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Biomedical subjects

F H Corstens

Publications and source records attributed to F H Corstens.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Long-term follow-up in toxic solitary autonomous thyroid nodules treated with radioactive iodine.

The long-term effects of radioiodine treatment on thyroid function in patients with a toxic solitary autonomous thyroid nodule were evaluated. Fifty-two patients received a therapeutic dose of 20 mCi of iodine-131 (131I). Duration of follow-up was 10 +/- 4 yr. Follow-up data included a biochemical evaluation of thyroid function. The failure rate (recurrent hyperthyroidism) was 2%. The incidence of hypothyroidism was 6% and was not related to the dose per gram of nodular tissue. Oral administration of 20 mCi of radioiodine is a simple and highly effective method for the treatment of patients with a toxic autonomous thyroid nodule. The risk of development of hypothyroidism is low if extranodular uptake of 131I is prevented. This can be achieved by not treating euthyroid patients, by no longer using injections of exogenous thyroid stimulating hormone in the diagnostic work-up of the patients and by always performing radioiodine imaging shortly before treatment.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Hypothyroidism and goiter in a patient during treatment with interleukin-2.

The development of transient hypothyroidism and goiter in a patient with a metastasized malignant melanoma during treatment with recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and dacarbazine is reported. Signs of autoimmune thyroiditis became apparent 2 weeks after the start of treatment and disappeared after treatment stopped. It is likely that rIL-2 was responsible by interfering with preexisting autoimmune thyroid disease. The possible mechanisms are discussed here. Patients with positive antithyroid microsomal antibody titers are prime candidates for rIL-2-induced thyroiditis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Immunoscintigraphy of ovarian cancer with indium-111-labeled OV-TL 3 F(ab')2 monoclonal antibody.

The safety and diagnostic accuracy of immunoscintigraphy with the indium-111-labeled monoclonal antibody OV-TL 3 F(ab')2(111In-OV-TL 3 F(ab')2) for diagnosis and follow-up of ovarian cancer was prospectively studied in 31 patients. Planar and SPECT scintigraphy were performed up to 4 days after i.v. injection of 140 MBq 111In-OV-TL 3 F(ab')2. Surgical evaluation was possible in 22 out of 31 patients. Imaging results were compared with X-ray computed tomography, ultrasound, and CA 125 serum level using the histologically confirmed surgical findings as a "gold standard." Apart from a transient rash observed in two patients, no other immediate or delayed adverse reactions were observed. Within the surgically evaluated group, ovarian cancer lesions were detected in 16 out of 17 patients (94%). Of 45 distinct tumor deposits found at operation, 67% were detected and localized with immunoscintigraphy while X-ray computed tomography and ultrasound visualized 53% and 23%, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Scintigraphic detection of bone and joint infections with indium-111-labeled nonspecific polyclonal human immunoglobulin G.

The utility of indium-111-(111In) labeled immunoglobulin G (IgG) to detect infection of bone and adjacent tissues was investigated. Proof of infection was obtained by cultures taken at surgery. All 32 patients showed focally increased uptake on the technetium-99m- (99mTc) methylene diphosphonate (MDP) skeletal scintigraphies. Labeled immunoglobulin correctly identified presence, location, extent and soft-tissue involvement of the suspected inflammatory site. In these patients, focally increasing accumulation was noted over 48 hr. Discrimination between infection and sterile inflammatory lesions was not possible. Two fractures, 6-mo-old, and an aseptic loosening of a total-hip prosthesis were not visualized. Side effects after the immunoglobulin administration were not observed. Radiolabeled immunoglobulin is a new and safe radiopharmaceutical for the investigation of infectious bone and joint disease. The sensitivity of this agent appears at least as high as that of labeled leukocytes. However, labeled immunoglobulin can easily be prepared in every nuclear medicine department.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1989

Auxiliary liver transplantation in jaundiced rats with UDP-glucuronyltransferase deficiency and defective hepatobiliary transport.

