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Biomedical subjects

F Gimeno

Publications and source records attributed to F Gimeno.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of theophylline on cortisol plasma concentrations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

To further understand the therapeutic action of theophylline, we investigated, in a randomized double-blind crossover study, the effects of a 4-day treatment with two different dosage regimens of theophylline on the circadian rhythm of cortisol plasma concentrations in seven COPD patients. Both theophylline regimens resulted in plasma concentrations in the therapeutic range (more than 7.5 mg/l). No significant differences between placebo and the active trial periods in the circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion were found. These results suggest that cortisol secretion is not influenced by therapeutic plasma concentrations of theophylline.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Chronopharmacodynamics and kinetics after symmetric and asymmetric multiple theophylline doses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In a randomized double-blind crossover study, the effects of 4 days of symmetric or asymmetric dosing with sustained-release theophylline (Sabidal-SR) were compared with placebo in ten patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a stable state. The doses were 450 mg b.i.d. and 270 mg plus 630 mg, respectively. Special attention was paid to circadian rhythms in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects, during 24 h of measuring. The peak plasma theophylline concentrations at night with a symmetric dosage were lower than with an asymmetric dosage: 11.5 mg/l (+/- 3.8) and 13.6 mg/l (+/- 4.4), respectively. Both theophylline regimens caused a significant increase in vital capacity (8%) and in forced expiratory volume in one second (15%), and also a decrease of specific viscous work of breathing (49%). There were no significant differences in pharmacodynamic effects between the symmetric and asymmetric dosing regimen. An exception was the heart rate, that increased significantly only with an asymmetric dose. We found no correlation between the theophylline plasma concentration and the changes in lung function and heart rate. Theophylline had no influence on subjective findings of the patients, nor on the oxygen saturation of the blood during sleep.

Absorption↗
PubMed1988

A placebo-controlled comparison between the bronchodilatory effects of ipratropium bromide inhaled as a dry powder and by metered dose inhaler in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

A placebo-controlled study was performed to compare the effect of the inhalation of ipratropium bromide as a powder (capsule = 40 micrograms) and by pressurized aerosol (two puffs of 20 micrograms; ie, 40 micrograms). Fifteen patients (nine males and six females) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were studied in a double-blind crossover comparison of the two different modes of administration. The VC, FEV1 and viscous work of breathing time-response curves were almost identical, indicating bronchodilation. We conclude that in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the powder inhalation was not more effective than the pressurized aerosol. It could, however, be offered as an alternative to patients with poor hand-lung coordination. The patients tolerated the two modes of administration without difficulties: no local irritation or coughing was observed.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1986

The positive feedback of estradiol on gonadotropin secretion in women with perimenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

The functionality of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis was explored in 27 women with perimenopausal dysfunctional uterine bleeding. The positive feedback effect of estradiol on LH and FSH was studied by the estrogen challenge test, which was performed by a single i.m. injection of estradiol benzoate. An early decline of both LH and FSH was followed by an increase of LH, mainly due to the cases in which the estrogen test was positive. FSH remained low through the whole period tested. The results were compared with those found in 5 normal menstruating women. The frequency of positive estrogen tests, defined by an acute estradiol-induced discharge of LH, was lower in the perimenopausal patients (P less than 0.025). The results of the tests used in our study showed an impairment of the positive feedback system in the perimenopausal-dysfunctional-bleeding group.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1986

Ear oximetry studies during sleep in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a stable state.

Changes in ear oxygen saturation (SaO2) during the night were measured in 12 elderly patients (mean age = 63.4 +/- 6.7 years) with stable severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The mean FEV1 was 0.84 L (range = 0.45 to 1.30 L) and the mean SaO2 daytime value was 94.4% (range = 93% to 96%). The mean maximal decrease in SaO2 from daytime to sleep was 2.3% (range = 0% to 4%). There was no correlation between the decrease in SaO2 during sleep and the degree of airways obstruction, or the daytime SaO2. In contrast to published data, our 12 patients did not have a significantly lower mean minimum SaO2 than those without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of disodium cromoglycate, terbutaline and thiazinamium in the prevention of exercise-induced asthma and its relation to non-specific bronchial responsiveness.

