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Biomedical subjects

F Femiano

Publications and source records attributed to F Femiano.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS): controlled open trial of the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (thioctic acid) on symptomatology.

BACKGROUND: Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), is a potent antioxidant mitochondrial coenzyme, the trometamol salt of thioctic acid that has been shown in clinical studies to be neuroprotective. This study examined the effect of ALA on the symptomatology of Burning mouth syndrome (BMS). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients with BMS and no clinical or laboratory evidence of organic oral disease were divided into two groups (Test and Control) each of 21 subjects, matched for age and sex. The Test group were given ALA (thioctic acid; Tiobec) for 30 days, as 600 mg per day orally for 20 days followed by 200 mg per day for 10 days. The Control group were given cellulose starch 100 mg per day as placebo for 30 days. All BMS patients were reviewed at 10-day intervals and scored for changes in symptomatology. RESULTS: Significant improvements were shown in the symptomatology of BMS in up to two-thirds of patients with BMS receiving alpha-lipoic acid, in about 15% of those using placebo and also in up to two-thirds of those who, having tried placebo, were switched to ALA.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

[Behçet's disease: recent findings. Review of the literature].

In this work the author reviews the clinical literature and the pathogenetic hypotheses, with particular attention to the correlations of the HLA, for Behçet disease. Behçet's syndrome is a multisystem disorder presenting with recurrent oral and/or genital ulcerations, chronic relapsing uveitis that may cause blindness, and neurologic impairments. Although it has a worldwide distribution, the Behçet's disease is rare in the Americas and Europe and is more prevalent in Turkey and the Middle and Far East. It affects mainly young adults, with men having more severe disease than women. Behçet syndrome is often diagnosed in late age for the lack of a correct diagnostic protocol and for the different symptoms that can be present. The need to follow the criteria made by the International Group of study on the disease of Behçet is underlined.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Papilloma virus. Note I: identification and related oral pathology. Review of the literature].

Viral pathology is constantly increasing, in particular forms correlated to papilloma virus infection, both on account of the spread of oral sexual practices and of the receptivity of the host who is often affected by immune deficiency induced by the increased use of immunosuppressive treatment and the spread of HIV. Viral pathologies caused by papilloma virus are pre-cancerous lesions with a high degree of malignant transformation and for this reason the oral clinician must be able to diagnose them and start appropriate therapy. This study highlights the general characteristics of hyman papilloma virus, the related oral pathologies and the host's response.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Recent advances on the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). The adhesion molecules.

Oral Lichen Planus is a chronic inflammatory pathology with not well defined etiology, characterized by an immunoreactivity directed against the keratinocytes of basal layer and mediated by a cellular infiltrate of T-lymphocytes. This immunoreactivity is caused by a modification of basal keratinocytes surface antigens, with activation of antigen-presenting cells allowing the recognition on non-self antigens by CD4 lymphocytes. The migration of T-cells at the sites of the damage and their interactions with leucocytes and keratinocytes represent a key effect of pathogenesis of OLP, and are mediated by specific cell surface adhesion molecules. Recent studies in molecular biology, with the discovery and the definition of cell adhesion receptors, have greatly contributed to clarify the pathogenic mechanism of OLP; these molecules regulate immune functions such as adhesion to endothelial cells, lymphocytes migration into extravasal tissues at the site of immune response and T-cell interactions with target cell antigens. The adhesion molecules have been classified into various families, differing on the basis of their molecular structure: the Immunoglobulin Superfamily (ICAM 1-3, PECAM-1, VCAM-1), the Selectins (ELAM-1, LECAM-1, GMP-140), the Integrins (LEA-1) and others. In this paper, the principal classes of adhesion molecules which are involved in the immune response are described and their importance in the pathogenesis of Lichen Planus is underlined.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1999

Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Description of an unusual clinical case due to glucocorticoid therapy for oral lichen planus.

Erythema multiforme (EM) is an acute inflammatory disease with an autoimmune pathogenesis clinically expressing in a wide variety of mucocutaneous illnesses. It is usually described in a minor form (Von Hebra) characterized by classical cutaneous lesions, and in major form (Stevens-Johnson), involving mucosal damage, while a clinical type restricted to the oral mucosa is described in oral pathology. A considerable number of factors of different nature have been reported as etiologic agents of EM, but most of them are not well documented; however, a certain relationship with EM is recognized for different classes of systemic drugs. This paper describes a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome with initial oral involvement, in which the precipitating factor was due to the administration of systemic glucocorticoids, prescribed for the therapeutic treatment of an erosive form of oral lichen planus.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[A statistical epidemiological study of a possible correlation between serum transaminase levels and viral hepatic pathology markers and lichen planus orale].

