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F Galateau-Salle

Publications and source records attributed to F Galateau-Salle.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Detection of oncogenic virus genomes and gene products in lung carcinoma.

We investigated a series of 122 cases of small cell lung carcinomas and non-small cell lung carcinomas for the presence of several viruses that are known to be oncogenic in humans. Thus, viral genomes (DNA) and/or RNA transcripts and/or proteins of human papillomaviruses (HPV) 16, 18, 31, 33, 51, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and simian virus 40 (SV40) were investigated on tissue sections (prepared in tissue microarrays) with different techniques of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation. None of the cases displayed a single positive tumour cell for all the viruses tested whatever the technique applied. Of note, in five cases of tumours with lymphoid infiltrates, we detected scattered EBV (EBER)-positive bystander lymphocytes. In three cases, a faint nuclear staining was found with the anti-latent nuclear antigen/LANA1 (HHV-8) antibody. These cases were checked by PCR with two sets of primers (orf 26 and orf 75) and remained negative for this latter virus. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that the conventional human oncogenic viruses (HPV, EBV, HCMV, HHV-8 and SV40) are unlikely to play some role in the development of lung carcinomas..

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Prostatic neuroendocrine tumor in multiple endocrine neoplasia Type 2B.

We report the unusual occurrence of a neuroendocrine prostatic tumor in two young males with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2B. Immunohistochemistry of the tumor markers may help differentiate a primary neuroendocrine prostate tumor from the metastasis of a medullary thyroid carcinoma of poor prognosis. MEN 2B hallmarks (i.e. plasma thyrocalcitonin and urinary metanephrines) may be systematically investigated in neuroendocrine tumors of the prostate, and conversely prostate examination may be performed in the periodic screening of MEN 2B male patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Epidemiology and diagnosis of respiratory syncitial virus in adults].

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is rarely searched for in respiratory infections in adults. This study assessed its frequency and diagnosis. METHODS: Three separate studies were conducted in adults presenting with (1) a flu-like illness, (2) a lower respiratory tract infection in the community, and (3) a severe pneumonia requiring hospitalisation. The diagnosis of RSV infection was sought by PCR in all cases, and compared to antigen detection and culture in two studies. RESULTS: RSV was identified in 20 (11.7%) of 170 influenza-vaccinated adults suffering from flu-like symptoms. In the 270 cases of non-severe lower respiratory tract illnesses in the community, viruses were identified in 86 (31.8%) cases, with RSV accounting for 13 (4.8%). In the 164 cases of acute bronchitis, a virus was detected in 64 (36.7%) of which 11 (6.3%) were RSV, 37 (21.3%) rhinovirus, 5 influenza viruses A and B, and 12 other viruses. In the 60 cases of infective exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, rhinovirus was detected in 9 (15%) and para-influenza 3 virus in 2 cases. In the 21 acute pneumonia's, 1 RSV, 1 influenza virus A and 2 rhinovirus cases were detected as well as 1 RSV, 1 parainfluenza 3 viruses and 4 rhinovirus cases in the 11 lower respiratory tract illnesses in patients with pre-existing lung disease. There were overall 19 viral and bacterial associated infections. Finally, in the 51 acute pneumonias hospitalised with respiratory distress syndrome, a virus was identified in 17 (33.3%) cases, including 3 (5.5%) RSV, 6 influenza A, 3 rhinovirus, 2 adenovirus, 2 herpes simplex virus and 1 cytomegalovirus. There were 6 bacterial-associated infections, and 4 were hospital-acquired. All RSV-infected patients were old people and had chronic pulmonary or cardiac disease. CONCLUSIONS: In adults, RSV is a frequent cause of flu-like symptoms. It can sometimes cause lower respiratory tract illness, which can be severe, and should be considered in the differential diagnosis in such cases. The PCR method is a particularly effective diagnostic test, but as yet is not routinely available.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Estimation of the incidence of pleural mesothelioma according to death certificates in France.

