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Biomedical subjects

F Eckmann

Publications and source records attributed to F Eckmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Double-blind multicenter study of paroxetine and amitriptyline in depressed inpatients.

Paroxetine is a new compound in the group of the selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors. The results of several open and double-blind control-group studies demonstrate clear antidepressive efficacy of paroxetine. However, most data were collected in samples of outpatients. To overcome this restriction, a six-week double-blind control-group study, comparing 30 mg paroxetine with 150 mg amitriptyline per day, was performed in a sample of inpatients suffering from major depression. Generally speaking, the efficacy analysis of 160 patients was not able to demonstrate statistically significant differences in the antidepressive activity of paroxetine or amitriptyline, either with respect to the total score on the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and the Clinical Global Impressions or with respect to the subscores of the HAMD. One exception was the retardation subscore, in which amitriptyline showed a greater degree of reduction. Both drugs had a characteristic side-effect profile. Paroxetine was characterized by a lack of anticholinergic side-effects and a higher rate of nausea.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1990

[Cerebral insufficiency--treatment with Ginkgo-biloba extract. Time of onset of effect in a double-blind study with 60 inpatients].

Sixty inpatients with cerebral insufficiency and the leading symptom depressive mood, were treated in a double-blind study for 6 weeks with a daily dose of 160 mg Ginkgo biloba extract or placebo. After 2, 4 and 6 weeks, changes in 12 typical symptoms in comparison with the last examination, were evaluated. In the group receiving placebo, small, but progressive improvements were observed. In the Ginkgo-biloba group, the overall number of improvements was significantly larger. After 2 weeks the differences were marked for only a few of the symptoms; after 4 and 6 weeks in contrast, in 11 of the 12 symptoms. The largest number of improvements in the Ginkgo-biloba group was observed between the 2nd and 4th weeks of treatment. In this period, about two-thirds of the patients on Ginkgo-biloba, and about one-fifth of the patients on placebo showed improvements.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Mortality of hospitalized psychiatric patients--results of a 10-year study].

The mortality rate of 1239 psychiatric patients--609 men and 639 women, aged between 40 and 70 years, permanently hospitalized in 6 different German clinics--was registered, ten years after they had been examined for the incidence of cardiac risk factors in 1971 and 1972. The death rate figures were compared with the corresponding figures of the total population of the Federal Republic of Germany. In all age-groups mortality among psychiatric patients, both male and female, was higher than the average rate at Federal level. The gap narrowed with increasing age. With male patients the most frequent cause of death were cardiovascular diseases, followed by respiratory diseases and malignant growths, whereas with women respiratory diseases were the primary cause of death. In comparison to the population of the Federal Republic of Germany considerably more patients died of respiratory diseases--according to age and sex the death rate was up to ten times higher. This was due to the high percentage of lethal pneumonia. The number of deaths in which the cause was unknown was also higher than the national average. A remarkably high percentage of the patients (27%) died suddenly and unexpectedly. In some age-groups fewer patients died of malignant growths than at Federal level. Death caused by cardiovascular diseases was only more frequent among younger patients. Among men acute ischaemic heart diseases were the most frequent cause of cardiac failure. Death due to cerebral sclerotic diseases was remarkably reduced among older patients, probably as a result of a less high incidence of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Self-rating data as a selecting factor in clinical trials of psychotropic drugs.

In psychiatry the relationship between rating by others and self-rating has been discussed again and again. The question has been raised as to the influence of complete data material (all patients with self-rating and rating by others) on results, in comparison to results where patients without self-rating are not taken into evaluation. This question was answered by conducting a double-blind study which included two pharmacologically active substances (amitriptylinoxide and trazodone) and two sub-samples of patients (patients with rating by others and self-rating, and patients with rating by others alone). The trial was performed in a total of 57 in-patients suffering from endogenous depression (ICD 296.1) who received drug treatment for 21 days. The effect was assessed multi-methodically. While no differences between the two drugs were seen in the sub-sample "self-rating and rating by others", amitriptylinoxide proved to be superior to trazodone in the sub-sample "rating by others". On the basis of these findings the use of rating by others and self-rating procedures will be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical double blind study with the calcium antagonist flunarizine cerebral circulatory disturbances].

In a clinically controlled double-blind study the effect of flunarizine (Sibelium) was compared with that of placebo in patients with involutional depression (WHO's International Classification of Diseases (ICD No. 296.0) and with cerebral circulatory disturbances (ICD No. 293.1). Effectiveness was objectified with the aid of the Clinical Global Impression test (CGI), the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), and the "wellbeing tests" Bf-S and Bf-S'. Duration of treatment was 6 weeks. 32 patients were available for the final evaluation. In a combination of the good to excellent results considered as effective and the moderate to unsatisfactory results considered as ineffective the 82% rate of improvement in favour of the cerebral Ca2+ antagonist flunarizine was significantly superior to the 26% reached in the placebo group. The correlation with the psychopathometric tests has been proved. The medication was shown to be well tolerated. Side-effects did not appear. The mechanisms of action of the cerebral Ca2+ antagonist are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Mortality in hospitalized psychiatric patients (results from a 5-year study) (author's transl)].

