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Biomedical subjects

F Emmrich

Publications and source records attributed to F Emmrich.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Studies on the recognition of specific sensitization to tumor antigens by measuring passive electrical additive effects as against the electrophoretic mobility test].

Lymphocytes from cancer patients were incubated with different tumor antigens. In the medium in which the lymphocytes were suspended, passive electrical values could be measured in the Mc region. These values correlate with a specific sensibilization of tumor carriers. By comparison with the electrophoresis-mobility test (em-test) we found in 66 out of 74 supernatants, using CEA and KCl-extracts as antigens, a good conformity of the two reaction patterns.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1978

Checking of carcinoma patients with the leukocyte migration technique (LMT) under agarose.

Leukocyte migration tests under agarose (Clausen technique) were performed in 28 patients tentatively diagnosed as having any malignancy with the use of a 3 M KCl-extract panel prepared from bronchogenic, gastric, colonic, renal, and mammary carcinoma, corresponding normal tissues, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and human encephalitogenic protein (HEP). 17 out of 22 proven carcinoma patients showed sensitization by reaction with optimal concentrated KCl-extract of cancer from the same organ type as their own tumor. In some cases positive reactions could be observed also with normal tissue antigen (NTA) of tumor organ type (7/22) or with an additional carcinoma extract of organ type differing from patients own primary tumor (8/22). Gastrointestinal carcinomas, especially, showed sensitization to CEA (7/12) contrary to nongastrointestinal carcinomas (1/10). With HEP no positive reactivity could be found (0/10). With the use of tumor antigen panel (5 antigens) only few positive reactions (MI less than 0.80 or greater than 1.20) could be observed in 6 patients with nonmalignant diseases (1/30 tests) and 8 healthy blood donors (1/40 tests). A widespread individual screening program using tissue antigens for patients suspected of malignancies could give a pattern of reactivities and improve the recognition of cell-mediated sensitization against tumor tissues.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Immune complexes and their pathogenetic significance].

The specific binding of antigens by antibodies leads to the development of antigen-antibody-complexes. Apart from the connected with this and desirable immunological protection immune complexes, however, may also have an pathogenic effect on certain conditions (e. g. transmission of the capacity of phagocytosis), depositing themselves in the vascular regions concerned, activating complement and after binding to cell membranes causing the release of unspecific mediators. Finally these lead through increased vascular permeability, local ischaemia and hyperaemia, respectively, and the release of proteolytic enzymes to a lesion of the tissues. In a series of in most cases chronic inflammatory diseases depositions of immune complexes may be proved in the tissues concerned. However, it is difficult to establish exactly in the individual case, whether they considerably participated in the development of the clinical picture. By analogies to experimentally produced immune complex diseases at least some entities of diseases (e. g. lupus erythematodes disseminatus) or defined local alterations of the tissues (e. g. glomerulonephritis of immune complex type) may be defined pathogenetically.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative alterations of immune serum globulin concentrations in pigs transplanted with a renal allograft.

The variation of immune serum globulin concentrations in 14 pigs was determined after unilateral allogenic renal transplantation. Measures by which it is possible to exert certain immunological influences were not taken. Subsequent to transplantation there was observed a significant decrease in both IgM and IgG which was not correlated with the behaviour of plasma proteins and albumin. Because of the relatively small loss of IgG in the urine of animals on which transplantations were performed, this cannot be considered to be the cause of the decrease in immunoglobulin. It was already on the 3rd day after transplantation that an increase in IgM was observed which after reaching a peak of about + 30% was again followed by a distinct decrease of which the minimum was noted between the 6th and 15th days after transplantation. 10 animals died within the first phase, and in 4 of them death occurred on account of rejection for which histological evidence could be obtained. Although 3 of the 4 animals surviving for a longer period of time were also observed to suffer from distinct rejective crises between the 8th and 15th day after transplantation, they were able to overcome those crises without any therapeutical intervention. After some time, however, they were experiencing another IgM peak (this time greater than + 80%) which was followed, after 3 to 11 days, but the final crisis of rejection and death of the animal. In a few cases, glomerular IgM deposits were found in transplanted kidneys.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Production of an anti human B lymphocyte serum for detection of B cell-specific membrane antigens (author's transl)].

Rabbits were immunized with lymphocytes from patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), who showed a remarkable lymphocytosis of B cell origin (distinct membrane fluorescence). After absorption with AB-erythrocytes, kidney tissue powder and infant thymocytes specificity of the antiserum was demonstrated by examination of normal lymphocytes, thymocytes and different CLL-lymphocytes (B- and T-cell leukemias) using indirect membrane fluorescence.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[The pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. II].