The aim of the present study is to carry out a clinical-statistical research into a large number of patients suffering from oral lichen planus (LPO) and from different odontostomatologic pathologies. In both groups of patients serum transaminase values and eventual presence of hepatopathy viral markers were investigated in order to identify a possible correlation between the aforesaid parameters and LPO, considered in its various clinical forms (papular and erosive essentially). Results had showed a close association between hepatopathy and LPO, according to results of studies performed by other Italian and Spanish groups and differently from Anglo-Saxon authors: above all an increased incidence of C hepatitis in patients with lichen was observed. Furthermore our investigation is agreed in underlining the great importance to attach to erosive form of oral lichen, that seems to join to active chronic hepatitis most frequently than papular one.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Dental enamel hypoplasia in a group of celiac disease patients. Clinico-epidemiologic correlations].

BACKGROUND: The aim of present study was to carry out a personal clinical-epidemiological research concerning a possible correlation between coeliac disease and enamel hypoplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five patients of Cam-pania, aged between 2 and 26 years old, with a diagnosis of coeliac disease (diagnosis in accordance with recent protocol ESPGAN), were subjected to a careful dental examination: at the same time a control-group formed by 105 healthy subjects, of the same province, age- and sex-matched with coeliac patients was examined. RESULTS: The finding of enamel hypoplasias was more significant in coeliac patients (11 cases with a percentage of 2.4%) than in controls (5 cases with a percentage of 4.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The percent rate, if on the one hand is lower than in Finnic studies, on the other hand fundamentally reflects the results of studies on the same topic carried out by other Italian groups. Furthermore also in this research the involvement of milk-teeth is observed as reported by other authors. This appears to confirm a clear association between coeliac disease and dental hard tissues alterations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The quantitative assessment of DNA in potentially cancerous cases of oral lichen].

The increased prevalence of all variants of oral lichen, both as a result of increasing frequency and improved knowledge of the pathologist, coupled with its greater trend to malignant transformation has focused the attention of researchers on the development of new technology that could help in the early detection of the precancerous lesion. DNA cytometric detection can be useful to detect the precancerous lesion when clinical and histological findings of the transformation are still absent. The early diagnosis of such lesions entitles to use a more aggressive treatment, both medical and surgical.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The N-terminal fraction of desmoglein 3 encompassing its immunodominant domain is present in human serum: implications for pemphigus vulgaris autoimmunity.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is considered as an autoimmune disease against a tissue-restricted antigen, desmoglein 3, a 130 kDa glycoprotein expressed by keratinocytes of skin and mucous membranes. Therefore, a breakdown of peripheral tolerance is generally invoked to explain this horror autotoxicus. The availability of a self-antigen and the strength of antigenic stimulation represent critical points in the regulation of immune system homeostasis. Our study shows for the first time that the immunodominant fraction of the PV self-antigen is present in sera of healthy individuals and patients as a circulating 30 kDa fragment (sDsg3). These findings provide a good explanation for the N-terminal specificity of antibody production and peptide recognition in PV patients by B and T cell, respectively. Moreover, the presence of the sDsg3 in human sera could allow to reconsider pemphigus as a disease against a circulating antigen; once produced, PV-autoantibodies also recognize the 130 kDa epidermal antigen desmoglein 3 on keratinocyte surface (kDsg3), thus triggering the acantholysis and the clinical manifestations of pemphigus.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens) and oral immunological diseases].

The immunologic, pathogenetic and clinical relationships between HLA antigens and oral immunologic diseases are described. The HLA typing is useful for an early diagnosis because it allows to single out the subjects at risk in a particular studied family.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gardner's syndrome].

The Gardner syndrome is characterized by polyposis coli and multiple hard and soft tissue tumors. This work show crucial dentist's role in the early diagnosis important for the highly malignant potential of this syndrome.

Gardner Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Caffey's disease].

Caffey's disease or infantile cortical hyperostosis a rare condition affecting infants in the first five months of life. The disease begins usually as an acute febrile illness accompanied by painful swellings over one or more bones, with all the signs of acute inflammation.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fragile X syndrome].

The fragile X syndrome include clinical features macroorchidism, ear large, prognathism, elongated facies, speech dysfunction, mental retardation and mitral valve prolapse. The interest for this syndrome is linked to the antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial secondary endocarditis and bacteremia.

Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities↗