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Biomedical subjects

F Hara

Publications and source records attributed to F Hara.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Esophageal tracheobronchoplasty for diseases of the central airway.

Three infants with congenital tracheal stenosis and three adults with various diseases of the central airway underwent esophageal tracheobronchoplasty to repair long-segment stenoses and defects. The primary operative goal was enlargement of the stenosis (n = 4), repair of the defect (n = 1), or both (n = 1). Cardiopulmonary support was required in two cases. All three infants were operated on for generalized congenital tracheal stenoses. There was one postoperative death on the fifth day. Another infant died of pneumonia 3 months after operation. Tracheal patency was excellent in two infants. One infant is well without symptoms 6 years after the operation, although balloon dilation was required three times during the first postoperative year. In the three adult patients, the primary diseases were congenital tracheal stenosis, iatrogenic injury associated with relapsing polychondritis, and malignant mediastinal tumor involving the trachea. All lesions involved both the trachea and main stem bronchi. Postoperative airway patency was excellent in all three adults, although expandable metallic stents had to be inserted in one patient. Postoperative pulmonary function was improved, particularly forced expiratory volume in 1 second and peak expiratory flow rate. Although the postoperative mortality rate was still high, especially among the infants, and prolonged postoperative ventilatory support was required for five of the six patients, long-term patency and postoperative pulmonary functional improvement are encouraging.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Pediatric and adult tracheobronchomalacia.

Twelve cases of tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) cases were reviewed: five were pediatric, and seven were adult, two of which were due to relapsing polychondritis (RPC). In pediatric TBM, the malacic segments were short. Resection of the malacic segment in one case and laryngotracheoplasty with autologous costal cartilage in one case were unsuccessful. However, aortopexy gained good results. Two cases managed conservatively experienced gradual improvement of their symptoms. In adult TBM, plication of pars membranacea was not effective in one case. The insertion of a stent was minimally effective in one case, and distinctly in one polychondritic case. The other four cases managed conservatively have deteriorated gradually. From these findings, a new classification system is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Spontaneous mutation of p53 gene in human papillomavirus type 16 E7-immortalized human laryngeal epithelial cells.

The E7 gene is one of the principle transforming genes of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV 16). In this study, we show that HPV 16 E7 gene could immortalize in vitro primary human laryngeal epithelial cells (HLEC cells) without cooperation of the viral E6 gene. The HPV 16 E7-immortalized HLEC cell line had acquired a mutation of a tumor suppressor gene, p53, during the immortalization process. Using immunofluorescence assay, nuclear accumulation of p53 protein was found in the cell line. These results suggest that HLEC cells can be immortalized in vitro by the cooperative activities of HPV 16 E7 gene and a spontaneous mutation of the endogenous p53 gene.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

N-ras mutation of thyroid tumor with special reference to the follicular type.

Using the method of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism, the point mutations of the ras oncogenes in a total of 33 thyroid tissues, including 12 follicular adenomas, 6 follicular carcinomas, 11 papillary carcinomas, and 4 undifferentiated carcinomas, were examined. The frequency of the mutation was 3% (1/33) in codon 12, 13 of Ki-ras and 18% (6/33) in codon 61 of N-ras, including 17% (2/12) in follicular adenoma, 50% (3/6) in follicular carcinoma, 0% (0/11) in papillary carcinoma and 25% (1/4) in undifferentiated carcinoma. In follicular adenoma, positivity was observed in microfollicular or trabecular subtypes. Furthermore, the mutation of ras, was examined in histologically different parts, coexisting in the same tumor in a total of four cases. Both the undifferentiated carcinoma and coexisting follicular adenoma, and both the microfollicular adenoma and trabecular nodule growing in the tumor, had the same N-ras (61) mutation. Direct sequencing analysis showed that all mutations were CAA (Gln) to CGA (Arg) transition of codon 61, except for CAA to AAA transversion in one case of follicular carcinoma. A similar genetic abnormality of N-ras genes at codon 61 between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma suggests that the mutation of N-ras at codon 61 might play a part in oncogenesis in follicular tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1995

[A case of remarkable response of colon cancer with multiple liver and bone metastasis treated with tegafur and cisplatin].

