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Biomedical subjects

F E Hughes

Publications and source records attributed to F E Hughes.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Efficacy of omeprazole paste in the treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers in horses.

Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is very common among performance horses, with a reported prevalence of approximately 90% in racehorses, and also > 50% in foals. Omeprazole, an acid pump inhibitor 5 times more potent than ranitidine, has been used with great success to treat EGUS. This multicentre study of Thoroughbred racehorses with endoscopically verified gastric ulcers was designed to demonstrate the efficacy of an equine oral paste formulation of omeprazole in the treatment and prevention of recurrence of EGUS. Of the 100 horses entered into the study, 25 were sham-dosed for the full 58 days of the study. The remaining 75 horses all received omeprazole paste, 4 mg/kg bwt/day once daily for 28 days. At Day 28, 25 of treated horses continued on this dosing regimen while 25 received a half dose (2 mg/kg bwt once daily) and 25 horses were sham-dosed. By Day 28, gastric ulcers were completely healed in 77% of omeprazole-treated horses, while 92% were significantly (P < 0.01) improved. In contrast, 96% of the sham-dosed horses still had gastric ulcers at Day 28. The improvement was maintained in horses that continued on either a full dose or half dose of omeprazole paste until Day 58. However, in those horses that were removed from omeprazole treatment at Day 28, the incidence and severity of the gastric ulcers at the end of the study were similar to those horses that did not receive the omeprazole paste. This study demonstrates that omeprazole paste, 4 mg/kg bwt per os, once daily, is highly effective in healing gastric ulcers in Thoroughbred racehorses and that either a full dose or half dose of omeprazole paste effectively prevents the recurrence of EGUS. The study also indicates that gastric ulcers in untreated horses did not demonstrate a significant rate of spontaneous healing.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Large colon resection.

Strangulating large colon volvulus presents the surgeon with the dilemma of determining the extent of compromise to the affected tissue and the most appropriate surgical treatment of this tissue. This decision is complicated because there is a significant volvulus recurrence rate. Large colon resection and anastomosis is the most aggressive treatment option but prevents recurrence and may provide an alternative to euthanasia for some horses.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

Effect of diet on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis in horses.

Gentamicin sulfate-induced nephrotoxicosis was compared in 2 groups of horses fed different rations. Four horses were fed only alfalfa hay, and 4 other horses were fed only whole oats. Seven days after initiation of the diet, all horses were given gentamicin IV (5 mg/kg of body weight) every 12 hours for 22 days. Urinary gamma-glutamyl-transferase to urinary creatinine (UGGT:UCr) ratio was calculated daily, and serum concentration of gentamicin was measured at 1 and 12 hours after drug administration. Results indicated that horses fed oats had greater renal tubular damage than did horses fed alfalfa. Mean UGGT:UCr for horses fed alfalfa was 47.1 +/- 18.8 and was 100.0 +/- 19.0 for horses fed oats (P = 0.007). The UGGT:UCr in horses fed oats was greater than 100 for a total of 54 days; horses fed alfalfa had UGGT:UCr greater than 100 for only 7 days. Two horses not given gentamicin were fed only oats and 2 were fed only alfalfa. These horses had mean UGGT:UCr of 17.6 +/- 2.2 and 30.5 +/- 3.0, respectively. Mean peak and trough concentrations of gentamicin were statistically different for horses fed oats and those fed alfalfa (peak 23.16 +/- 1.87 and 14.07 +/- 1.79 micrograms/ml, respectively [P = 0.0001], and trough, 1.81 +/- 0.69 and 0.71 +/- 0.70 micrograms/ml, respectively [P = 0.0270]). Mean half-lives of gentamicin (estimated from peak and trough concentrations) for horses fed alfalfa (2.58 +/- 0.26 hours) and horses fed oats (2.88 +/- 0.27 hours) were not significantly different. Horses fed only oats had greater degree of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicosis than did those fed only alfalfa.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A modified technique for extensive large colon resection and anastomosis in horses.

OBJECTIVE: To describe an alternative technique for large colon resection and anastomosis in horses. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study of clinical patients. ANIMAL POPULATION: 37 horses that had ventral midline celiotomies between July 1, 1990, and July 1, 1994. METHODS: Large colon resection and anastomosis was performed using a modification of previously described techniques. Modifications include mesocolon ligation with a stapling device and an end-to-end apposition of the right ventral and right dorsal colon. RESULTS: Twenty-one of the 37 horses were discharged from the hospital without complications. Two horses were euthanatized immediately after recovery from anesthesia because of hindlimb fracture. Fourteen horses were euthanatized in the initial postoperative period because of persistent endotoxemia and abdominal pain. CONCLUSIONS: The described technique is a safe, reliable method for large colon resection and anastomosis in horses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The described technique is fairly simple to perform and requires less surgical time compared with other techniques.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