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Biomedical subjects

F Gejyo

Publications and source records attributed to F Gejyo.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Apolipoprotein E and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in dialysis-related amyloidosis.

Dialysis-related amyloidosis as represented by carpal tunnel syndrome is a serious complication of long-term dialysis treatment of patients with chronic renal failure. beta 2-microglobulin has been identified as a structural component of the amyloid deposits, but other factors also are associated with amyloid formation. We recently demonstrated the presence of apolipoprotein E and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in the amyloid deposits. We therefore analyzed how polymorphic variants of both genes were related to the onset of amyloidosis. Among the apolipoprotein E genotypes, allele epsilon 2 represented a protective factor that delayed the onset of disease. In contrast, polymorphic alpha 1-antichymotrypsin alleles had no effect on the onset of amyloidosis. Thus, the apolipoprotein E epsilon 2 allele can be added to the list of factors that determine the onset of dialysis-related amyloidosis, which include patient age at initiation of dialysis therapy, dialysis duration, and the dialysis membrane used.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1996

High prevalence of serum apolipoprotein E4 isoprotein in rheumatoid arthritis patients with amyloidosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether serum Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) type 4 isoprotein is a risk factor for the development of amyloidosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Using isoelectric focusing, we studied Apo E phenotype expression and the corresponding allele frequencies (epsilon 2, epsilon 3, and epsilon 4) in 35 patients with RA and amyloidosis, 65 patients with RA and without amyloidosis, and 63 healthy controls. RESULTS: The Apo E3/4 phenotype was significantly more common in the group with amyloidosis (31.4%) than in the patients without amyloidosis (12.3%; P < 0.05) or in healthy controls (12.7%; P < 0.05). The frequency of the epsilon 4 allele was significantly greater in the group with amyloidosis (0.16) than in the patients without amyloidosis (0.07; P < 0.05) or in healthy controls (0.07; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The presence of Apo E4 isoprotein may be a risk factor for the development of amyloidosis in patients with RA.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Circulating IgA, IgG, and IgM class antibody against Haemophilus parainfluenzae antigens in patients with IgA nephropathy.

We previously demonstrated a close relationship between the outer membranes of Haemophilus parainfluenzae (HP) antigens (OMHP) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Our objective was to clarify the relationship among IgA, IgG, and IgM class antibody against OMHP in the sera of 44 patients with IgAN and 62 patients with other glomerular diseases (OGD) by ELISA. Patients with IgAN showed a significantly higher level of IgA antibodies (P less than 0.0005) and IgG antibodies (P less than 0.001) against OHMP, than did patients with OGD. Positive correlations were observed between IgA and IgG antibodies, between IgA and IgM antibodies, and between IgG and IgM antibodies against OMHP in the sera of patients with IgAN. Immunoblotting showed that IgA, IgG, or IgM antibodies against OMHP in the sera of all patients with IgAN bound to components of OMHP. Amino acid sequences of three components of OMHP recognized by the sera from patients with IgAN revealed homology with those reported for outer membrane protein (OMP) P6 precursor, OMP P5, and P2 porin protein of H. influenzae. Results suggest that patients with IgAN have glomerular deposits of OMP P6 precursor, OMP P5, or P2 porin protein of HP, and a specific increase in the production of IgA antibodies against OMHP via polyclonal activation against these, with switching of production from one isotype to another, e.g. from IgM to IgA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Renal functional measurements in young rats with chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase.

The purpose of the present study was to examine renal functional changes caused by chronic blockade of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in young rats. Two types of NO synthase inhibitor were used: NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) as a non-selective inhibitor and aminoguanidine (AG) as a selective inhibitor of the inducible isoform. Oral administration of L-NAME (20-80 mg/dL of drinking water), not AG (400 mg/dL), for 4 weeks induced systemic hypertension in the treated rats. Both inhibitors caused a significant reduction in urinary excretion of NO2-/NO3-. Rats treated with L-NAME developed proteinuria and tubular enzymuria (high excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) in a dose-dependent fashion, with normal serum levels of creatinine, albumin and cholesterol. Chronic AG administration did not alter the urinary levels of protein and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase or serum laboratory values. Overall, these observations highlight the importance of the continuous generation of NO by the constitutive isoform in the control of vascular tone and the maintenance of renal glomerular and tubular function. Oral administration of L-NAME may serve as a model of chronic NO-deficient hypertension with renal injury in young rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The clinical significance of the measurement of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptors in various diseases].

