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Biomedical subjects

F J Trevor Burke

Publications and source records attributed to F J Trevor Burke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

A practice-based evaluation of the handling of a new self-adhesive universal resin luting material.

OBJECTIVE: Ease of handling of materials may be considered helpful to achieving good results. The handling properties of a new self-adhesive universal resin luting material were tested in clinical use. METHOD AND MATERIAL: Thirteen practitioners were selected at random from the Product Research and Evaluation by Practitioners (PREP) Panel, a United Kingdom-based group of dental practitioners prepared to complete evaluations of new materials and techniques in the practice environment. Explanatory letters, questionnaires and packs of the luting material were sent to the evaluators. The practitioners were asked to use the material and return the questionnaire. RESULTS: 144 restorations were placed using the new self-adhesive resin luting material, which was rated higher by the evaluators for ease of use (4.7 on a visual analogue scale where 5 represented easy to use and 1 represented difficult to use) than both the pre-trial resin-based and 'conventional' luting materials (rated 3.7 and 4.4 respectively on the same scale). The presentation, instructions, convenience of dispensing and handling and viscosity also received high ratings. CONCLUSION: The new material achieved ratings for ease of use superior to the pre-study resin-based and conventional luting materials in the dental practices of 13 UK dental practitioners.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2006

Zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns and bridges: three case reports.

UNLABELLED: The search for a clinically viable all-ceramic bridge framework has been monotonous. Until recently, few materials appear to have the necessary physical and aesthetic properties. However, the development of yttrium tetragonal zirconia polycrystals, and its adoption for use in dentistry by CAD CAM technology, may hold promise as a crown and bridge framework, this being considered suitable for single and multiple units. However, to date, no long-term clinical studies have been reported. This paper describes three cases in which zirconia frameworks were used in crowns and bridges. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For the patient wishing to receive a non-metal crown or bridge, novel zirconia-based systems hold promise.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Comparison of ultrasonic cleaning schemes: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: Ultrasonic cleaning is an effective method for cleaning dental instruments prior to sterilisation. However, there are few studies that directly compare precleaning and ultrasonic cleaning solutions. This study evaluated the efficacy of different ultrasonic cleaning schemes. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Twenty representative dental instruments, five of which were soiled with a mixture of blood and hydroxyapatite, were used in a series of cleaning runs. Cleaning employed a presoaking agent, ultrasonic cleaning, or a combination of both. Two presoaking agents (Non-ionic Ultrasonic Cleaning Solution and ProEZ Foaming Enzymatic Spray) plus five ultrasonic cleaners (UltraDose, General Purpose Cleaner, Co-enzyme Concentrate, Enzol Enzymatic Detergent, and Non-ionic Ultrasonic Cleaning Solution) were compared, with tap water serving as a control. There were two cleaning times: seven and 15 minutes. After rinsing, the working ends of the instruments underwent scrubbing for 20 seconds using a dental polishing brush held in a haemostat. After scrubbing, the brush and instrument were placed in a tube containing sterile saline. Vortexing of the tube lasted 30 seconds. Testing for the post-cleaning presence of blood involved Hemastix dipsticks. These sticks measure minute amounts of blood in urine and can detect as few as 35 red blood cells per ml. Comparisons of colour change were made to a standard scale followed by assignment of numeric values. RESULTS: Tap water was the poorest cleaning solution, while UltraDose was the most effective. Blood removal improved when cleaning time was increased from seven to 15 minutes. The combined effect of a presoak immersion followed by ultrasonic cleaning was the most effective cleaning scheme overall. Cleaning by either ultrasound or presoaking only was less effective. Some instruments were more difficult to clean than others. CONCLUSION: Within the constraints of the small number of test runs performed, it was concluded that application of a presoak agent before ultrasonic cleaning produced the most effective instrument-cleaning regimen.

Blood↗
PubMed2005

In vitro cuspal deflection and microleakage of maxillary premolars restored with novel low-shrink dental composites.

OBJECTIVES: The development of novel low-shrink resin-based composites (RBCs) may offer a potential reduction in polymerisation shrinkage stresses generated at the tooth/restoration interface compared with current methacrylate RBCs. In vitro cuspal deflection and microleakage of meiso-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities restored with experimental oxirane and silorane (EXL596 and H1) and methacrylate (Z100 and Filtek Z250) RBCs were assessed. METHODS: Standardised pre-molar MOD cavities were prepared (n = 10) and restored with each material. The flexure of buccal and palatal cusps was recorded 0.1 h following irradiation utilising a differential transformer deflection gauge. Each restored tooth was subjected to a thermocycling regime and microleakage of tooth sections were assessed following 24 h immersion in 0.2% fuschin dye. The degree of conversion (DC) of each RBC material was also assessed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy following 0.1, 0.5, 1, 4, 24 and 48 h post-irradiation. RESULTS: A total cuspal deflection was observed for EXL596 (2.5 +/- 0.9 microm) and H1 (6.0 +/- 1.8 microm) compared with Z100 (20.0 +/- 4.7 microm) and Filtek Z250 (16.5 +/- 3.3 microm) following 0.1 h. The cavities restored with EXL596 displayed significantly higher microleakage than any other RBC and H1 exhibited non-significant and significantly decreased microleakage compared with Z100 and Filtek Z250, respectively. The DC of EXL596 and H1 was significantly decreased compared with Z100 and Filtek Z250 following 0.1, 0.5 and 1 h. SIGNIFICANCE: The 'living' polymerisation associated with the novel oxirane and silorane RBCs and the associated decrease in cuspal deflection may suggest a decrease in the magnitude of polymerisation shrinkage stress at the tooth/restoration interface. The decreased DC following 0.1 h of the oxirane compared with the methacrylate RBCs has provided information on the cure rate of cationic and free-radical polymerisation mechanisms, respectively. The inadequate marginal seal of cavities restored with EXL596 would preclude its use as a dental restorative. The reduction in cuspal deflection and decrease in microleakage of cavities restored with H1 compared with Filtek Z250 may be advantageous in terms of marginal integrity following placement. However, the non-significant difference in microleakage between the H1 and Z100 may only present modest decreases in the deleterious effects of shrinkage stress.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2005

