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Biomedical subjects

F J Millard

Publications and source records attributed to F J Millard.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Laser therapy in 100 tracheobronchial tumours.

One hundred patients with tracheobronchial tumours were treated with the neodymium YAG (yttrium-aluminium-garnet) or argon laser for symptoms of airways obstruction caused by tumour (59 cases), complete collapse of a lung (17 cases), or recurrent haemoptysis (24 cases). Seventy four of them had relapsed or failed to respond to radiotherapy or chemotherapy and all were inoperable. Objective improvement in results of lung function tests or haemoptysis diary charts was seen in 37 patients with airways obstruction (63%), five (29%) with collapsed lung, and 14 (58%) with haemoptysis. Overall, 68 patients had symptomatic benefit and there was objective improvement in 56. Two deaths occurred in 288 treatment sessions both occurring as a result of asphyxia from minor haemorrhage in patients with advanced cylindromas and critical narrowing of the trachea or single remaining bronchus. In suitable patients with intraluminal tumour laser phototherapy is a valuable addition to conventional treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Fibrosing alveolitis associated with amiodarone.

We report a patient with fibrosing alveolitis associated with amiodarone therapy. Review of the literature suggests that amiodarone induced pulmonary disease generally occurs on a maintenance dose of at least 400 mg of amiodarone daily; there is however a wide range in the duration of therapy or total dose administered prior to presentation.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Pulmonary arterial hypertension and emphysema.

Pulmonary artery pressures were estimated by an indirect method using echocardiography (Boyd et al. 1980), in a group of patients with chronic airflow obstruction, in order to investigate the degree of pulmonary hypertension in patients with emphysema. We found a positive correlation between the estimated pulmonary artery end diastolic pressure (PAEDP) and the radiological emphysema score (r = 0.58, P less than 0.005), and between the estimated PAEDP and the transfer constant for carbon monoxide (KCO) (r = 0.66, P less than 0.002). There was no correlation between the PAEDP and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) before exercise, between the PAEDP and the change in oxygen partial pressure after exercise, or between the KCO and the PaO2. It is suggested that emphysema does predispose to pulmonary arterial hypertension and that the relationship is probably secondary to vessel destruction rather than hypoxia.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Laser treatment for carcinoma of the bronchus.

Laser treatment in carcinoma of the bronchus is essentially palliative and is suitable for only a few patients. Patients selected for laser treatment must have predominantly endobronchial growth with normal bronchial anatomy still identifiable and symptoms due to the obstruction or to haemoptysis. A total of 34 patients with carcinoma of the bronchus were treated with argon gas or neodynium yttrium aluminium garnet crystal lasers. Good palliation was obtained in just over half the cases of partial obstruction of the trachea or main bronchus, but best results were obtained in lesions of the trachea or main carina. Re-expansion of the collapsed lung was achieved in some cases but with considerable risk of pneumonia. Haemoptysis was controlled at least partly in several cases. Laser treatment has the advantage of having no toxicity or dose limit and may be used in cases of poor respiratory function. The procedure was better tolerated than radiotherapy or chemotherapy and its relatively lower cost may justify setting up laser units in major cities.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Echocardiographic method for the estimation of pulmonary artery pressure in chronic lung disease.

The prognostic implications of pulmonary hypertension in chronic lung disease, and the difficulty in establishing its severity without cardiac catheterisation, indicate the need for a reliable non-invasive method of assessing the pulmonary artery pressure. It is likely that the time taken by the right ventricle to generate a sufficiently high pressure to open the pulmonary valve will increase progressively as the pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure rises. Therefore, the time interval between closure of the tricuspid valve and opening of the pulmonary valve has been obtained by high-speed echocardiographic recordings of the tricuspid and pulmonary valves in a group of 17 patients with chronic lung disease. Each patient underwent right heart catheterisation immediately after the echocardiographic examination so that the pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure could be obtained directly. A range for the group from 15 mmHg (2.0 kPa) to 45 mmHg (6.0 kPa) was observed. The linear correlation between the measured diastolic pressure and time interval from the tricuspid valve closure to pulmonary valve opening was highly significant (r = 0.94, p = less than 0.001) and the scatter was relatively small. It is therefore suggested that this time interval, obtained non-invasively by echocardiography, can be used as an index of the severity of pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic lung disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The sympatomatic treatment of carcinoma of the bronchus using combination chemotherapy.

A study was made of chemotherapy for inoperable carcinoma of the bronchus. Only patients with symptoms directly due to the tumour or with evidence of rapid tumour growth were selected for treatment. Half the patients selected in this way responded and in these patients survival may have been prolonged. The regimen chosen caused the minimum of interference with the patient's life and, by relief of symptoms, appeared to offer an improvement in the quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The radiological changes in infections of the spine and their diagnostic value.

This study describes the early radiological changes which occur in infections of the spine, by examination of the initial radiographs in 45 patients with proven spinal infection. The commonest radiological change in infection of the spine was a symmetrical lesion involving the adjacent surfaces of two vertebrae, with a variable degree of reduction in height of the disc space. A paravertebral abscess was a common associated finding. No radiological pattern was completely reliable in distinguishing tuberculous from non-tuberculous infections, but in white patients the formation of new bone strongly suggested a pyogenic lesion. The presence or absence of a paravertebral abscess was not helpful in distinguishing the variety of infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Serological tests in the differentiation of staphylococcal and tuberculous bone disease.

The haemagglutination test for antileucocidin is frequently positive in cases of bone tuberculosis in the absence of obvious staphylococcal infection. This test is therefore of little practical use in the differentiation of staphylococcal and tuberculous bone disease, and its use has been discontinued at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital. The antigamma haemolysin test in bone tuberculosis appears to give rise to few false positive results. Our observations confirm that the anti-alpha haemolysin and antigamma haemolysin tests used together reveal about 80 percent of cases of staphylococcal bone infection on first presentation or relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1972

Paget's disease.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Treatment of Paget's disease of bone with mithramycin.

We report data from three patients with severe Paget's disease of bone who were treated with mithramycin.Mithramycin infusion resulted in a fall in plasma calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and urinary hydroxyproline excretion. There was an improvement in calcium and phosphorus balance in two of the three subjects studied. A pronounced or complete relief of bone pain occurred in all three.We suggest that mithramycin exerts its beneficial effect in Paget's disease of bone by stimulating parathyroid hormone release. The parathyroid hormone released has a predominantly anabolic action on bone since its catabolic action is blocked by mithramycin, which inhibits bone resorption.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