We measured the serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in patients with collagen disease, viral hepatitis, and chronic renal failure on hemodialysis (HD) by enzyme immunoassay. sIL-2R levels were significantly higher in patients with collagen diseases (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 843 +/- 509; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 774 +/- 308; Sjögren's syndrome (SjS), 760 +/- 288; progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), 649 +/- 198U/ml), with the viral markers of hepatitis B or C (HBsAg positives, 911 +/- 589; anti-HCV positives, 664 +/- 455U/ml) or with chronic renal failure on HD(1,431 +/- 406U/ml) than in the controls (302 +/- 57U/ml). In RA patients, there was a significant positive correlation between sIL-2R level and Lansbury's Indice or serum rheumatoid factor level. Patients with viral hepatitis showed a significantly positive correlation between the sIL-2R level and the level of ZTT or TTT. There was a significant difference between the HD patients with the anti-HCV antibody and those without, and between those with the anti human T lymphotrophic virus-I (HTLV-I) antibody and those without. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the sIL-2R level and duration of HD. These findings suggest that sIL-2R is a useful marker for disease activity in collagen diseases, especially in RA, and chronic viral infection such as HBV, HCV or HTLV-I in HD patients.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1996

[A quantitative of serum biotin with microplate-assay using affinity streptavidin].

We modified Bayer's method of micro-plate assay for quantitation of biotin concentration. Biotin concentration in the solution and serum which cannot be quantitated directly by a microorganism assay (bio-assay), was easily determined by this method, which showed a high affinity of streptavidin for biotin this method and had a wide measurement range (0.9-60,000 pg/ml). We measured the concentration of biotin in 150 sera from 44 patients (21 males and 23 females) with active hepatitis (high level of both GOT and GPT, over 100 IU/l), 15 patients (7 males and 8 females) with inactive hepatitis (positive HCV-Ab but within normal limits of both GOT and GPT level), 17 patients (8 males and 9 females) with hepatoma and liver cirrhosis and 71 healthy persons (34 males and 37 females). The biotin concentration of sera in the healthy persons was 243.5 +/- 184.6 pg/ml, there being no sex difference. The biotin concentration in sera was higher in the patients than in healthy persons. It was high in the hepatoma and cirrhosis group (4,394.0 +/- 6,176.3), the active hepatitis group (2,397.4 +/- 2,785.5), and the inactive hepatitis group (1,873.2 +/- 1,523.7). These findings suggest that the biotin concentration is not significantly correlated with an escape enzyme such as GOT and GPT. These findings suggest that a high biotin concentration reflects other mechanisms such as escape from damaged liver cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The clinical significance of glitter-cells in the urine during urinary tract infection].

To clarify the relationship between glitter-cells and urine osmotic pressure, neutrophils were isolated from venous blood of 4 normal volunteers and incubated in urine specimens with different osmotic pressures. Glitter-cells were detected in the urine with 100-400 mOsm/l. The rate of glitter-cells in neutrophils incubated for 4 hours were significantly less than those incubated for 0 minute (p < 0.05). We clinically investigated the relationship between the presence of glitter-cells in fresh urine and the site of urinary tract infection (UTI) or organisms isolated from urine. Fresh urine samples were obtained from 95 patients (55 male and 40 female). Urine samples were examined for bacteriuria by the quantitative culture method, and significant bacteriuria was defined as more than 10(5)/ml of bacilli for midstream urine or as more than 10(4)/ml for urine collected by catheterization. Leukocytes and glitter-cells in the unspun and unstained urine were counted on a disposable slide using a counting chamber. Patients with upper UTI showed a significantly higher incidence of glitter-cells than patients with lower UTI (p < 0.05). Patients with glitter-cells had a significantly higher incidence of polymicrobial infections than those without glitter-cell (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that patients with glitter-cells in the urine show upper UTI (pyelonephritis) and polymicrobial infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Role of IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies against Haemophilus parainfluenzae antigens in IgA nephropathy.