BACKGROUND: The number of cases of pleural mesothelioma in France has varied substantially according to methods of assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected information from certifying physicians about 316 subjects who died between 1 July 1992 and 30 June 1993 in three regions of France with a cause of death coded as ICD-9 category 163. The ICD codes selected as the cause of death for 178 deaths between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 1992 histologically confirmed and diagnosed as pleural mesothelioma by an expert committee were examined. Finally, we used this information to estimate the number of deaths from pleural mesothelioma in France in 1992. RESULTS: In Part I, 45% (men: 54%; women: 28%) of the cases coded as ICD-9 section 163 were definitely or probably mesothelioma; 18% (men: 16%; women: 21%) possibly mesothelioma; and 37% (men: 30%; women: 51%) other tumors, primarily adenocarcinoma metastases. In Part II, 74% of the confirmed pleural mesotheliomas were coded in category 163 (men: 75%; women: 70%). Extrapolation nationwide indicated that 902 deaths were coded as ICD-9 163 in 1992: 521 cases involved definite or probable mesothelioma and 724 definite, probable, and possible cases. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of this sample suggests that estimating the number of mesothelioma cases from the cause-of-death statistics may overestimate their incidence, but that death certificates appeared to report the diagnosis of histologically confirmed mesothelioma accurately.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed2002

Primary thymic epithelial tumours of the pleura mimicking malignant mesothelioma.

AIMS: To illustrate the macroscopic, light microscopic and immunophenotypic similarities that exist between primary pleural thymic epithelial tumours and diffuse malignant mesothelioma. To investigate the expression of the mesothelial markers, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, calretinin and thrombomodulin in a series of mediastinal thymic epithelial tumours. METHODS AND RESULTS: Over a 10-year period, 64 diffuse pleural tumours of non-mesothelial histogenesis were identified in the files of referrals to the South Wales regional thoracic centre (Llandough Hospital, Cardiff). Of these, five pleural tumours were diagnosed as primary pleural thymic epithelial neoplasms. From the files of the Mesopath group, Caen, three additional cases of thymic epithelial tumours with pleural involvement were identified. The study group comprised eight cases (four males, four females) with median age at presentation of 56 years (range 19-75 years). In one case there was a history of asbestos exposure. Macroscopically, seven tumours formed diffuse pleural masses. No mediastinal abnormality or intraparenchymal lesions were seen in five cases. By light microscopy, seven thymic epithelial neoplasms showed a lobulated architecture, one appeared extensively cystic. The tumours were of varied morphological subtypes: one medullary (WHO Type A), two mixed (WHO Type AB), three predominantly cortical (WHO Type B1) and two cortical (WHO Type B1). The subtypes morphologically mimicked sarcomatoid, biphasic, lymphohistiocytoid variant and epithelioid mesothelioma. The pleural thymic epithelial tumours showed immunoreactivity with broad spectrum cytokeratin AE1/AE3 (8/8; 100%), CK5/6 (8/8; 100%), and 1/8 (13%) expressed thrombomodulin. Calretinin showed variable nuclear and cytoplasmic expression in all cases, but equivocally in the thymic epithelial cell component. In 7/8 (88%) the thymic epithelial cells exhibited focal aberrant expression of CD20. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) showed focal expression in the perivascular and organoid areas in 6/8 (75%) cases. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CD34 were uniformly negative. In 4/8 (50%) cases the lymphoid cell component was of immature phenotype expressing CD99, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and lymphoid precursors had a high proliferation fraction with Ki67. In the series of 20 primary mediastinal thymic epithelial tumours tested, mesothelial marker expression revealed CK5/6 (20/20), thrombomodulin (3/20; 15%) and calretinin (0/20; 0%). Varying amounts of calretinin-positive stromal cells were present. CONCLUSION: Primary pleural thymic epithelial tumours are rare but may mimic malignant mesothelioma by forming diffuse serosal-based masses. In addition, both tumours may show morphological diversity (with epithelial, spindled and mixed components present). An awareness that thymic epithelial tumours may variably express the mesothelial markers CK5/6, calretinin and thrombomodulin prevents misdiagnosis. In the distinction from malignant mesothelioma a lobulated architecture and organoid features favour a thymic epithelial neoplasm. The presence of aberrant CD20 expression in a cytokeratin-positive epithelial neoplasm and/or the presence of an immature lymphoid population (by demonstration of CD1a, CD2, CD99 and TdT) indicates a thymic epithelial neoplasm. In contrast, nuclear calretinin expression favours malignant mesothelioma.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Incidence of digestive cancers and occupational exposure to asbestos.

