[Tumors of the nasal cavity in mice after percutaneous application of diethylnitrosamine].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
F Hoffmann
Publications and source records attributed to F Hoffmann.
[On the role of photoproducts of tyrosine and tryptophan in the origin of actinic carcinoma in the white mouse].
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Animals↗
The influence of thyroxine and adrenal cortical extract on the oxygen consumption of adrenalectomized rats.
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Journal Article↗
New algorithmic approaches to protein spot detection and pattern matching in two-dimensional electrophoresis gel databases.
Protein spot identification in two-dimensional electrophoresis gels can be supported by the comparison of gel images accessible in different World Wide Web two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gel protein databases. The comparison may be performed either by visual cross-matching between gel images or by automatic recognition of similar protein spot patterns. A prerequisite for the automatic point pattern matching approach is the detection of protein spots yielding the x(s),y(s) coordinates and integrated spot intensities i(s). For this purpose an algorithm is developed based on a combination of hierarchical watershed transformation and feature extraction methods. This approach reduces the strong over-segmentation of spot regions normally produced by watershed transformation. Measures for the ellipticity and curvature are determined as features of spot regions. The resulting spot lists containing x(s),y(s),i(s)-triplets are calculated for a source as well as for a target gel image accessible in 2-DE gel protein databases. After spot detection a matching procedure is applied. Both the matching of a local pattern vs. a full 2-DE gel image and the global matching between full images are discussed. Preset slope and length tolerances of pattern edges serve as matching criteria. The local matching algorithm relies on a data structure derived from the incremental Delaunay triangulation of a point set and a two-step hashing technique. For the incremental construction of triangles the spot intensities are considered in decreasing order. The algorithm needs neither landmarks nor an a priori image alignment. A graphical user interface for spot detection and gel matching is written in the Java programming language for the Internet. The software package called CAROL (http://gelmatching.inf.fu-berlin.de) is realized in a client-server architecture.
Algorithms↗
Kinetics of heat-shock response and inclusion body formation during temperature-induced production of basic fibroblast growth factor in high-cell-density cultures of recombinant Escherichia coli.
The kinetics of the heat-shock response and the formation of inclusion bodies in recombinant Escherichia coli TG1 were studied in glucose-limited high-cell-density cultures in response to temperature-induced production of human basic fibroblast growth factor (hFGF-2), a protein which partially aggregates into inclusion bodies. The maximum synthesis rates of heat-shock proteins were similar to those in a control cultivation with a strain carrying an expression vector without inducible structural gene. However, the maximum of induction for many heat-shock proteins including DnaK, ClpB, and HtpG was reached at least 30 min later when synthesis of hFGF-2 was simultaneously induced by the temperature upshift. During this first production phase, hFGF-2 was exclusively deposited in the insoluble cell fraction. Thereafter, accumulation of soluble hFGF-2 was observed, too, indicating that the recombinant protein needs heat-shock chaperones for proper folding at elevated temperatures. Strong recombinant protein production prolonged the synthesis of the majority of heat-shock proteins (including GroELS, DnaK, ClpB, and HtpG) even in a wildtype dnaK(+) background. In contrast, the synthesis rates of the small heat-shock proteins IbpA and IbpB declined within 1 h to preinduction values in control and hFGF-2 producing cultures. In the producing cultivation, IbpA and IbpB synthesis ceased to an undetectable level when soluble hFGF-2 started to accumulate, whereas the synthesis rates of the other heat-shock proteins including those belonging to the DnaK and GroEL families remained high throughout the entire production phase.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[Bilateral spontaneous femoral neck fracture in chronic alcoholism and liver cirrhosis].
One case of a double-time, bilateral spontaneous fracture of the femoral neck as a result of a hepatogenic osteopathy is reported. The other reasons for spontaneous fractures are shortly mentioned, the osteopathy in chronic liver disease is examined more closely.
Adult↗
Histological investigation of organisms with hard skeletons: a case study of siliceous sponges.