We have recently demonstrated glomerular deposition of outer membranes of Haemophilus parainfluenzae (HP) antigens (OMHP) and the presence of IgA antibody against OMHP in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgA-N). In this study, we analyzed IgA-, IgG-, and IgM-classes of antibodies against OMHP, and the relationship between these antibodies and renal lesions in IgA-N. The subjects included 44 patients with IgA-N and 62 patients with outer glomerular diseases (OGD); the latter group consisted of 23 patients with predominantly IgG or IgM deposits and small amounts of IgA in the mesangium (group A), and 39 with IgG or IgM deposits without IgA (group B). IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies against OMHP in patients sera were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoblotting demonstrated that the IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies against OMHP in the sera of IgA-N patients bound to components of OMHP with molecular weights of 19.5, 30, and 40.5 kD. The amino acid compositions of these three OMHP components were similar to those reported for the outer membrane protein (OMP) P6 precursor, OMP P5, and OMP P2 (porin) of Haemophilus influenzae. Both IgA-N and group A patients, (i.e. those with IgA-related renal disease), demonstrated a significantly higher level of IgA antibodies against OMHP than did group B patients. However, only IgA-N patients revealed a significant correlation between the IgA-antibody titer and degree of glomerular changes. IgA-N patients with macroscopic hematuria or arterio(lo)sclerosis had a significantly higher IgA antibody titer than other IgA-N patients. There was no relationship between renal lesions and IgG or IgM antibody titers in any group. These findings suggest that IgA antibodies against OMHP are significantly increased in patients with IgA-related renal disease compared to those without mesangial IgA deposits and that a significant relationship between these antibodies and renal lesions exists only in patients with IgA-N.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Detection of numerical chromosomal aberrations in hematopoietic malignancy by in situ hybridization on bone marrow aspirate paraffin sections].

We evaluated the usefulness of in situ hybridization (ISH) with chromosome specific DNA probe on paraffin sections of bone marrow aspirates. Twenty cases of hematopoietic malignancy and eight control cases of non-hematopoietic malignancy were examined with centromere-specific probes for chromosomes 8 and 17. In the eight control cases, the mean rates of cells with more than three hybridization signals were 1.13 (2SD = 1.90) for chromosome 8, and 0.88 (2SD = 2.25) for chromosome 17. The mean rates plus 2SD were 3.03 for chromosome 8, and 3.19 for chromosome 17. Therefore, we defined cases of more than 4.0% of cells showing more than three hybridization signals per nuclei as having a numerical abnormality (trisomy). We compared these results with conventional cytogenetic results by karyotype analysis. In twenty hematopoietic malignancy cases, three cases demonstrated trisomy 8 by ISH. Two cases also demonstrated this abnormality by karyotype analysis, but one case showed no abnormality by karyotype analysis. While trisomy 17 detected in one case that did not demonstrate numerical abnormality, only structural abnormality by karyotype analysis. The rate of discrepancy between results of ISH analysis and those of karyotype analysis was only 5% (2/40) for both chromosomes. In five cases, re-examinations were performed within three months. In one case, we could not obtain adequate material for karyotype analysis. However, this case showed trisomy 8 by ISH. Structural chromosomal abnormalities such as translocation or deletion could not be detected by this ISH analysis with centromere-specific probes. However, this method has the advantage result that we can perform retrospective assessments, do not need to culture cell, and can compare with pathological findings. Thus, we conclude that ISH analysis with paraffin sections of bone marrow aspirates will provide more useful information by combining ISH analysis and karyotype analysis.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1995

Learning from the Japanese Registry: how will we prevent long-term complications? Niigata Research Programme for beta 2-M Removal Membrane.

As compared to Europe and USA, the survival rate of chronic haemodialysis (HD) patients in Japan is demonstrated by the Japanese Registry to be high. However, another Japanese Registry nationwide survey on their quality of life revealed serious osteoarticular disorders increasing with the duration of HD. Selecting plasma beta2-microglobulin (beta2-M) as a marker, a prospective study on the long-term clinical effect of a beta2-M-removable membrane (PMMA BK membrane) has been performed and the changes in joint pains and plasma beta2-M have been followed for 5 years. In addition, the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and bone cysts among 225 patients maintained on HD with BK membrane was analyzed retrospectively. By continued use of BK membrane, plasma beta2-M was maintained at a significantly lower level than that in HD with conventional cellulosic membranes. The total score of joint pain in HD patients treated with BK membrane was significantly decreased and maintained at this low value throughout 5 years. In HD patients treated with BK membrane for a long period, the occurrence of CTS and bone cyst was less and postponed, as compared to patients on HD with conventional cellulosic membranes. HD-related amyloidosis had not been observed for 5 years in patients treated with BK membrane from the introduction of haemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Long-term clinical evaluation of an adsorbent column (BM-01) of direct hemoperfusion type for beta 2-microglobulin on the treatment of dialysis-related amyloidosis.