Starting from a survey of the present knowledge of morphological, immunological and biochemical characteristics of lymphocytes degenerated in leukamic respect and their kinetics, proposals are made for the pathogenesis of chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL). The fact that a progressing restriction of the functional immunological variety will occur in the typical CLL is discussed. Besides normal T and B cells there are elements similar to B and T cells whose percentage of proportion changes in the course of the illness with diminution of function and increasing immunological defect.

Binding Sites, Antibody↗
PubMed1975

[Demonstration of immunoglobulin determinants on lymphocyte surfaces by membrane immunofluorescence].

Isolated lymphocytes from peripheral blood of 22 healthy donors were examined with the help of the indirect membrane immunofluorescence (MIF) for immunoglobulin determinants on the surface of the cells. The quantity of MIF+-cells for IgM was on the average 8.7% (3-18) and for IgG 15.5%(8-18). Five different anti-IgM-sera were characterised with regard to their use in the MIF (precipitation titre, entire protein content, content of anti-IgM-antibodies). Differences in the quantity of the MIF+-lymphocytes were above all based on differing antibody concentrations of the sera. It was referred to further possible causes for these differences. The influence on the results of the examinations by protein addition and trypsination.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Demonstration of membrane-bound immunoglobulin determinants and the significance of a quantitative characterization of the antisera used.

Lymphocytes from 22 healthy blood donors were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin determinants on their surfaces by indirect membrane immunofluorescence. The proportion of MemIF+ cells was, on the average, 8.7% (3-18) for IgM and 15.8% (8-28) for IgG. The small differences in the proportion of MemIF+ lymphocytes upon use of various anti-IgM sera could be attributed mainly to the different antibody concentrations. The importance of a quantitative characterization of the antisera used was pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complement activation, cytokines, and adhesion molecules in children undergoing cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass.

The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on various blood parameters in children undergoing major cardiovascular surgery was investigated in a prospective clinical study. Blood samples of children with CPB (CPB group, n = 18) or without CPB (control, n = 12) were collected before, during, and after surgery. The concentration of routine laboratory parameters, components of the complement system (C3, C4, C5, C1 inhibitor, total hemolytic complement, C3d, and C5a), circulating interleukins (IL-6 and IL-8) and soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM-1 and sE-selectin) were determined. In both groups of patients the serum concentrations of C3, C4, C5, and C1 inhibitor were significantly affected by the treatments (p < 0.001), decreased immediately after onset of anesthesia, were minimal during surgery, and increased thereafter. No significant differences in the kinetics of these parameters were detectable between CPB and control group. In the CPB group the activation of the alternative pathway (increased C3d) was found to be a specific response (p = 0.005), but also in the control group C3d and C5a concentration increased significantly (p < 0.022), indicating complement activation. None of the effects that would be expected after activation of the complement system were specific for the CPB group. In both groups the serum levels of IL-6 increased dramatically during and/or after surgery (p = 0.001), and IL-8 was detectable after surgery in 10/12 control patients. The concentration of sICAM-1 and sE-selectin decreased during surgery (p < 0.04) and later did not increase above baseline. Our data suggest that increased serum levels of inflammation mediators and increased consumption of complement and adhesion molecules occur during cardiovascular surgery. Although complement activation and ICAM-1 consumption are more pronounced in the CPB patients, none of these changes occurs exclusively in the CPB group. We conclude, therefore, that these changes are the combined effect of anesthesia, surgical trauma, and endothelial lesions. Additional, undefined CPB-induced reactions may also contribute the postoperative morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of minor and major idiotopes associated with human antibodies to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.

Human antibodies to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) were analysed by conventional and monoclonal antiidiotypic antibodies. These were prepared to the antibody secreted by the human lymphoblastoid cell line B17 and to the antibody isolated from an individual serum containing a prominent clonotype 1A, both with specificity for GlcNAc. Idiotypes and idiotopes associated with these antibodies have the following properties: 1) their frequency of expression in the human population varies between rare (approximately 1.5%) and frequent (greater than 80%); 2) they have a high degree of association with antibody specificity for GlcNAc (50-100%); 3) each idiotope appears to be expressed independently of others; 4) one idiotope may be associated with a variety of clonotypes; and 5) idiotopes can be identified which are both frequently expressed in the population and associated with major proportions of the antibodies in single individuals. These latter idiotopes may be useful for studies on the modulation of human immune responses by antiidiotypic antibodies.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intravenous treatment with immunoglobulins may improve chronic undifferentiated mono- and oligoarthritis.

We previously reported on 8 young patients with undifferentiated mono- and oligoarthritis whose synovial tissue tested positive for Parvovirus B19 DNA by PCR. Three of these patients remained clinically undifferentiated and suffered from progressive inflammatory disease despite conventional therapy and repeated synovectomy. Intravenous treatment with immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg body weight over 5 days) resulted in marked improvement in 2 of the 3 patients, allowing them to avoid repeated synovectomy during follow-up periods of 7 and 10 months, respectively.

Adolescent↗