Siliceous and calcareous sponges commonly are treated with acid to remove the spicules prior to embedding and cutting for histological investigations. Histology of spiculated sponge tissue represents a challenging problem in sponge histotechnology. Furthermore, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a key method for studying sponge-associated microbes, is not possible after acid treatment. For a broad range of siliceous sponge species, we developed and evaluated methods for embedding in paraffin, methylmethacrylate resins, LR White resin and cryomatrix. Different methods for cutting tissue blocks as well as mounting and staining sections also were tested. Our aim was to enable histological investigations and FISH without prior removal of the spicules. To obtain an overview of tissue and skeleton arrangement, we recommend embedding tissue blocks with LR White resin combined with en bloc staining techniques for large specimens with thick and numerous spicules, but paraffin embedding and subsequent staining for whole small specimens. For FISH on siliceous sponges, we recommend Histocryl embedding if the spicule content is high, but paraffin embedding if it is low. Classical histological techniques are used for detailed tissue examinations.
Animals↗
Aspirin intolerance in patients with chronic sinusitis.
Aspirin intolerance in patients with chronic sinusitis is often a cause of early recurrence of symptoms after surgical treatment. This study assesses 84 patients who were tested for acetylsalicylic acid intolerance after presenting with symptoms like chronic rhinosinusitis, sometimes bronchial asthma, coexisting allergies or a history of aspirin sensitivity. Nasal polyposis was found in a majority of cases, often recurrent after previous surgery. The levels of eicosanoids such as peptido-leukotrienes and prostaglandin E2 were analyzed in isolated blood cells and compared with a healthy control group. Aspirin-intolerant patients showed elevated basal levels of peptido-leukotrienes and reduced basal levels of prostaglandin E2. Test results were graded in a system ranging from positive (68%), signifying aspirin intolerance, to borderline (18%) and negative results (14%). After screening patients with clinical findings indicating a possible aspirin intolerance, the results of this investigation reveal a strong correlation between the clinical symptomatology and the in vitro parameters of eicosanoid levels in isolated blood cells, indicating the need to induce aspirin tolerance to reduce the risk of recurrent rhinosinusitis.
Adult↗
Proliferative activity and cytometric characteristics in polyps of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
Although several investigations have revealed the influence of cytokines, allergy, and environmental factors in polyp development, the etiology of nasal polyps is still unknown. To estimate the biology of this common disease the operative specimens of 50 patients who underwent surgery for polyps of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses were examined; of these, 10 patients had recurrent disease and 23 patients had an allergy. The investigations included routine histology and quantitative DNA measurements, along with immunohistochemical identification of proliferation markers (i.e., MIB-1; proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA). Histologically, most polyps revealed an infiltration with lymphocytes, eosinophilic granulocytes, and plasma cells. Twenty-five percent had a squamous metaplasia of the respiratory epithelium. Quantitative DNA analysis demonstrated diploid stemlines and lack of aneuploid cells with a DNA content exceeding 5c in most cases. Immunohistochemical detection of proliferation markers showed low proliferation rates in all cases. In 27 polyps no MIB-1 expression was detected, and in 7 polyps no PCNA expression was detected. The polyps of the 23 patients with proven allergic diathesis did not reveal higher scores for the parameters of DNA analysis (i.e., ploidy status and percentage of aneuploid cells) and proliferation scores. Nasal polyps of 10 patients with recurrent disease displayed higher scores for proliferation markers, and in five cases aneuploid cells with 5c exceeding rate (5cER) of 1.5-11.7% were detected. According to these results, polyps of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses showed low proliferation scores and were diploid. The data demonstrated that there was no increase of proliferation activity or ploidy shift toward aneuploidy in patients with allergy. Nevertheless, in recurrent disease some increase in proliferation activity and some changes in the parameters of the DNA analysis occurred, indicating more aggressive behavior of recurrent polyps in single cases.
Adolescent↗
Immunohistology of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis. wachtlin@ukbf.fu-berlin.de.
