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Biomedical subjects

F Gouin

Publications and source records attributed to F Gouin.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Chemoprevention with intravenous doxycycline in 40 cases of colonic esophagoplasty].

Doxycycline was used to prevent infection in 40 patients undergoing oesophageal surgery (for carcinoma in 35 and for benign lesions in 5). Treatment began with induction of anaesthesia and continued in doses of at least 200 mg/day for a mean period of 10 days. Concentrations of the antibiotic were measured in the serum and colonic tissue of 20 patients, 2 hours on average after the first injection. Mean serum and tissue levels were 4.1 +/- 0.8 mcg.ml-1 and 2.9 +/- mcg.ml-1 respectively, with a tissue to serum ratio of 0.7. This ratio remained practically unchanged between the first and fourth hours post-injection. Doxycycline was successful in preventing post-operative infection in 75% of the cases. No infection due to anaerobic organisms was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Catheterization of the axillary vein in intensive care. Analysis of a series of 151 cases].

In order to lower the risks of infection and other complications during prolonged venous catheterization, percutaneous axillary venepuncture is advocated as an access route to the superior vena cava. This study relates the results of 151 attempts. Most of the patients were tracheostomized and under controlled ventilation. Catheterization was successful in 79% of the cases (119 cases). In 92 cases access to the superior vena cava was sought and in 27 cases the pulmonary artery. No major complication was observed. Bacterial contamination of the catheter tip was found in 21% of cases. Percutaneous catheterization of the axillary vein appeared to be a safe and reliable technique, especially for prolonged catheterization in high risk patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Dibekacin in the treatment of septicemia].

During an open multicentric trial (17 centers), we have treated 62 septicemia by dibekacin, alone or associated with other antibacterial drugs. Taking into account the degree of severity of these patients, the results are considered satisfactory in 47 patients. 15 failures were noted (including 9 deaths). General and local tolerance were good, in spite of the duration of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Dibekacin in bronchopulmonary infectious pathology].

Thirty six patients in an intensive care unit with a bacterial bronchopulmonary infection were treated with intraparenteral dibekacin at a dose of 3 mg/kg/day. Mean age of the patients was 55 years and the mean duration of treatment 14 days. Biological material was obtained by fibro-aspiration or pleural tap. One or more organisms were identified in 36 cases. These were essentially staphylococci and Gram negative bacilli sensitive to dibekacin. Results showed a favourable course in 26 cases and a clinical improvement in 10. Clinical and biological tolerance was good. No clinical manifestations of cochleo-vestibular toxicity were seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The infusion of catecholamines in dogs under general anaesthesia with fentanyl. The effects on intrapulmonary shunt.

The pulmonary venous admixture, PaO2, and pulmonary and systemic haemodynamics were studied in six mongrel dogs during infusion of dobutamine (infusion rate 7.5 micrograms . kg-1 . min-1), dopamine (7.5 micrograms . kg-1 . min-1) and isoproterenol (0.1 microgram . kg-1 . min-1). Anaesthesia was performed by a single injection of Fentanyl (0.35 mg/kg). The carbon dioxide tension and body temperature were strictly maintained within limits. Only isoproterenol produced a significant change in pulmonary arterial pressure from an average of 1.2 +/- 0.4 kPa to 1.6 +/- 0.2 kPa (P less 0.05). There was no significant change in systemic haemodynamics with any of the three drugs. The use of catecholamines in dogs with healthy lungs does not induce any development in pulmonary venous admixture when haemodynamics are unchanged. Changes in these variables are dependent upon changes in pulmonary blood flow rather than being direct effects of the catecholamine.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of septicemia with latamoxef. Multicentric study of 60 cases].

Sixty patients including forty two males and eighteen females, age range: 18-87 years, received antibacterial single drug treatment with latamoxef for septicemia. Forty nine patients had underlying conditions including multiple trauma, neoplasm, cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory tract diseases. Causative pathogens were isolated in all cases. The predominant isolates were E. coli (thirty), Klebsiella pneumoniae (tent) and Enterobacter (seven). A single organism was isolated in fifty seven cases; in the other three cases two organisms were isolated from blood cultures. Mean daily dosage was 46.6 +/- 6.1 mg . kg-1 (range: 14-113 mg . kg-1). In the majority of cases (fifty two) dosage was 3 g . d-1 or less; in thirty cases it was no higher than 2 g . d-1. Duration of therapy ranged from six to thirty eight days. Serum titer was measured in many cases and latamoxef blood levels were assayed in nine patients. A satisfactory clinical response was achieved in fifty eight cases and fifty eight bacteriological cures were also obtained. There was no statistically significant difference in therapeutic response between the 2 g and 3 g daily dosage groups. Tolerance was very good; untoward effects were few and required drug discontinuation in one case only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Serial measurement of serum levels of amikacin. Value in therapy].

Amikacin serum levels were measured 256 times in 65 patients admitted into the intensive care unit for various reasons over 18 months. These measurements confirmed the dosage of 5 micrograms per kg repeated every 8 hours in patients with normal renal function. Forty eight hours before the first measurement, a control assay is essential to check that there is no residual antibiotic and that the antibacterial activity of the serum is zero. After this a single weekly control is sufficient to check that the residual level is effective and non toxic, i.e. between 2 and 6 micrograms per ml. However, in patients with acute renal insufficiency, there are three dosage schemas which should be used depending on the creatinine level. These three schemas are nevertheless not sufficient to continue effective therapy without a risk of toxic side effects. It is therefore necessary to check both the pack levels and the residual levels regularly from the beginning of treatment. Two to three weekly controls are essential to avoid a risk of toxic side effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Total thoracic compliance. Determination by calculator and comparison with values obtained with the syringe method (author's transl)].

The performance of a calculator was studied on 19 patients requiring therapy with mechanical ventilation. Values of total compliance displayed by this calculator device were compared with values obtained with the syringe method. The determination of compliance were made at a series of values for Tidal volume (T. V.): 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 23 and 26 ml.kg-1. Measurements were performed while patients were paralysed by pancuronium bromide. In each patient the calculator device displayed values that correlate closely with the value obtained by the syringe method. Compliance increased between 3 and 26 ml.kg-1 of T. D. Between 4 and 15 ml.kg-1 of TD the changes of compliance were nearly identical whatever the method of measurement used. The calculator can be used for reliable monitoring or recordings of total compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Results of a year's mycologic and immunologic surveillance of Candida in an intensive care ward].

Patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit must be considered to be exposed to a "high risk" in terms of candida infection. They often combine several of the factors favouring the development of "candida disease": generally deficient state, multiple antibiotics, iatrogenic or pathological immune depression. While certain patients who are admitted are already suffering from "candida infestation" (endogenous localization), the possibilities of exagenous infection are numerous. This study involved 63 patients spending at least one week in the department, from September 1977 to September 1978. Mycological (pharyngeal swab, urine culture, blood culture) and immunological (hemagglutination, immunoelectrophoresis, immunofluorescence) studies were carried out routinely on admission and then every week. Amongst the 63 patients studied, 12 were admitted with negative serology, which became positive during the first 10 days. 5 already had positive serology at the time of admission. From a mycological standpoint, the pharyngeal swab was frequently positive on admission (17 times out of 63). In 63 patients, the infection was acquired during the course of the hospital stay and, in this case, positive urine cultures were more regularly associated with a positive pharyngeal culture.

Candida↗