While the role of exposure to asbestos in the development of several cancers such as mesotheliomas and bronchopulmonary cancers is now well established, the possible relationship between digestive cancers, other than peritoneal mesotheliomas, and occupational exposure to asbestos is still controversial. The great majority of the studies are based on mortality data. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between digestive cancer incidence and occupational exposure to asbestos in a population of subjects for whom precise occupational exposure data and precise incidence data were available. The population consisted of salaried and retired workers from a company using asbestos to manufacture fireproof textiles and friction materials. There were 1454 men (79.9%) and 366 women (20.1%). A cumulative exposure index and a mean exposure concentration in fibres/ml for each subject were calculated with the aid of an in-house job-exposure matrix. The number of cases of digestive cancer observed was compared with the expected and Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) was estimated. Precise occupational exposure data allowed us to study the dose-response relationship between asbestos exposure and risk of digestive cancer using Cox model. Fifty-six digestive cancers occurred in the study population over the 18-year follow-up period for 48.4 expected (SIR = 1.16 [0.87-1.50]). Comparing with incidence in the county, SIR was not significant for any of the digestive localization, but for peritoneum. However, even after taking into account the potential confounders via the Cox model, there was a significant dose-response relationship between the occurrence of digestive cancers and the mean exposure concentration, even after exclusion of peritoneum cancers. Our study provides initial evidence suggesting a relationship between occupational exposure to asbestos and the risk of digestive cancer: first, it is a study of incidence although the risk evidenced is not significant; secondly, a dose-effect relationship is demonstrated in the whole population. However, these preliminary results require confirmation by more powerful studies focusing on larger series.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Asbestos bodies in the sputum of asbestos workers: correlation with occupational exposure.

A cross-sectional medical survey including collection of three consecutive sputum samples was carried out among 270 retired workers of a textile and friction materials factory, in order to investigate the relationship between asbestos body identification and asbestos exposure. The individual cumulative asbestos exposure, determined by means of a plant-specific job-exposure matrix based on asbestos air measurements in the workshops, proved to be heavy with a mean cumulative exposure of 217 fibres x mL(-1) x yr. Macrophages and asbestos bodies were identified in sputum samples by light microscopy. The lung origin of the sputum, suggested by the presence of macrophages and/or asbestos bodies, was confirmed in 82.6% of subjects, and 53% of these samples were positive for asbestos bodies. The prevalence of asbestos bodies was not related to sex, smoking status or latency. Conversely, multivariate analysis showed a positive relationship with cumulative exposure, duration and intensity of exposure to asbestos, as well as age and time since retirement. These findings suggest that sputum analysis for asbestos bodies may remain a relevant and noninvasive marker of heavy occupational exposure to asbestos, even years after retirement. Owing to the new perspectives in lung cancer screening, it might contribute to the identification of high-risk subjects.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

A model of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in transgenic mice expressing the simian virus 40 T antigen driven by the rat Calbindin-D9K (CaBP9K) promoter.

Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer deaths. Its origin and development remain poorly understood, partly because of the lack of pertinent animal models. This study produced transgenic mice expressing the simian virus (SV) 40 T antigen (Tag) driven by a 1011 base-pair DNA fragment of the rat Calbindin-D9K (CaBP9K) promoter. All transgenic animals developed multifocal pulmonary tumours with pathological and ultrastructural features consistent with adenocarcinomas. Using immunohistochemistry, northern blot or western blot, tumours were found to express the transcription factor TTF-1, as well as specific markers of the peripheral airway Clara cells (CC10) and alveolar type II cells (surfactant proteins A, B, C, and D). This model, with its similarities to human adenocarcinoma, should be useful not only for addressing the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of lung cancer, but also for testing new therapeutic approaches.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[HBME-1 immunostaining in thyroid pathology].