In this study auxiliary liver transplantation (ALT) has been tested as a means of correcting the UDP-glucuronyltransferase deficiency in Gunn rats and the UDP-glucuronyltransferase deficiency and impaired hepatobiliary bilirubin transport in double mutant rats. In both groups serum bilirubin normalized and remained low until the end of the study at 12 weeks after transplantation in 4 out of 6 rats. Excretion of 99mTc-HIDA in non-transplanted double mutants was considerably slower than in Gunn rats (kel 0.9 x 10(-3) versus 4.3 x 10(-3) s-1). HIDA excretion by transplants in double mutants and Gunn rats was about equal (kel 1.6 x 10(-3) and 1.1 x 10(-3) s-1). Experiments with bile duct-cannulated transplants showed that in double mutants bile flow, bile acid and bilirubin excretion was 2-4 times higher than in Gunn rats. This study shows that auxiliary liver transplants can conjugate and excrete bilirubin when one of these or both functions are lacking in the recipient's liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Reversible gall bladder dysfunction in severe pancreatic insufficiency.

The present study was undertaken to examine the intestinal phase of cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion and gall bladder contraction in patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency. Plasma CCK concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, and gall bladder contraction by cholescintigraphy were studied in response to intraduodenal fat with and without addition of pancreatic enzymes. Fasting plasma CCK concentrations were in the same range in six patients with pancreatic insufficiency with (2.6 (0.2) pmol/l) and without (2.6 (0.3) pmol/l) addition of pancreatic enzymes and in six healthy subjects (2.0 (0.4) pmol/l). The integrated plasma CCK secretion in response to intraduodenal fat was significantly (p less than 0.005) reduced in the patients without addition of enzymes (46 (13) pmol/1.90 min) compared with healthy subjects (199 (22) pmol/1.90 min), but increased significantly (p less than 0.01) by the addition of pancreatic enzymes (174 (25) pmol/1.90 min) to values not significantly different from healthy subjects. Similarly, gall bladder emptying in response to intraduodenal fat was significantly (p less than 0.01) reduced in patients with pancreatic insufficiency without addition of enzymes (at 90 min: 35 (11)%) compared with healthy subjects (at 90 min: 66 (7)%) but significantly (p less than 0.01) increased by addition of pancreatic enzymes (at 90 min: 70 (8)%) to values not significantly different from healthy subjects. These results indicate that patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency have impaired gall bladder emptying after intraduodenal fat, which can be normalised by the addition of pancreatic enzymes. This impaired gall bladder emptying appears to be the result of a reduced plasma CCK response. Thus, intra-intestinal pancreatic enzymes play an important role in the intestinal phase of CCK secretion and gall bladder emptying.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Simultaneous measurement of gallbladder emptying with cholescintigraphy and US during infusion of physiologic doses of cholecystokinin: a comparison.

Both ultrasonography (US) and cholescintigraphy are used to study gallbladder dynamics. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the two methods provide the same or different information relating to gallbladder emptying. Emptying was simultaneously studied with both methods during infusion of graded physiologic doses of cholecystokinin (CCK) in six healthy subjects. Infusion of stepwise increasing doses of CCK, ranging from 0.03 to 0.5 Ivy dog units per kilogram of body weight per hour (IDU/kg.h), induced significant dose-related increases in plasma CCK, decreases in gallbladder volume assessed with US, and gallbladder emptying assessed with cholescintigraphy. The threshold dose for inducing significant gallbladder emptying was 0.13 IDU/kg.h, as determined with both techniques, indicating similar detection limits. There was a highly significant correlation between decreases in gallbladder volume and decreases in radioactive counts over the gallbladder region, with a tendency toward greater gallbladder responses at sonography during the early phase of gallbladder contraction and toward greater responses at cholescintigraphy during the later phase of gallbladder contraction. It is concluded that these methods can be used interchangeably for the quantitation of gallbladder emptying.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Caffeine reduces dipyridamole-induced myocardial ischemia.

