratin, CD24-positive cells, or by vimentin, CALLA, CR1-positive cells. Some glomeruloid bodies, present in two cases, were also composed of vimentin, CALLA, and CR1-positive cells which correspond to the mature podocyte phenotype. The interstitial tissue contained mainly laminin and fibronectin network with macrophages and few CD3 lymphocytes. The presence of large cells with muscular differentiation was noted; round vimentin and CD26-positive cells were also seen. The endothelial cells of the vessels exhibited vimentin, factor VIII, and class I and class II MHC molecules as do mature cells, but in some cases the endothelial cells lacked class II molecule expression and were CALLA-positive. These results which confirmed and extended those previously described show that cell differentiation in Wilms' tumor mimics that observed during metanephros development. Moreover, this study shows that tumoral cells in nephroblastoma share several antigens with cells from lymphoid lineage (CD24, CALLA, and CD26) as do developing and mature kidney cells. Such cell phenotype dissection provides a useful and reliable tool for testing the influence of various factors on the development of hetero-transplanted or cultured Wilms' tumors.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1990

Effects of inflammation and fibrosis on pulmonary function in diffuse lung fibrosis.

To investigate the relation between lung function and inflammation and fibrosis in patients with diffuse lung fibrosis, a study was made of untreated patients without appreciable airway obstruction (14 patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and seven with pneumoconiosis). Quantitative assessment of inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis was carried out on open lung biopsy specimens and compared with lung volumes, carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO), TLCO corrected for alveolar volume (TLCO/VA), and arterial blood gases at rest and during exercise. The degree of fibrosis and the degree of cellular infiltration were positively correlated. Lung volumes and TLCO were correlated with the grades of fibrosis and cellular infiltration of alveoli; arterial blood gases during exercise tended to correlate with both fibrosis and infiltration (p less than 0.06). In contrast, morphological data were not correlated with gas exchange at rest or with TLCO/VA. It is concluded that, in untreated patients with diffuse lung fibrosis, lung volumes, TLCO, and arterial blood gases during exercise reflect the lung lesions, and that the pulmonary function tests used cannot discriminate between fibrosis and infiltration of the lung by inflammatory cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Solitary plasmacytoma of the trachea. Apropos of a case].

A case of solitary plasmacytoma of the trachea is reported. Immunohistochemical study is mandatory to prove a monoclonal immunophenotyping. Research for signs of systemic disease and follow up over a long period of time are indicated. Surgery alone, sometimes followed by irradiation, seem to be the treatment of choice. In most cases, complete resolution is observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Carcinoid of the larynx. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. Apropos of 4 cases].

Four new cases of carcinoid (or well differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma) of the larynx are reported. This tumor has been recognized since 1969 and may be misdiagnosed as a poorly differentiated carcinoma or adenocarcinoma if the Grimelius stain is not done. Chromogranin A, detected by immunocytochemical methods, is also a good marker of these tumors. The analysis of 41 previously published cases allows a better knowledge of this clinico-pathological entity. The main locations are supraglottic and the prognosis is poor which is very different from the bronchial carcinoid.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Pseudotumoral lambda chain pulmonary amyloidosis].

A case is described of primary multi-nodular pulmonary amyloidosis which was "pseudotumoral" and its progress had been under observation for eight years. Protein analysis revealed that it was a monoclonal light chain and there was no evidence of myeloma. It appears to be of a local pathology and is of the same type as amyloid tumors of the bronchi.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1989

[Tumors of the nasal fossa. Retrospective study of a series of 67 cases].

This retrospective study reviews 67 tumors of the nasal fossa treated at hospital Laënnec (Paris). The clinical significance of histology and the therapeutic results for each pathological tumor (mainly, carcinoma, melanoma, lymphosarcoma, neuroma, malignant plasmocytoma, inverted papilloma, vascular tumors) are described. Treatment and surgical procedure will be analyzed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary gallium uptake in rats with granulomatosis induced by complete Freund adjuvant.

To investigate the mechanism of gallium-67 uptake in lung granulomatosis, we studied 13 rats in which lung granulomatosis was induced by injection of complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) and 14 controls. Gallium uptake was assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lavaged lung. The cells responsible for gallium uptake were identified by latent image activation autoradiography. Gallium activity in both lavaged lungs and bronchoalveolar cells (BAC) was higher in CFA-treated animals than in controls [172,205 +/- 134,783 DPM versus 44,456 +/- 14,486 DPM +/- SD (p less than 0.05) and 40,083 +/- 16,350 DPM versus 9100 +/- 4114 DPM (p less than 0.05), respectively]. In control rats, about two-thirds of total lung gallium was located in the interstitium, whereas in CFA-treated rats it was found in the mononuclear cells of lung granulomas. Gallium tracks were more numerous in the alveolar macrophages (AM) of CFA-treated rats than in control AM (28.4 +/- 10.0/field versus 8.4 +/- 3.8/field, p less than 0.001) but the number of tracks was proportional to the number of AM (52.4 +/- 18.7 versus 12.2 +/- 4.3, respectively; p less than 0.001). It is concluded that in rats with CFA-induced lung granulomatosis 1) pulmonary gallium uptake increases, 2) mononuclear cells are responsible for this uptake in both granulomas and AM, and 3) the increased uptake is due to the increased number of mononuclear cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Mobility of the vocal cord and the arytenoid in cancer of the larynx and the hypopharynx. Anatomo-clinical study].