The aim of this study was to evaluate wether HBME-1 immunohistochemical analysis can reliably differentiate benign thyroid lesions from thyroid carcinomas. Fifty benign and 87 malignant lesions were analyzed. All papillary carcinomas (67/67) were HBME-1 positive, as well as 14 of 20 follicular well-differentiated carcinomas and 13 of 29 atypical follicular adenomas and 4 out of 21 goiters were weakly and focally positive. HBME-1 highlighted micronests of papillary carcinomas. The reactivity of HBME-1 in the tall-cell variant of papillary carcinomas was apical and stronger than in classical papillary carcinomas. Positive HBME-1 immunostaining is in support of the diagnosis of the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma and highlights micropapillary carcinomas. HBME-1 may be of additional value in the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed2001

[Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma: a rare pathologic entity].

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma is an unusual tumor, affecting primarily young adults who develop local disease with favorable prognosis. This contrasts with the aggressive natural history of malignant fibrohistiocytoma. We report case of a 9-year-old girl who presented with a tumor mass of soft tissues with an unusual deep location, thereby with non distinctive clinical features. Surgical treatment was performed.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2001

[Malignant mesothelioma in Basse-Normandie, a French population study. Descriptive analysis, prognostic factors and survival].

BACKGROUND: Malignant mesothelioma is a pleural and/or peritoneal tumor closely related to asbestos exposure, and its incidence should continue to increase during the first two decades of the 21(rst)century. The main prognostic factors described for this tumor are older age, sex, tumor stage and histological type. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of pleural and peritoneal malignant mesothelioma in the County of Basse-Normandie (France), as well as their epidemiological characteristics, and the prognostic factors related to survival duration. METHODS: Cases were identified through repeated inquiries among all chest physicians and pathologists of the County of Basse-Normandie. A special care was taken in the validation of the diagnosis of each case. Incidence of mesothelioma was determined according to sex and age (5 years categories). Qualitative and quantitative variables were compared with the use of chi-square or Student's t tests respectively. Survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were studied by means of Cox model. RESULTS: Study population consisted in all 80 malignant mesothelioma cases diagnosed in Basse-Normandie between the 1(rst) of September 1995 and the 31(rst) of August 1999. Annual incidence rates of pleural mesothelioma were 1.1/100 000 in men and 0.23/100 000 in women; annual incidence rates for peritoneal mesothelioma were 0.21/100 000 in men and 0.13/100 000 in women. Asbestos exposure was present in 63 cases (78.8%). The study of geographic distribution of mesothelioma cases revealed the influence of the main asbestos industrial settings, as well as the numerous scattered cases related to other occupational exposure. Mean survival duration was 9 months for pleural mesothelioma and 5 months for peritoneal mesothelioma. After adjustment on age, death risk was higher in asbestos-exposed than in non asbestos-exposed cases. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that malignant mesothelioma is closely related to asbestos exposure, but not only in main asbestos industrial settings. It suggests that asbestos exposure may take place among prognostic factors of this tumor.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary pathology of Erdheim-Chester disease.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis that may present with pulmonary symptoms. The condition seems to be nonfamilial and typically affects middle-aged adults. Radiographic and pathologic changes in the long bones are diagnostic, but patients often present with extraskeletal manifestations. Advanced pulmonary lesions are associated with extensive fibrosis that may lead to cardiorespiratory failure. The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of six patients with ECD with lung involvement are presented. The patients were three men and three women (mean age, 57). Five presented with progressive dyspnea, and one presented with diabetes insipidus. Open-lung biopsies showed histiocytic infiltrates in a lymphangitic pattern with associated fibrosis and lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrates. The histiocytes did not stain with periodic acid-Schiff. Immunoperoxidase studies performed on specimens from five of six patients showed that the histiocytes were positive for CD68 and Factor XIIIa and negative for CD1a. Specimens from two patients exhibited immunoreactivity for S-100 protein. Electron microscopy studies performed on specimens from two patients showed phagocytic lysosomes but no Birbeck granules. Clinical follow-up of up to 16 years was available. At the end of that time, five patients were dead of complications related to their disease; one patient remains alive 4 years after diagnosis but with severe respiratory compromise. ECD is a rare non-Langerhans' cell histiocytosis that may present as interstitial lung disease and resemble other pulmonary conditions, particularly usual interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. Recognition of this entity will allow better assessment of its true incidence, therapeutic options, and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Selective expression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in the stromal reactions of broncho-pulmonary carcinomas.

