Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Hammarqvist

Publications and source records attributed to F Hammarqvist.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Stress hormones given to healthy volunteers alter the concentration and configuration of ribosomes in skeletal muscle, reflecting changes in protein synthesis.

1. The influence of elevated concentrations of stress hormones on the concentration of ribosomes and the relative proportion of polyribosomes, reflecting protein synthesis in vivo, in human skeletal muscle was investigated. Healthy volunteers were given a 6 h infusion of adrenaline (n = 8), cortisol (n = 8), a triple-hormone combination of adrenaline, cortisol and glucagon (n = 8), or saline (n = 8). 2. The total ribosome concentration declined by 30.4 +/- 7.2% in the triple-hormone group (P less than 0.01), by 26.9 +/- 8.6% in the cortisol group (P less than 0.05) and by 24.8 +/- 11.2% in the adrenaline group (P less than 0.05). The proportion of polyribosomes to total ribosomes decreased by 8.5 +/- 2.2% in the triple-hormone group (P less than 0.05). 3. During hormone infusion the serum glucose levels were enhanced. The insulin concentrations in serum were elevated in the adrenaline group and the triple-hormone group, but not in the cortisol group. Serum insulin decreased in the control group. 4. The results indicate an effect of the combined stress hormone infusion on the total ribosome concentration as well as on the relative abundance of polyribosomes. The single hormones influenced the total ribosome concentration only. The results suggest a critical role for stress hormones in producing the decline in muscle protein synthesis seen after trauma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Addition of glutamine to total parenteral nutrition after elective abdominal surgery spares free glutamine in muscle, counteracts the fall in muscle protein synthesis, and improves nitrogen balance.

Twenty-two patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were given total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after the operation. The TPN contained either a conventional amino acid solution supplemented with glutamine or a conventional amino acid solution without supplementation. To study amino acid and protein metabolism, muscle biopsy specimens were taken before surgery and on the third postoperative day. The postoperative decrease in the intracellular concentration of free glutamine was less pronounced in the glutamine group (21.8 +/- 5.5%) than in the control group (38.7 +/- 5.1%; p less than 0.05). The protein synthesis was reflected in the concentration and size distribution of ribosomes. No significant changes in these parameters were seen in the glutamine group after the operation. In the control group, the total concentration of ribosomes fell by 27.2 +/- 8.5% (p less than 0.05), and the relative proportion of polyribosomes fell by 10.6 +/- 2.9% (p less than 0.01). Although there were significant changes in the control group, no significant differences in the changes of these parameters between the two groups were detected. The cumulative nitrogen loss was significantly less in the glutamine group as compared to the control group during the period studied--2.3 +/- 1.4 g versus 8.5 +/- 1.5 g, respectively (p less than 0.01). Administration of glutamine to catabolic patients is advocated.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMed1987

Ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate improves skeletal muscle protein synthesis as assessed by ribosome analysis and nitrogen use after surgery.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was given for 3 days after elective abdominal surgery. The control group (N = 9) received TPN only and one group of patients (N = 6) received TPN supplemented with ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate (0.35 g/kg bw/day). Protein synthesis in skeletal muscle was assessed from the total ribosome concentration and the percentage of polyribosomes. In the control group the total concentration of ribosomes decreased after surgery by 23% (p less than 0.05) and the percentage of polyribosomes decreased by 21% (p less than 0.01), whereas in the ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate group both variables remained unaffected. The cumulative urinary urea excretion was significantly larger in the control group than in the ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate group (p less than 0.05). The calculated nitrogen balance was negative in the control group on each day of the study (p less than 0.05), but that of the ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate group was not statistically different from zero. The results show that postoperative maintenance of muscle protein synthesis and a more effective nitrogen use was achieved by supplementing TPN with ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate, 0.35 g/kg bw/day.

Cholecystectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of glutamine and its analogs in posttraumatic muscle protein and amino acid metabolism.

Skeletal muscle protein catabolism following trauma has until recently not been possible to counteract by intravenous nutritional means. The obligatory loss of nitrogen with concomitant reduction of skeletal muscle protein synthesis is also accompanied by a decrease of muscle free glutamine, the extent of which is proportional to the muscle protein catabolism. Serving as a human model of surgical trauma, patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy were given total parenteral nutrition including additions of either glutamine or its analogs (ornithine-alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutarate, or alanylglutamine) during 3 postoperative days. The polyribosome concentration and the intracellular glutamine concentration in skeletal muscle, as well as nitrogen balance, showed a less pronounced skeletal muscle catabolism in these groups than when conventional total parenteral nutrition was given. It is concluded that a support of either glutamine or its carbon skeleton, alpha-ketoglutarate, counteracts the postoperative fall of muscle free glutamine and of muscle protein synthesis. Furthermore, statistical correlations could be shown between the changes of muscle glutamine and muscle protein synthesis and the postoperative nitrogen losses.

Amino Acids↗