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Biomedical subjects

F Fromowitz

Publications and source records attributed to F Fromowitz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Can interpectoral nodes be sentinel nodes?

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine if interpectoral nodes could be sentinel nodes for some breast cancers. METHODS: Thirty-five consecutive breast cancer patients undergoing axillary node dissection had a dissection of the interpectoral nodes. These were sent to pathology as a separate specimen. RESULTS: Three patients were identified with isolated interpectoral nodal metastasis. CONCLUSION: In upper quadrants or deep breast cancers the interpectoral nodes may be the earliest site of nodal metastasis. This may lead to false negative results in some sentinel node biopsies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Increased expression of the src proto-oncogene in hairy cell leukemia and a subgroup of B-cell lymphomas.

The c-src proto-oncogene encodes a M(r) 60,000 phosphoprotein, pp60c-src, with tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity. We have used an immune complex protein kinase assay for pp60c-src to analyze a spectrum of B-cell neoplasms. pp60c-src activity was elevated in all five hairy cell leukemia specimens and in a number of the large cell and immunoblastic lymphomas; neoplasms representing later stages in B-cell development. pp60c-src activity was low in neoplastic cells which correspond to early and intermediate stages in B-cell development (acute and chronic lymphatic leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma). The enhanced pp60c-src activity was associated with high levels of pp60c-src protein. However, increased expression of c-src was not associated with amplification or gross structural rearrangement of the c-src gene. This preliminary study demonstrates elevated levels of pp60c-src protein and tyrosine protein kinase activity in neoplasms corresponding to the later stages of B-cell ontogeny.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1992

Luetic cervical adenitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

The clinical course of syphilis may be altered in some patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. We report two cases of syphilis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection who presented with marked unilateral anterior cervical adenopathy after engaging in oral-genital sex. Neither of the patients had evidence of oropharyngeal chancres. One patient developed a cutaneous rash of secondary syphilis soon after the cervical adenopathy developed. Both patients responded well to antibiotic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

c-Ki-ras mutations in dysplastic fields and cancers in ulcerative colitis.

A sensitive restriction fragment length polymorphism assay and DNA sequencing were used to detect c-Ki-ras mutations in 56 specimens of colonic epithelium from 18 patients with chronic ulcerative colitis. Mutations were not detected in biopsy specimens that were negative or indefinite for dysplasia. In 4 of 8 patients with high-grade dysplasia, a c-Ki-ras codon 12 or 13 mutation was detected. In three colectomy specimens, a wide area of dysplastic cells (greater than 10 cm2) contained a specific ras mutation. In two of these specimens, an invasive cancer contained a c-Ki-ras mutation identical to that found in adjacent dysplastic epithelium. These studies indicate that mutations of c-Ki-ras may be an excellent molecular genetic marker to map dysplastic fields and invasive cancer in ulcerative colitis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

c-src structure in human cancers with elevated pp60c-src activity.

We used RNAase protection and restriction fragment length polymorphism assays to detect activating mutations of c-src in a spectrum of human tumours. No mutations were detected at codons 98, 381, 444, and 530. We conclude that mutational activation is not the mechanism of enhancement of pp60c-src-specific kinase activity found in a number of human cancer types.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Leukemia derived from intermediately differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma.

The availability of monoclonal antibodies has facilitated the immunophenotypic characterization of malignant lymphocytes from patients with lymphoma and leukemia. The chronic lymphocytic leukemias are diseases of both clinical and morphological diversity and the application of monoclonal antibodies can prove helpful in their classification. Enzyme cytochemistry, surface markers, mouse rosetting, and electron microscopy were used to determine the phenotype of cells from an atypical case of B-CLL. The use of monoclonals Leu-1, CALLA and BA-2 on bone marrow and peripheral blood provided the opportunity to diagnose this patient's disease as intermediately differentiated lymphoma. Leu-1 was found to be a useful alternative to mouse rosetting, a technique not easily performed in a routine setting. Ultrastructural studies helped to prove the prolymphocytic component of this patient's disease. It was concluded that phenotypic characterization of lymphoid cells using monoclonal antibodies directed against membrane antigens facilitated the assessment of this patient's disease.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1986

Squamous cell carcinoma in congenital ichthyosis with deafness and keratitis. A case report and review of the literature.

The first case of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in the skin of a patient afflicted with keratitis, ichthyosis, and deafness (KID) syndrome is reported. A 35-year-old man, diagnosed as having KID syndrome in early childhood, developed bilateral fungating lesions on his feet. The entire left foot became involved with a multinodular fungating mass which proved to harbor a SCC, necessitating a left below-knee amputation. Although rare, KID syndrome can be associated with SCC of the skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Expression of ras oncogene p21 in prostate cancer.