The protective effect of pre-exercise treatment with disodium cromoglycate (DC), terbutaline sulphate (TS) and thiazinamium methylsulphate (TM) on exercise-induced asthma (EIA) was investigated. Thirty-one adults each exercised for over 6 min on a bicycle ergometer. Each subject performed five tests. The first and last exercise tests served as controls. A profile of bronchial reactivity based on the combination of hyperreactivity - as measured by acetylcholine (a), histamine (h) and propranolol (p) - was drawn up. The following combinations and frequencies were based on the response (+ or -) in hyperreactivity studies: group (h+, a+, p+) was present in 21 of the 31 patients studied, group (h-, a+, p+) in 6 patients, group (h+, a+, p-) in 2 patients and group (h-, a+, p-) in 2 patients. The proportion of patients effectively protected from their EIA was 80% for TS, 60% for DC and 40% for TM. These findings suggest that there exists a consistent heterogeneity in the patients' response to exercise, possibly related to the individual distribution of receptors leading to bronchial hyperreactivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of ventilatory variables in survival prediction of patients with chronic airflow obstruction: the importance of reversibility.

The relative usefulness of various indices of (ir) reversibility in predicting survival is reported for 129 patients with severe chronic airflow limitation (initial Forced Expiratory Volume in one second, FEV1, less than or equal to 1000 ml). The generally applied increase of FEV1 as a percentage of the initial FEV1 value (delta FEV1% in) and the increase of FEV1 as a percentage of the predicted FEV1 after an anticholinergic drug (delta FEV1%pred) are not related to survival. The increase of FEV1 as a percentage of the "maximal" attainable increase to the predicted level, as estimated by predicted minus initial FEV1 (delta FEV1%(predin], is, next to the severity of airflow obstruction after bronchodilation (FEV1pb% pred), significantly related to prognosis. After controlling for smoking, delta FEV1% (pred-in) was the best indicator of reversibility in prognosis prediction. Next to smoking and delta FEV1% (pred-in) also the irreversible part of airflow obstruction FEV1%FIV1 after bronchodilation appeared to influence survival independently in this particular patient population with severe airflow obstruction.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1984

Changes in oxygen saturation and heart frequency during sleep in young normal subjects.

Changes in oxygen saturation and heart frequency were measured during sleep in a group of 21 normal subjects (9 women and 12 men) aged 19-25. At the time of the investigation all were non-smokers, they had no respiratory complaints, and indices of lung function (lung volumes, volume-pressure diagram, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide) were within normal limits. In contrast to published data, there were no major changes in oxygen saturation and no differences between men and women.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Ventricular tachycardia in a healthy child. Electrophysiological study and review of the literature].

Report of a healthy child with ventricular tachycardia is the reason for a review on the literature on this subject. Diagnosis can be made with usual electrocardiographic criteria and surely by electrophysiologic studies. Latter technique allows to study the origin, mechanism, efficiency of drugs and the type of pace-maker in case of drug treatment failure. Case report exemplifies all these aspects, and the essentials about etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are mentioned in the literature review.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Rheumatic carditis and its future (author's transl)].

Authors report results of the study of a series of rheumatic heart disease in 34 children between three and 14 years old, followed-up from one month to 14 years (mean six years and six months), and another one of 14 adults operated because of cardiac sequelae, in whom the average age was 48. The most significant results are: more common in autumn-winter (62%) and females (60%); family history of rheumatic fever (55%); low social level; mitral predominance with mitral regurgitation in children and stenosis in adults; during puberty age; without symptoms in the joints in 36%, and with better prognosis since 1974. Parameters with prognostic value in the prediction of sequelae were: family history of rheumatic fever; rural environment; increase in cardiac volume, PR prolongation in the ECG and inadequate treatment and prophylaxis. 36% of the mitral lesions and 20% of the aortic ones disappeared. The main conclusion is the need for intensive treatment during the acute period of the disease and continuous prevention during the rest of their lives of cardiac sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Male pseudohermaphroditism with 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. A case report.

A case of male pseudohermaphroditism with 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency is reported in a 23-year-old woman presenting with primary amenorrhoea and a history of bilateral inguinal hernia repair. She was tall, had hypoplastic external genitalia with a blood pressure of 220/140 mm Hg. Her karyotype was XY. Acute adrenal failure occurred following exploratory laparotomy. After treatment with glucocorticoids and oestrogens, the hormone and electrolyte profiles returned to normal and the blood pressure fell. The biochemical implications of this enzyme deficiency are discussed.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