The mechanism of action of coronary vasodilation after dipyridamole may be based on inhibition of cellular uptake of circulating endogenous adenosine. Since caffeine has been reported to be a competitive antagonist of adenosine we studied the effect of caffeine on the outcome of dipiridamole-201Tl cardiac imaging in one patient. During caffeine abstinence dipyridamole induced myocardial ischemia with down-slope ST depressions on the ECG, and reversible perfusion defects on the scintigrams. When the test was repeated 1 wk later on similar conditions, but now shortly after infusion of caffeine (4 mg/kg), the ECG showed no, and the scintigrams only slight signs of ischemia. We conclude that when caffeine abstinence is not sufficient, the widespread use of coffee and related products may be responsible for false-negative findings in dipyridamole-201Tl cardiac imaging.

Caffeine↗
PubMed1988

Radioactive contamination of Kiev vacationers after the Chernobyl accident. Biological half-life of Cs.

Two young women vacationing in Kiev just after the Chernobyl accident received light radioactive contamination in and on their bodies, and on their clothing. The internal and external body contaminations were determined using a whole body counter and a pure germanium detector on two dates, 80 days apart. The total body activity that could not be diminished by washing corresponded to 50 kBq at the time of contamination. Important internal radionuclides were 131I, 137Cs and 134Cs causing a committed effective dose equivalent of 0.4 mSv. The biological half-life of Cs was 60 days. In the clothing 16 different radionuclides, including 239Np, were found at various levels of activity.

Accidents↗
PubMed1987

Gastrointestinal blood loss during treatment with naproxen for rheumatoid arthritis.

In 9 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis we studied gastrointestinal blood loss during well tolerated therapy with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug naproxen, 500 mg twice daily. The mean gastrointestinal blood loss, assessed with reinfused autologous 51Cr-labelled erythrocytes, was 1.4 +/- 0.6 ml/day (mean +/- SD) and did not exceed the upper normal level. No relationship was observed between individual gastrointestinal blood loss and serum concentrations of protein-unbound or of total naproxen, or of the duration of drug treatment, or of the degree of disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. Two subjects developed peptic ulcer disease after the study, from which they had a blood loss of 0.9 and 1.9 ml/day, respectively.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

[Reliability of sonography in diagnosing liver metastases in breast and bronchial cancer. A retrospective comparison of physical examination, laboratory tests and liver scintigraphy].

To determine the accuracy of liver sonography in the diagnosis of liver metastases, the results of 99 patients with breast or lung cancer were compared with liver scintigraphy, physical examination, laboratory tests, histological examination and clinical follow-up. Liver sonography proved to be an accurate method to demonstrate or exclude liver metastases, with a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 90.0%. The highest accuracy was achieved if the sonographic examination of the liver was performed while there was a clinical suspicion of liver metastases and if compoundscan sonography was supplemented by real-time sonography.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Adrenal scintigraphy in primary aldosteronism. Improved visualization after long-term pre-treatment with dexamethasone.

Dexamethasone-modified adrenal scintigrams were performed on 13 patients with an aldosterone-producing adenoma and on one patient with an aldosterone-producing carcinoma. Adrenal scintigrams using 131I-19-Iodocholesterol were obtained after short pre-treatment with dexamethasone, while 131I-6 beta-Iodomethyl-19-Nor-Cholesterol scintigrams were performed after long-term pre-treatment with dexamethasone during 9-21 days. Using the former procedure the adrenal scintigrams correctly identified the adenoma in 3 of 8 patients, while with the latter procedure the adrenal scintigrams localized the adenomas in 8 out of 9 patients, including 3 patients in whom the former procedure had failed. The adrenal carcinoma was not visualized with 131I-6 beta-Iodomethyl-19-Nor-Cholesterol. Thus, the sensitivity of 131I-19-Iodocholesterol scintigrams to detect aldosterone-producing adenomas was only 37.5%. Uptake of radioactivity in the normal contralateral adrenal gland accounted for the low detection rate. On the other hand, the 131I-6 beta-Iodomethyl-19-Nor-Cholesterol scintigrams, performed after long-term pre-treatment with dexamethasone, had a sensitivity of 89%. It is suggested that long-term pre-treatment with dexamethasone contributed to the improved sensitivity by a more effective suppression of radioactivity uptake in the normal adrenal gland.

19-Iodocholesterol↗