Trends in indirect dentistry: 8. CAD/CAM technology.

UNLABELLED: Computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) of indirect restorations became available to dentistry over 15 years ago, providing replication and digitization of the complex topography of tooth structure. There are now many applications, providing better mechanical properties, improved marginal integrity and enhanced aesthetics, compared with traditional indirect techniques. Whether a restoration is fabricated by traditional or modern computerized systems, three functional stages are required; data acquisition, design and manufacture. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the applications of CAD and CAM in contemporary indirect dentistry. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Reliable CAD/CAM techniques, some of which may reduce the number of patient visits, are now available for the production of a variety of ceramic restorations.

Ceramics↗
PubMed2005

Trends in indirect dentistry: 3. Luting materials.

UNLABELLED: Luting materials play a central role in indirect dentistry. Active materials which bond to tooth and restoration may aid retention of restorations, while passive materials merely fill the gap between crown and tooth. The properties of currently available luting materials are discussed, with resin-modified glass ionomer and resin materials being found to exhibit optimum properties. However, resin luting materials have been technique sensitive to use, but the advent of self-adhesive resin luting materials has overcome most of the technique problems during placement of restorations. Resin materials are indicated for luting all-ceramic restorations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Correct choice of a luting material with optimum physical properties is central to success in indirect dentistry.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed2005

Trends in indirect dentistry: 6. Provisional restorations, more than just a temporary.

The provision of well-fitting, functional provisional restorations is important for a wide variety of reasons, including maintenance of the stability of inter- and intra-arch relationships and positional stability of prepared teeth, and the preservation of occlusal function of anterior provisional restorations by providing appropriate protrusive and lateral guidance. Provisional restorations should be of sufficient strength to resist the forces of occlusion and should be luted with a cement that will resist the forces of removal, yet allow easy removal at the fit appointment without leaving a residue on the prepared tooth. This paper describes the use of provisional restorations in indirect restorative dentistry and suggests some specific techniques for clinical use.

Crowns↗
PubMed2004

Amalgam to tooth-coloured materials--implications for clinical practice and dental education: governmental restrictions and amalgam-usage survey results.

OBJECTIVES: To review governmental guidelines on amalgam use worldwide and to assess trends in the usage of amalgam and composite materials in restoration of posterior teeth. METHODS: A letter was sent to 24 government health agencies or representative organisations requesting details of regulations pertaining to amalgam use. A literature search was carried out in order to identify papers in which the incidence of amalgam and composite restorations was stated. RESULTS: Ten replies were received, indicating few restrictions on the use of amalgam. Results obtained from published work appear to indicate that amalgam use is declining, but at rates which are unclear in many countries because of the paucity of published data. Amalgam use has been found to be decreasing in the USA, Australia and Scandinavia, with lesser decreases being apparent in the UK. CONCLUSIONS: There are few restrictions to the use of amalgam worldwide. In countries where data are available, such as USA, Australia and Scandinavia, amalgam use has been found to be decreasing, with smaller decreases being apparent in the UK.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

An investigation of the microbial contamination of dental unit air and water lines.

AIM: The objective of this study was to measure the microbial contamination released from dental unit air lines (DUAL) and dental unit water lines (DUWL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Emissions from DUAL and DUWL from five dental units supplied by a central water source (tap) and a centralised air supply were sampled three times over a five- week period. Air was forced through sterile water and then plated onto selective agar using apparatus designed to spread the sample solution evenly, and then incubated at room temperature for seven days. Colonies were then counted and the concentration of bacteria present was determined and expressed as colony forming units per millilitre (cfu/ml) per minute. The same procedure was used to evaluate five other dental units, which had attached independent water reservoir (bottle) systems (IWR). Only deionised water was added to the bottles and unit waterlines were cleaned weekly with alkaline peroxide based solution. Values were expressed as cfu/ml. RESULTS: Air and water specimens obtained from dental units supplied with tap water had microbial counts significantly (t-test, p < 0.05) greater than IWR dental units. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that IWR can reduce the numbers of micro-organisms released from DUWL. However, the effectiveness of such systems should be routinely monitored. Emissions from DUAL seems to reflect the levels of microbial contamination present in DUWL.

Air Microbiology↗