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is the extracellular enzyme that initiates the main pathway of collagen and elastin cross-linking. LOX has also been correlated with the ras recision gene, a putative tumour suppressor isolated from revertants of ras-transformed fibroblasts. The present study investigates the potential correlation of LOX-dependent matrix protein cross-linking in the stromal reaction of lung carcinomas, with reference to the architecture of the main stromal reactions accompanying the neoplastic breast tissues. A strong LOX expression was associated with the hypertrophic scar-like stromal reaction found at the front of tumour progression in squamous carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, large cell carcinomas, or at sites of initial extense in bronchiolo-alveolar carcinomas. In contrast, little or no LOX expression was found within the stromal reaction of invasive carcinomas, small cell carcinomas, and neuro-endocrine carcinomas. The significance of LOX expression and of the stromal reaction are discussed, in light of data that associate LOX expression with tumours displaying a rather good prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[Anatomopathological tools for screening and medical surveillance of people exposed to asbestos].

The deleterious effects of asbestos exposure include benign and malignant pleuro-pulmonary lesions leading to considerable morbidity and mortality, underlying the necessity for improvement of early detection strategies. Pathological techniques (morphology and immunohistochemistry) remain the gold standard for diagnosis of asbestos related disorders, together with mineralogic studies and for determination of associated pathological processes. There are yet no reliable pathological tools able to survey and detect asbestos exposed patients which are non invasive, acceptable for the patients and obvious in directing efficient therapy. Three main conclusions are drawn: 1) Promising approach includes EMA immunostaining in the evaluation of suspicious mesothelial lesions; 2) P53, proteases immunostaining and K-Ras mutation analysis in early detection of bronchial preneoplasia; 3) sputum screening for specific tumor markers of transformation (hRNPA2/B1), or morphometric DNA quantification for the detection of subclinical bronchopulmonary carcinomas. These recent developments are the first step of a long road to routine detection of these lesions.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1998

Pleural mesothelioma: dose-response relation at low levels of asbestos exposure in a French population-based case-control study.

A hospital-based case-control study of the association between past occupational exposure to asbestos and pleural mesothelioma was carried out in five regions of France. Between 1987 and 1993, 405 cases and 387 controls were interviewed. The job histories of these subjects were evaluated by a group of experts for exposure to asbestos fibers according to probability, intensity, and frequency. A cumulative exposure index was calculated as the product of these three parameters and the duration of the exposed job, summed over the entire working life. Among men, the odds ratio increased with the probability of exposure and was 1.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-1.9) for possible exposure and 3.6 (95% CI 2.4-5.3) for definite exposure. A dose-response relation was observed with the cumulative exposure index: The odds ratio increased from 1.2 (95% CI 0.8-1.8) for the lowest exposure category to 8.7 (95% CI 4.1-18.5) for the highest. Among women, the odds ratio for possible or definite exposure was 18.8 (95% CI 4.1-86.2). We found a clear dose-response relation between cumulative asbestos exposure and pleural mesothelioma in a population-based case-control study with retrospective assessment of exposure. A significant excess of mesothelioma was observed for levels of cumulative exposure that were probably far below the limits adopted in most industrial countries during the 1980s.

Adult↗