A 47-year-old man with ascending colon cancer with multiple liver metastases and bone metastasis (VII thoracic vertebra) showed a remarkable response to the combination therapy of tegafur and cisplatin. Tegafur (1,200 mg/day) was administered through continuous intravenous infusion mixed with IVH, and cisplatin was given every two weeks at a dose of 100 mg. The total dose of tegafur was 39.6g and that of cisplatin was 300mg. After therapy, primary and metastatic lesions were remarkably reduced according to various imaging techniques, and the serum CEA level of 34ng/ml at diagnosis decreased 3.7 ng/ml. Various tumor-related symptoms were improved. Drug toxicity caused slight nausea and leucopenia. Right hemicolectomy with R2 lymph node dissection was performed after chemotherapy. Histologically, primary lesion and regional lymph nodes showed diffuse fibrosis and necrosis, and only a few cancer cells remained some vessels. These results suggested that the combination chemotherapy of tegafur and cisplatin is useful for the treatment of colon cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of new style of drug delivery system for primary lung cancer: intermittent intra-arterial injection therapy with subcutaneous infusible port I.--Temporary changes in feeding arteries of lung cancer in processes of intra-arterial injection therapy].

Arterial injection therapy for lung cancers is concentrated on the bronchial arteries, because they are reported by the main feeders of lung cancers. In the present study, we attempted intermittent arterial injection therapy with implantable port system. In the cases of lung cancers, in the present study, tumors were mainly fed by bronchial arteries originating from intercostal-bronchial arteries in right lungs, and those directly originating from aorta in the left lungs. However, in the processes of BAI (Bronchial Arterial Injection Therapy), main feeders often were obstructed and the new feeders originated from branches of subclavian arteries, such as thyro-cervical truncks, internal mammary arteries, thoraco-acromial arteries and intercostal arteries. They formed networks surrounding the lungs. Adequate study of the feeding arteries should be performed in the course of arterial injection therapy of lung cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of new drug delivery system for primary lung cancer: intermittent intra-arterial injection therapy with implantable port system (reservoir)--II. Evaluation of technical methods for cannulation of feeding arteries of lung cancer with implantation of implantable port system].

As mentioned in the first of the present series of reports, lung cancers were fed by various arteries such as bronchial arteries, internal mammary arteries, inter-costal arteries and branches of subclavian arteries such as thyro-cervical truncus or thoraco-dorsal arteries, according to the size and stages of tumors and the processes of therapy. On the basis of these anatomical findings of the feeders of lung cancers, we tried several effective and reasonable ways of cannulation of catheters, which were connected with an implantable port system.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1994

Expression of Mac-2 antigen in the preosteoclast and osteoclast identified in the op/op mouse injected with macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Osteoclast deficiency in op/op mice is cured by a single injection of 5 micrograms recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhM-CSF). In this study, we found that mouse osteoclasts are positive for Mac-2 antigen, but not for F4/80, MOMA-2, Mac-1, or BM8 antigen. By using F4/80 and MOMA-2 monoclonal antibodies, we confirmed the absence of mature macrophages in the femora of op/op mice and found that multiple injections of rhM-CSF are required for the recruitment of macrophages in the bones. After a single rhM-CSF injection, we found Mac-2 positive mononuclear cells in the femora of op/op mice. The time course of the appearance of Mac-2-positive cells was very similar to that of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells. In bone sections prepared from the mutant mice that received rhM-CSF 3 days earlier, 91% of the TRAP-positive mononuclear cells were also positive for Mac-2 antigen. These results demonstrate the expression of Mac-2 antigen in preosteoclasts. The antigen was detected on the plasma membrane of preosteoclasts, as well as in their cytoplasm and nucleus, and in the extracellular matrix in the space between the cells and bone. Since Mac-2 is a galactose-specific lectin, a potential role of the lectin in cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion during osteoclast differentiation is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

High frequency of p53 abnormality in laryngeal cancers of heavy smokers and its relation to human papillomavirus infection.