During 5 years we have registered mortality in 1239 chronic hospitalized psychiatric patients (609 men and 630 women) aged between 40-70 years in 6 German hospitals. We examined this patients on incidence of cardial riskfactors. The death rates were compared to the others of BRD. In this connection we found out an intensified mortality in all age groups of psychiatric patients as against to BRD average. The mortality of respiratory system diseases surpassed death rates of BRD many times better. Also psychiatric patients died by cardiovascular diseases more than expected. The death rates from ischaemic heart diseases in men were approximately twice as much than at BRD statistic. Patients who died in arteriosclerotic diseases had more often riskfactors than the other deceased. The great number of sudden and unexpected deaths was remarkable.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Drug monitoring in neurology (author's transl)].

Medication and side-effects were investigated in 115 hospitalized epileptic patients. General side-effects were registered in 12.7%, however, only 5.6% were obviously drug-induced. Supposing that 8 anticonvulsive drugs are used frequently, then, 256 combinations of these drugs could occur. In order to obtain relevant results on the comparative frequency of adverse drug reactions for any of these combinations, a population of at least 8000 patients should have to be monitored. Further difficulties arise as regards the expected probability of the coincidence of adverse drug reactions and the frequency of a special medication.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1980

[Drug monitoring in psychiatry (author's transl)].

The Study Group for Drug Surveillance in Psychiatry (AMUP) has been working since July 1978 as a task force group of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie" (AGNP). A protocol was designed for the initiation of drug monitoring in psychiatric hospitals. With support of the Bundesgesundheitsamt, Berlin, the first part of this project was started as a practicability study in the psychiatric hospitals of the Universities of Berlin, Göttingen, and Munich and in the municipal hospital of Schleswig. The study includes 7650 in-patients. It is based on the following methods: intensive drug monitoring, organized spontaneous monitoring of adverse drug reactions and registration of drug applications. This drug monitoring system in psychiatry will be expanded to other psychiatric hospitals, and eventually to out-patient clinics as well as private practices within the next two years.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1978

[ECG changes in psychiatric patients under long-term therapy with psychopharmaca (author's transl)].

Within the scope of an epidemiologic study on risk factors and coronary heart diseases, 1726 mentally ill, aged 40-69, under permanent hospitalization were examined electrocardiographically. There were few pronounced indications of a relationship between pathological ECG findings and psychopharmaca. ECG changes were rarest among patients treated exclusively with non-tricyclic drugs, and most often among those patients who received tricyclics and non-tricyclics simultaneously. Statistically ascertained, however, was only the connection with lesser pathological changes in the rest and load ECG's (T-flattening). In this connection, these disturbances appeared more often among women. A reciprocal effect between sex and the influence of psychopharmaca appeared on the ECG. Contrary to males, females under treatment with tricyclica or with several psychopharmaca simultaneously showed more ECG changes than those treated without medication.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[ECG changes in psychiatric patients under long-term therapy with psychopharmacological drugs (author's transl)].

1726 psychiatric patients, aged 40-69, under permanent hospitalization were examined electrocardiographically. There were few pronounced indications of a relationship between pathological ECG findings and drugs. ECG changes, mainly T-flattening, were rarest among patients treated exclusively with non-tricyclic drugs, and most often among those patients who received tricyclic and non-tricyclic compounds simultaneously. These disturbances appeared more often among women.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on cardio-circulatory effects of carpipramine. Results of a double-blind study (author's transl)].

For eight weeks 30 psychotic patients with a healthy cardiovascular system received 3 X 50 mg 1-[3-(10,11-dihydro=5H-dibenz[b,f]-azepin-5-yl]-propyl]-4-piperidiono-piperdine-4-carboxamide dihydrochloride-monohydrate (carpipramine) per day with a placebo phase of three weeks either previous to the medication of succeeding it. In addition there was a group of similar patients without any medication. From this study it was concluded that carpipramide has no depressive effect on the cardiovascular system. The differences in blood pressure and heart rate after the change from medication to placebo indicate a certain vegetative lability in this phase. In the ECG, no irregularities of the atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction and its repolarisation in form of a lengthening were observed; only the WPW-syndrome noticed with one patient might be related to the medication since it occurred at the end of the three weeks during which carpipramine had been administered.

Adult↗