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Biomedical subjects

F E Bloom

Publications and source records attributed to F E Bloom.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The effect of single and repeated electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on locomotor activity in rats.

Locomotor activity following administration of apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg), and amphetamine (1 mg/kg) was studied in rats receiving single and multiple electroconvulsive shock (ECS). Three groups of rats were utilized, one half of each group received sham treatment and the other half received either 1,5, or 10 daily ECS. Significant enhancement of the locomotor response to amphetamine, but not apomorphine, was seen in rats given repeated ECS as compared to controls. This study suggests that the number of ECS, is an important variable in ECS enhancement of locomotor response to amphetamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Dynorphin is contained within hippocampal mossy fibers: immunochemical alterations after kainic acid administration and colchicine-induced neurotoxicity.

Antisera raised against synthetic dynorphin or [Leu5]enkephalin demonstrate immunostaining in hippocampal mossy fibers and in dentate granule cells. However, dynorphin immunoreactivity (ir) appears to be denser in immunocytochemical preparations and is quantitatively greater by radioimmunoassay than enkephalin-ir. Immunostaining with dynorphin antisera is eliminated by adsorption with 1-100 microM dynorphin-17 whereas immunostaining with enkephalin antisera is eliminated by adsorption with 1-100 microM [Leu5]enkephalin, dynorphin-17, dynorphin-(1-13), or alpha-neo-endorphin. Intrahippocampal colchicine injections, which selectively destroy dentate granule cells, significantly decrease the dynorphin-ir and enkephalin-ir levels in rat hippocampus. Intraventricularly administered kainic acid, which selectively destroys CA3-4 pyramidal cells, results in an increase of enkephalin immunostaining in mossy fibers and a significant increase in enkephalin-ir by radioimmunoassay in whole hippocampus. The enkephalin-ir cells and fibers in entorhinal/perirhinal cortex, which innervate rat hippocampus and dentate gyrus, do not contain dynorphin-ir.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Relative contents and concomitant release of prodynorphin/neoendorphin-derived peptides in rat hippocampus.

The contents and molecular forms of five different prodynorphin-derived opioid peptides were compared in extracts of rat hippocampus by radioimmunoassay after C18-HPLC resolution. Dynorphin (Dyn) A(1-17) immunoreactivity (ir) and Dyn B-ir were heterogeneous in form; Dyn A(1-8)-ir, alpha-neoendorphin (alpha neo)-ir and beta-neoendorphin (beta neo)-ir each eluted as single homogeneous peaks of immunoreactivity. The fraction of immunoreactivity having the same retention as the appropriate synthetic standard was used to estimate the actual hippocampal content of each peptide. Comparison of these values showed that the concentrations of Dyn B, alpha neo, and Dyn A(1-8) were nearly equal, whereas both Dyn A(1-17) and beta neo were 1/5th to 1/10th the value of the other three. Calcium-dependent K+-stimulated release of these prodynorphin-derived opioids from hippocampal slices was detected. The stimulated rates of release were highest for Dyn B-ir followed by alpha neo-ir, then beta neo-ir and Dyn A(1-8)-ir with Dyn A(1-17)-ir lowest. The relative rates of stimulated release were in agreement with the relative proportions of peptide present within the tissue. This evidence of the presence and release of these opioid peptides considerably strengthens the hypothesis that this family of endogenous opioids plays a neurotransmitter role in the hippocampus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Monoclonal antibodies against vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: studies of structure and related antigens.

Hybridomas secreting monoclonal anti-vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) antibodies were constructed from spleen cells sensitized to VIP in vitro. The secreted antibodies were characterized by binding to VIP in indirect radioimmunoassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Two monoclonal antibodies, characterized for their binding activities with synthetic fragments of VIP, were found to bind different sites on the VIP molecule. These monoclonal antibodies may recognize tertiary structures of the VIP. A search was conducted for antigens recognized by the monoclonal antibodies in brain: brain proteins separated on polyacrylamide gels were electroblotted onto nitrocellulose filters and were reacted first with the mouse antibody and then with goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin coupled to horseradish peroxidase as a means of detection. The monoclonal antibodies were found to react with a protein of molecular weight 60,000, which was also recognized by polyclonal antibodies, although the latter reacted with a number of additional proteins. The relationship of the protein of molecular weight 60,000 to VIP is discussed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Alternating cerebral hemispheric activity and the lateralization of autonomic nervous function.

Alternating dominance of cerebral hemispheric activity was demonstrated in humans by use of the electroencephalogram (EEG). Relative changes of electrocortical activity have a direct correlation with changes in the relative nostril dominance, the so-called nasal cycle. The nasal cycle is a phenomenon where efficiency of breathing alternates predominantly through right or left nostril with a periodicity ranging from 25 to greater than 200 minutes. Relatively greater integrated EEG value in one hemisphere correlates with predominant airflow in the contralateral nostril, defining a new interrelationship between cerebral dominance and peripheral autonomic nervous function.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Immunohistochemical distribution of pro-somatostatin-related peptides in hippocampus.

By using immune sera which recognize one or more of the 3 peptides, somatostatin-14 (SS14), somatostatin-28 (SS28) and somatostatin-28(1-12) (SS28(1-12)) we have characterized their immunohistochemical distribution in the hippocampal formation. There exist at least two independent neuronal systems containing pro-somatostatin-related peptides: an intrinsic system of cells in the polymorphic layers which branch locally, and a dense terminal field in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus that may constitute a portion of the entorhinal-dentate projection. In addition, SS28 is the dominant form present in cell bodies, whereas SS28(1-12) is preferentially localized in neuronal processes and terminals. We could not detect SS14 immunohistochemically.

Animals↗