[Allergic patients and allergens observed over a period of 10 years. A statistical study].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
F Horak
Publications and source records attributed to F Horak.
[25 years of the allergy outpatient department of the 1. otolaryngological clinic at the Vienna University].
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Austria↗
[Legal foundations for the processing of iodine 125 in radioimmunological laboratory tests, exemplified by the phadebas RAST and phadebas RIST tests (author's transl)].
The processing of iodine 125 poses legal and technical problems that can be solved if the respective guidelines are taken into consideration. The test projects have to be notified to, and approved by the authorities. In addition, the reagents have to be isolated and locked away in a suitable place and the requisite laboratory bench space locked up when not in use. If no more than 2 test kits are processed at the same time, the demands on the personnel and working place are minimal and the removal of wastes is unproblematic.
Air Pollution, Radioactive↗
[Immunological examination methods for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (author's transl)].
Only a great number of well-established test methods helps to prove for sure the occurrence of allergic rhinitis. In addition to skin and provocative tests immunological laboratory tests are indicated for reliable diagnosis purposes. According to the immunological tissue reaction underlying the allergic rhinitis the following methods are suitable: the proof of histamine release of leucocytes, the determination of the immune serum globulin E-level and the differentiation of the specific IgE. Precipitation reactions prove the occurrence of antibodies of the type IgG. Hemaglutinating antibodies generally demonstrate the patient's inclination toward allergic reactions. On the basis of these investigations the specificity of the anti-allergic therapy can be essentially increased.
Antibody Formation↗
A review of loratadine in the treatment of patients with allergic bronchial asthma.
Patients with seasonal or allergic bronchial asthma experience an immediate allergic response caused by allergen-specific immunoglobulin E-mediated histamine release. The release of histamine and other chemical mediators may trigger airway hyperresponsiveness and exaggerated bronchoconstriction, characteristic features of allergic bronchial asthma. Traditional antihistamines have demonstrated only moderate activity of short duration against this disease. In contrast, loratadine, a potent, nonsedating, histamine-1-receptor antagonist with activity in seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, has demonstrated effective control of asthma symptoms, improved pulmonary function, and long duration of action in patients with allergic bronchial asthma. This review summarizes preclinical evidence for the antiallergic activity of loratadine and the results of clinical studies with oral loratadine in patients with allergic bronchial asthma.
Anti-Asthmatic Agents↗
A comparison of two grass pollen extracts in the treatment of hay fever.
This trial of hyposensitisation compares the efficacy and safety of an alum absorbed 2-grass extract (Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata) with a traditional pyridine extracted alum precipitated 5-grass preparation whose efficacy has been demonstrated previously. 33 patients, (20 Alpare, 13 Allpyral), were entered into the trial which continued for 3 years; in the second year there were 17 Alpare and 11 Allpyral patients, and 13 Alpare and 10 Allpyral in the third year. Patients on Alpare required fewer dosage modifications due to adverse effects, but otherwise the treatments proved comparable. By the end of the second year, all patients achieved a significant increase of grass-specific IgG. There was no increase in total or specific IgE levels. Subjective assessment by both patients and physicians was in favour of Alpare in the first year, and a larger percentage of Alpare patients achieved a symptom-free summer in the second year. Analysis of daily diaries kept by patients during the grass pollen seasons showed that both treatments resulted in decreased use of medication year by year despite increasing pollen counts. We have shown that an extract made in accordance with modern requirements for purification and biological standardisation performed at least, as well as the older proven form of treatment.
Adolescent↗
Immunotherapy with sublingual birch pollen extract. A short-term double-blind placebo study.
The aim of this double-blind placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of short-term birch pollen sublingual immunotherapy. Forty-one patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis caused by Betula alba were included. Exclusion criteria were the following: undergoing immunotherapy within the last 2 years, contraindications to immunotherapy, pregnancy and nursing. The treatment schedule comprised a 28-day basic course, followed by a 3-month maintenance treatment. The evaluation of the parameters was performed before treatment and 4 months after the last maintenance dose. Skin prick test and conjunctival provocation test (CPT) in a dilution series were carried out to determine the threshold of the reaction. The objective parameters used were the diameter of the skin wheals and the lowest concentration, of the allergen extract to induce the symptoms of itching and reddening of the eyes. The allergic reaction in general was evaluated with the help of a 2-h birch pollen challenge in the Vienna Challenge Chamber (VCC); nasal flow and resistance was measured by rhinomanometry; and nasal secretion was quantified by weighing used handkerchiefs. Bronchial reactions were objectified by spirometry; subjective symptoms of the eyes, the nose and the bronchial tract were documented by the patients via a visual analog scale. Birch pollen specific IgE and IgG were evaluated by monoclonal antibody enzyme immunoassay before (T0) and after (T1) treatment. For statistics p < 0.05 was applied. At T0 there was no decisive difference in the in vitro and in vivo results between the two groups. After the treatment period (T1), actively treated patients showed a significantly higher tolerance to the birch pollen CPT (p < 0.01). The skin reaction was significantly lower than in the placebo group. Furthermore, actively treated patients produced less than half of the nasal secretion of placebo-treated patients during the challenge session. The rhinomanometry analysis during the challenge showed significant differences for verum and placebo in favor of the actively treated patients (p = 0.033). There was no significant difference in the specific IgE and IgG concentrations. The side effects and compliance during the treatment were comparable in both groups. In conclusion, sublingual immunotherapy is a well tolerated and clinically effective method of treatment.
Administration, Sublingual↗