A series of 41 laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas was examined for p53 abnormalities and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection by an immunohistochemical and/or molecular approach. Immunohistochemically, p53 over-expression was observed in about 60% of the cancers, of which 12 were revealed to contain point mutations of p53 by a combination of the single-strand conformational polymorphism technique and direct sequencing. The p53 point mutations ranged from codons 157 to 278 and most of these mutations lay in two "hot spots" (codon 157 in four cancers and codon 248 in three cancers). The majority of p53 mutations, both transversions (seven cancers) and transitions (five cancers), occurred at the G nucleotide of the codons. An analysis of the clinical information indicated that p53 point mutation was frequently observed in heavy smokers with an average Brinkman index score of more than 1000. On the other hand, HPV DNA, type 16 or 18, was detected in a quarter of the laryngeal cancers. Of eleven HPV-positive cases, nine were immunohistochemically positive for p53, of which four contained a p53 point mutation. These results suggested no inverse relation between p53 mutation and HPV infection in laryngeal cancers. Our study indicates that p53 abnormalities are related to smoking history and the correlation might be better for smoking and chemical mutagenesis than for HPV.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Localization of metallothionein in aged human brain.

The localization of metallothionein (MT), a small molecular weight heavy metal binding protein in aged human brain, was investigated by immunohistochemical techniques. The amount of MT and heavy metals (Zn, Cu) were also assayed by radioimmunoassay and atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively. Immunohistochemically, MT was found in the pia mater, ependymal cells, protoplasmic astrocytes nand glial processes neuropil of the gray matter and fibrous astrocytes of the white matter of the telencephalon, whereas oligodendroglia and microglia did not show any positive immunostaining for MT. Cytoplasm, glial processes and some nuclei of protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes showed strong MT immunostaining. Vascular feet and adventitia were also positive for MT immunostaining. Moreover, the pia mater, astrocytes and ependyma in the diencephalon, mesencephalon, pons, medulla oblongata and spinal cord showed the same positive immunostaining for MT as the telencephalon. In the cerebellum, Bergmann's glia, protoplasmic astrocytes of the granular layer and fibrous astrocytes of the white matter showed strongly positive immunostaining for MT. According to the radioimmunoassay, the amount of MT in the brain was relatively high at about 39.3 +/- 9.5 micrograms/g wet weight; of the heavy metals in the brain, zinc and copper were detected.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Studies of diabetic nephropathy. I. Effects of storage time and temperature on microalbuminuria.

The effect of storage time and temperature on the immunological turbidimetric measurement of a low concentration of albumin in urine was investigated. In storage at -20 degrees C, the albumin level decreased, but the rate of this decrease differed considerably among specimens. However, under storage at room temperature for 2 weeks, or at 4 degrees C for 5 weeks albumin levels did not show significant changes. At -40 degrees C and -80 degrees C there were only slight decreases. At -40 degrees C decreases were slightly greater than at -80 degrees C. Therefore, -80 degrees C was found to be the optimal temperature for long-term storage of urinary albumin. Some of the specimens showed a 50% decrease in albumin level after storage for 9 weeks at -20 degrees C, but remained unchanged after storage for the same period at -80 degrees C. A pair of specimens preserved at -20 degrees C and -80 degrees C were isolated by SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). After electrophoresis, urinary proteins were stained by silver staining to observe bands, and albumin content was determined by immunoblotting. A decrease in albumin concentration was also observed by densitometric detection.

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1994

Lack of synergistic association between human papillomavirus and ras gene point mutation in laryngeal carcinomas.

The spectrum of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes in laryngeal carcinomas was investigated by combined polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. HPV DNA was detected in 11 (24%) of 45 cases, including HPV 16 in 9 cases and HPV 18 in 2 cases. Other HPV subtypes commonly found in the female genital organs were not detected. In addition, the point mutation of codons 12 and 13 in c-Ki-ras-2, c-Ha-ras-1, and N-ras genes was studied by the PCR-single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) method. Of 45 cases tested, only 1 had a point mutation of c-Ki-ras-2 gene at codon 12. These results indicate that the incidence of ras gene point mutation is uncommon and that the synergistic effect of HPV infection and ras gene activation in laryngeal carcinogenesis is probably rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Fully enzymatic method for determining 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol in serum.