The major neoplastic transformation-inducing genes of human solid tumors are members of the ras oncogene family. We used an immunohistochemical assay to assess expression of both the unaltered and the mutated ras oncogene protein (p21) in normal and neoplastic prostatic cells. With the concentration of monoclonal antibody used in this study, epithelial and stromal cells from subjects with normal prostates and from 19 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were negative for p21 antigen. This antigen was detected in 2 of 6 prostates with Grade I carcinoma, 4 of 6 with Grade II, and all of 17 with higher grades. A semiquantitative immunohistochemical method demonstrated that expression of the p21 antigen in a carcinoma strongly correlated with nuclear anaplasia and was inversely related to the degree of glandular differentiation. However, markedly anaplastic tumors were often more heterogeneous in expression of p21 and contained areas of low staining for the antigen. Comparison of p21 antigen with tumor carcinoembryonic antigen and prostate-specific antigen demonstrated that ras p21 was the only phenotypic marker that correlated with histologic tumor grade. Thus, ras oncogene p21 may represent a new class of biologically relevant tumor markers and may be a useful adjunct to histopathologic examination in determining the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Elevated ras oncogene expression correlates with lymph node metastases in breast cancer patients.

The protein product of the ras cellular oncogene(s) (p21) was assayed in primary breast carcinomas from two groups of patients who had different axillary lymph node status. Using an immunohistochemical assay, the intensity and percent of neoplastic cells demonstrating ras p21 antigen staining were significantly higher in the primary tumors from patients with lymph nodes positive (LN+) for malignancy (20 patients) compared with the lymph node negative (LNO) group (21 patients). The expression of p21 also correlated with tumor size. Age and estrogen receptor status did not influence p21 staining. The antigen expression of p21 was similar in intensity and distribution in the primary tumor and regional lymph node metastases. Enhanced expression of p21 in primary breast cancers that metastasize to regional nodes indicates that ras p21 may be a determinant of the malignant potential of breast cancer cells and may represent a new class of more biologically relevant tumor markers.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

ras Oncogene p21 expression is increased in premalignant lesions and high grade bladder carcinoma.

ras Oncogene p21 antigen is present in the most superficial cells of the normal bladder urothelium, as demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining. The pattern and intensity of p21 staining of cells in epithelial hyperplasia and low grade bladder carcinoma were similar to that seen in the normal urothelium. In contrast, epithelial cells in "premalignant" (dysplastic) lesions and high grade carcinomas exhibited an intense staining reaction for p21 antigen. ras p21 may be a useful marker for the malignant potential of both premalignant lesions and carcinomas of the bladder.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Soft tissue T cell lymphoma of the forearm: a case report.

A patient with a soft tissue T cell lymphoma with symptoms of de Quervain's tenosynovitis and a forearm mass in the area of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis is described. Previously excised soft tissue masses from other locations had presented a diagnostic dilemma in this patient. This report clarifies the histopathology of soft tissue T cell lymphomas of the extremities. After surgical debulking and local radiotherapy, there has been no evidence of recurrence at 1 year.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Endometriosis associated with appendiceal intussusception. A report of two cases.

While endometriosis is a commonly encountered surgical problem, involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is infrequent and appendiceal involvement rate. Intussusception of the appendix is more frequent. Accordingly, the concurrence of appendiceal endometriosis and intussusception is remarkable. We treated two such patients. The clinical presentation of these patients is varied, with most having abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhea. Asymptomatic cases may be found at surgery for unrelated problems. Correct diagnosis preoperatively is uncommon and most likely when the patients also have a palpable mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Papillary adenocarcinoma of kidney. II. Radiographic and biologic characteristics.

Papillary adenocarcinoma of the kidney is an uncommon variant of renal adenocarcinomas which, on radiographic evaluation, presents characteristically as a predominantly solid, hypovascular or avascular mass. At the present time, surgery is still mandatory to distinguish this lesion from other solid renal lesions. Finally, because of its slow-growing nature, seemingly well-encapsulated appearance, and apparently more favorable biologic prognosis, these patients conceivably might be treated with less radical surgery in selected instances. As demonstrated by one of our patients (Case 1) enucleation is a reasonable alternative, particularly in patients with a solitary kidney, with compromised renal function, or in patients medically incapable of withstanding radical surgery.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1979

Emphysematous pyelonephritis: optimal diagnosis and treatment.

A case of emphysematous pyelonephritis is presented in which computerized tomography (CT) both confirmed the diagnosis and demonstrated extension of the gas to the region of the adrenal glands and inferior cava. The etiology and pathogenesis of emphysematous pyelonephritis is discussed. Radiologic evaluation of this disease should be prompt and noninvasive. Plain films establish the diagnosis, isotope scanning assesses function of the opposite kidney, and CT demonstrates the full extent of the pathological process and confirms the diagnosis. Aggressive treatment is recommended.

Emphysema↗
PubMed1978

Amyloid deposition in immunoblastic lymphadenopathy.

Two cases of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy are reported that in addition to having the usual histologic and electron microscopic appearance previously described exhibit perivascular and intersitial green polarization when stained with Congo red, indicating amyloid deposition. Electron microscopic examination confirmed the light microscopic findings. This finding may have significance in regard to etiology, progression, and treatment of this disease entity.

Amyloid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phenotypic and genetic alterations in pre-cancerous cells in the colon.

Cell dysplasia in polyps and in ulcerative colitis are thought to be the pre-cancerous lesion leading to invasive colon cancer. Many polyps and dysplastic lesions in ulcerative colitis have phenotypic changes (blood group antigen, cytokeratins, CEA, TAG-72.3 antigen expression) and genetic changes (c-K-ras mutation, enhanced c-myc expression and pp60c-src activity) which are characteristic of invasive cancers. Thus, these early pre-cancerous lesions may be a late stage in the genetic evolution of colon cancer.

Colonic Neoplasms↗