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to compare corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using conventional, immuno- and enzymohistologic methods. METHODS: Sixteen white Russian rabbits in each group underwent PRK or LASIK. Keratocyte density was recorded from 1 week to 6 months post-operatively on conventional histological sections. Immunohistologic cellular fibronectin and tenascin were used as markers of early epithelial and stromal wound healing in the cornea. The cell damage was demonstrated enzymohistologically using alkaline phosphatase. RESULTS: The reaction was similar in quality with both methods and occurred at sites of simultaneous epithelial and stromal injury. Mild scarring was found around the edge of the flap after LASIK; PRK-treated corneas developed a central subepithelial haze and scarring. A hypocellular region was found in the anterior part of the ablation zone shortly after PRK. Fibroblast migration later led to hypercellularity and subsequent clinical haze formation. After LASIK this reaction was limited to the peripheral entry point of the microkeratome blade around the edge of the corneal flap, where cellular fibronectin and tenascin reactions were positive. An acellular zone was found anterior to the interface after LASIK. The keratocyte damage visualized by alkaline phosphatase was more extensive after PRK than after LASIK. CONCLUSION: The stromal reaction to surgery was more extensive after PRK than after LASIK. A cytokine-mediated interaction between the epithelium and stroma was suggested as the cause of keratocyte cell migration and scar formation.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
Influence of cyclosporin A, dexamethasone, and benzalkonium chloride (BAK) on corneal epithelial wound healing in the rabbit and guinea pig eye.
Corneal erosions were produced by iodine vapor application in rabbit and guinea pig eyes. The corneal erosion of each eye was photographed four times daily after fluorescein staining and the erosion area measured planimetrically. Thirty-six percent of the corneal epithelium was destroyed in rabbits and 67% in guinea pigs. In guinea pigs, wound healing was delayed significantly by Spersadex, Totocortin, and benzalkonium chloride (BAK) 0.01% in the experimental eye. Spersadex also caused a significant delay in wound healing in the nontreated contralateral eye. Cyclosporin A 2% and Oculotect had no influence on epithelial wound healing. An 8-day pretreatment of guinea pig eyes with cyclosporin A or Spersadex had no further influence on the epithelial wound-healing rate.
Animals↗
Local treatment of necrotizing scleritis with cyclosporin A.
A report is presented on an 83-year-old female patient with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis who developed a necrotizing scleritis of the right eye. The clinical course could not be influenced by indomethacin, cysteine, and the cytostatic chlorambucil. Local cyclosporin treatment, however, which was initiated after a 4-week therapy-free period, led to considerable improvement within a few days. The disease disappeared after 6 weeks of treatment. There is no recurrence as yet, the follow-up period being 13 months.
Aged↗
[Breast cancer in context - results of a prospective study and implications for therapy].
56 patients admitted to the surgical clinic for a breast biopsy were interviewed on the day of their admission. The interviewer recorded his impression of the conversation in eight rating scales. The assessments were repeated by an independent rater from edited tape recordings of the interviews. There was a statistical difference between breast cancer patients and patients with a benign node in all eight scales used and the diagnosis cancer was predicted by the interviewer and rater in 80-90% of all cases. A specific mode of therapeutic procedure is discussed in which the cancer is seen as the final link in a chain of similar occurrences, and in which inclusions of the surrounding field is more conclusive to success than working with the individual alone. The basic idea of this approach has for a long time played a part in the work with "difficult" patients: it very positively sanctions the behavior exhibited as a survival feat in an extremely difficult situation and it accepts that for the time being any other behavior is hardly possible. Thus, a paradoxical effect often ensues: the families begin to offer resistance to the doctor's one-sided representation and at the same time call their own behavior into the question.
Adult↗
Association of extracolonic manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis with acetylation phenotype in a large FAP kindred.
Familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAP) has been shown to be associated with germline mutations of the adenomatous polyposis gene (APC) on chromosome 5. Extra-colonic manifestations also occur in FAP and include desmoid tumors, epidermoid cysts and osteomas. The combination of FAP with extracolonic symptoms is commonly referred to as Gardner's syndrome. It remains difficult, however, to predict which patients may have a propensity to develop extracolonic manifestations. The rapid acetylation phenotype is believed to be associated with an increased likelihood of sporadic colorectal cancer, whereas the slow acetylation phenotype is recognized as a predisposing factor for bladder cancer. The slow acetylation phenotype is caused by mutant alleles of the cytosolic enzyme N-acetyltransferase (NAT2). In this study, we determined the NAT2 genotype in members of one large FAP family and three smaller ones all of which had been shown to harbor the same germline APC gene mutation. We observed a significant correlation between slow acetylation genotypes and extracolonic manifestations of the disease. Rapid acetylation genotypes were not overrepresented in colorectal cancer cases in this family as compared to the frequency of this genotype in the normal Caucasian population.
Acetylation↗