We have developed a fully enzymatic method to measure 1,5 anhydro-D-glucitol (1,5-AG) in serum through use of pyranose oxidase (PROD: EC 1.1.3.10), glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2), and an ATP-regenerating system. In a previous report (Clin Chem 1989;35:2039-43) the glucose interfering with the measurement of 1,5-AG was removed with a minicolumn. In the method used here, glucokinase and an ATP-regenerating system efficiently convert glucose to the unreactive compound, glucose 6-phosphate, making the method selective for 1,5-AG. The hydrogen peroxide produced in the oxidation of 1,5-AG by PROD is detected with a standard enzymatic color-developing system. The within-run and day-to-day precision (CV) of this method was 0.52-1.29% and 1.17-4.48%, respectively. The correlation (r) between the results obtained with our proposed method (y) and those obtained with the mini-column method (x) was 0.998 (y = 1.007x + 0.493 mg/L; n = 100; Sy/x = 0.641 mg/L). This newly developed method allows quicker and easier measurement of serum 1,5-AG than previously described methods.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1993

[An experience with surgical treatment for mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lungs].

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the lungs is thought to arise in the bronchial glands. It is a tumor that rarely develops and it has a low grade of malignancy. In this paper, we describe one case of infiltrative MEC, which we were able to diagnose preoperatively. Surgery revealed a high grade malignancy which is reported here with a discussion based on the related literature. The patient was a 63-year-old male who was referred to our hospital by another physician due to a cough and left chest pain. A simple chest X-ray revealed a tumor shadow and a fascicular shadow on its periphery in the upper left lobe. Bronchoscopy disclosed complete circumferential stenosis at B1+2,3 and reddening from this region to the main bronchus, but it was impossible to directly confirm the tumor. Pulmonary arterography did not depict the left upper pulmonary vein, but obstruction due to a tumor of that vein was observed. Given the above findings, under a diagnosis of infiltrative MEC, a left total lobectomy accompanied by a combined left atriectomy was performed. Although most cases of MEC have a low grade malignancy, there have been some reported cases with a very high grade of malignancy. Therefore, evaluation of the progress of this type of carcinoma by preoperative diagnosis as well as radical excision appropriate to lung cancer are considered to be important.

Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid↗
PubMed1993

[Analysis of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage and ultrastructure of lung tissues in experimental silicosis].

Sprague-Dawley rats received intratracheal instillation of 50 mg silica dissolved in 1 ml saline. Animals were killed by intraperitoneal injection of nembutal at periods between 0.5 hour and 4 months. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and histological and ultrastructural studies were performed on the right and left lungs, respectively. A large number of neutrophils was recovered in BAL fluid from 3 hours after silica infusion, and was maintained until 4 months as the silica stimulus remained in the lung tissues. The absolute number of lymphocytes gradually increased in BAL fluid from day 2. The recovery of macrophages was quite low 24 hours after silica instillation. In contrast, massive aggregates of macrophages were forming silica granulomata in the lung tissues. This discrepancy of results between cells obtained from BAL and those in the lung tissues was caused by an impaired capacity of migration of alveolar macrophages by the development of a junctional apparatus, the "subplasmalemmal linear densities (SPLD)". These structures consisting of hemidesmosome-like unpaired and desmosome-like paired ones infrequently appeared in the acute stages of granuloma formation and were quite common in macrophages and epithelioid-like cells in granulomata 2 weeks after instillation and thereafter. Silicotic granulomata grew in the alveolar ducts from the aggregates of macrophages superimposed on a various number of alveolar sacs. Regeneration of type II alveolar epithelial cells and bronchiolar cuboidal cells usually covered the outer border of the granuloma. Endothelial cells of alveolar capillaries regenerated following recurrent injuries, and only occasionally formed a fenestration structure in their cytoplasm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Esophageal tracheoplasty for congenital tracheal stenosis.

Two infants with congenital long tracheal stenosis underwent operation by means of an esophageal tracheoplasty. The first patient had previously undergone tracheal reconstruction using the pericardium. Although ventilation improved somewhat following this procedure, the pericardial patch suddenly ruptured 12 days after the operation, requiring an immediate esophageal tracheoplasty. The esophageal portion of the reconstructed trachea epithelialized 1 month later, with the lumen maintaining its proper size. However, the patient died 3 months after the second tracheoplasty. The cause of death was thought to be due to complications arising from prolonged high-pressure use of mechanical ventilation. He had been on a respirator for 6 months before the first tracheoplasty. The second patient has been doing well with no recurring respiratory problems for 25 months now. Her reconstructed trachea has adapted with her growth. This technique should be considered along with other forms of treatment for tracheal reconstruction because it is relatively simple and pliable.

Bronchography↗