The clinical efficacy and safety of a beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) adsorbent column, BM-01, on the treatment of dialysis-related amyloidosis were investigated in 7 hemodialysis patients for more than 6 months. The percent reduction of serum beta 2M was more than 60-70%, and the level at the end of each session was less than 10 mg/L in almost all patients. The amount of beta 2M removed was calculated as more than 200-300 mg/session. The results demonstrated that BM-01 performed very well for removing beta 2M, was capable of maintaining less than 25 mg/L of time average concentration (TAC) for beta 2M, and improved the clinical symptoms. Clinically severe side effects were not observed. We recommend that BM-01 should undergo further evaluation for its usefulness in the long-term treatment of dialysis-related amyloidosis, though treatment with the column may not be successful in preventing the onset of the disease.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1995

A new enzymatic method for the determination of inulin.

A new enzymatic method for the determination of inulin in plasma and urine, using inulase (EC 3.2.1.7), fructokinase (EC 2.7.1.4), phosphoglucoisomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) is described. The assay is based on the hydrolysis of inulin or Inutest (INutest which is the injectable form of inulin), by inulase and the determination of fructose released. The assay was linear up to 2 g/L of Inutest. The within-batch and between batch coefficients of variation were 2.3% and 2.2%, respectively. Recovery of added Inutest from plasma and urine was 98-102%. There was no interference from glucose (27.7 mmol/L), fructose (1.7 mmol/L) or mannose (1.7 mmol/L). When inulin clearance (using this method) and thiosulphate clearance were compared in 37 patients the inulin clearance was 9.3 mL/min (12%) lower than the thiosulphate clearance. We conclude that this enzymatic method is a simple and specific method.

Anthracenes↗
PubMed1995

[Amyloidosis associated with long-term dialysis].

Dialysis amyloidosis is a frequent complication encountered in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis. These amyloid deposits are composed mainly of an insoluble fibrillar material that consists of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m). While this fibrillar protein is a major component of these deposits, numerous other substances have been identified in the amyloid deposits; e.g., amyloid P component, calcium, glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, collagen, protease inhibitors, k-chain protein, ubiquitin, apolipoprotein E and macrophages. Hypotheses on the pathogenesis of amyloidosis have suggested roles for each of these factors. The pathogenesis of beta 2-m-related amyloidosis is probably multifactorial, with the retention of beta 2-m presumed to be the basic requirement for its initiation. It has been demonstrated in vivo that radiolabeled beta 2-m accumulates at the site of amyloid deposits. Our autoradiographic study of synovial tissue demonstrated that the cells had taken up radiolabeled beta 2-m, indicating that circulating radiolabeled-beta 2-m could be detected as an accumulation because it is taken up by the cells around the amyloid deposits. At present it can not be said that any basic treatment for beta 2-m-related amyloidosis has been established. It has been reported that the administration of a low dose of a corticosteroid may be effective in treating beta 2-m amyloid-related arthropathy. The articular symptoms resolved in most patients with corticosteroid. However, it should be borne in mind that corticosteroid may induce some adverse effects. Corticosteroid should be used only in patients with severe articular symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The clinical study on secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) in sera of patients with various pulmonary diseases].

It has been reported that secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) can be a useful indicator for acute respiratory tract inflammation. In the present study, we attempted to measure automatically the serum concentration of SLPI by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in patients with various pulmonary diseases. In this automatic measurement of SLPI, by which the results basically well-correlate with the manual method, we could measure many samples easily. Serum levels of SLPI in patients with various pulmonary diseases were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (50.5 +/- 9.8ng/ml). The serum concentration of SLPI in patients with inflammatory lung diseases correlated with that of C-reactive protein (CRP) or interleukin 6 (IL-6) significantly but not strongly. These results suggest that SLPI may be a useful indicator for local inflammation in respiratory tract. The serum concentration of SLPI in patients with lung cancer (71.1 +/- 10.8ng/ml), in particular adenocarcinoma, was significantly higher than that in healthy controls, but not correlated with other inflammatory markers.

Adult↗