Fourty one squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx, laryngeal margin and larynx were studied in order to compare the vocal cord and arytenoid mobilities with the tumoral extension to the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Several whole organ sections were performed on the surgical specimen for studying specifically the lateral and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, thyroarytenoid muscles and crico-arytenoid joint. The weight of the tumor located at the top of the arytenoid cartilage without any tumoral extension of the crico-arytenoid muscles can fix the arytenoid, preserving the vocal cord mobility. On the other hand, the simultaneous immobility of vocal cord and arytenoid was associated respectively with 66% of tumoral extension to the crico-arytenoid muscles in hypopharynx and lateral margin carcinomas, and 33% in endolaryngeal tumors. The authors emphasize that a separate clinical evaluation of vocal cord and arytenoid mobilities would give more precise informations concerning surgical indications of laryngeal conservative surgery.

Arytenoid Cartilage↗
PubMed1987

Histiocytes X and X body reactivity with concanavalin A, peanut agglutinin and BSPT.

The ultrastructural and histochemical exploration of histiocytes X done by the means of Concanavalin A (Con A), peanut agglutinin (PNA) and BSPT demonstrate that the plasma membrane of histiocytes X shared some properties with all the other cells and is also specialized. The rod part of the X body has the same properties as the plasma membrane while its vesicular part differs and is closer to the inner membrane system of the cell. In consequence it is suggested that the rod part of the X body is a specialized pathway or shuttle for receptor linked glycoprotein exchanges in highly specialized cells.

Benzothiazoles↗
PubMed1987

Is true hermaphroditism a primary germ cell disorder?

Eleven cases of true hermaphroditism, 6 raised as female and 5 as male, were seen in the 20-year period from 1965 to 1985. External genitalia varied from Prader types II to IV. The ovotestis (11/22) was the most common gonad, and a marked variation in macroscopic and microscopic appearances with five patterns of distribution of gonadal tissue was noted. Ovulation was observed in ovarian tissue, and spermatogonia, but no spermatozoa, in testicular tubules. A hypothesis is developed suggesting abnormal testicular differentiation, and a model is presented to explain observed patterns of gonadal tissue distribution. A uterus was present in all cases, but a hemiuterus or lateralized uterus was noted in the 5 cases in which only testicular or predominantly testicular tissue was observed on the contralateral side. Karyotype analysis showed 46 XX in 5 cases (1 with an H-Y antigen) and a mosaic involving 46 XY in the remaining 5. Spontaneous puberty was achieved in 3 of the females, and of the 4 males with residual testicular tissue, all are prepubertal.

Disorders of Sex Development↗
PubMed1987

[Demonstration of Langerhans cells in the human bronchial epithelium].

Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis of six specimens revealed for the first time a small number of Langerhans cells in non-neoplastic bronchial epithelium. These cells were usually found either interspersed perpendicularly between columnar epithelial cells or just above the basal lamina with extending cytoplasmic processes. Usually few Birbeck granules, especially located in the Golgi region, were present throughout the cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on semi-thin sections with a polyclonal anti-S-100 protein. The population of S-100 positive cells represented about 1% of all the epithelial cells. Not all ultrastructurally identified Langerhans cells were shown to be positive for S-100 antigen. Our results suggest that Langerhans cells could be a constant cellular constituent for the normal bronchial epithelium. The exact function of Langerhans cells in the respiratory epithelium remains to be investigated, but they may have an immunologic function, such as antigen presentation to T lymphocytes.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1987

[Obstructive bronchiolitis].

The term "obstructive bronchiolitis" used in this review covers different clinicopathological aspects. On the one hand, it refers to "small airways disease", where bronchiolar narrowings are widespread, secondary to post inflammatory fibrotic changes linked to tobacco smoke or fibrogenic dust inhalation. These obstructive changes at the level of small airways are responsible for a fixed airflow limitation. The specificity and sensibility of functional tests designed for early detection of such an obstruction (the frequency dependence of compliance, the nitrogen slope and the density dependence of the flow-volume curve) are still controversial. On the other hand, the entity covers a disease described at the beginning of the century under the name "bronchiolitis obliterans". It usually appears as a consequence of various causes: viral infection, toxins acting either inhalation or by systemic route, immunological mechanisms as in connective tissue diseases or in graft versus host reactions. A special emphasis is put on idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans associated with organizing pneumonia. Some clinicopathologic correlations are of basic interest in relation to etiological factors: bronchiolitis obliterans due to viral infection in children involving mainly membranous bronchioles; by contrast, bronchiolitis obliterans related to other causes seems to extend further down from the terminal bronchioles to the respiratory bronchioles. Lymphoid bronchiolitis appears non specific and is mostly observed in association with systemic connective tissue diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Bronchiolitis↗
PubMed1987

[Severe epithelio-exfoliative colitis in infants. Anatomical data].

Amongst the uncommon forms of congenital severe colitis, we wish to draw attention to a peculiar and probably previously never described condition that we propose calling provisionally, epithelio-exfoliative colitis. This condition appears to be characterized by the following features: its early beginning within the first weeks of life; the smooth, glossy appearance of the mucosa, without ulcerations visible to the naked eye; the prevalent degenerative changes of the epithelial cells which become vacuolated, break away prematurely from the basement membrane and finally exfoliate within the glandular lumens; the distension and rupture of the glands, the mucous contents of which intrude into the lamina propria and induce a localized, mild and non suppurative inflammatory reaction; accessory reactive traits: intense mucus production actively regenerating epithelium (high mitotic activity, syncytial cells) and increase of the cholinergic fibers within the lamina propria. Although patchily distributed, these lesions involve the colon exclusively. The cause of epithelio-exfoliative colitis is unknown. However, the ultrastructural studies and immunocytochemical investigations using anti-collagen IV, antilaminin, anti-fibronectin antibodies disclose in some glands localized thinning and rupture of the basement membrane. These data suggest a primary disorder within the molecular arrangement of either the basement membrane itself or the proteins which anchor the glandular cells to the basement membrane.

Colitis↗