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Biomedical subjects

F Diadhiou

Publications and source records attributed to F Diadhiou.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Complications of tubal sterilization by minilaparotomy under local anesthesia].

Between January 1, 1991 and June 30, 1996, physicians performed 800 cases of tubal ligation via minilaparotomy under local anaesthesia in the Obstetrics and Gynecology clinic of the Dakar University Teaching Hospital (Senegal). There were complications in 7 (0.87%) cases (bladder and bowel injuries: 6 cases, and post operative infection: 1 case). The most frequent risk factors were: surgeon skill (lack of experience of surgeon in minilaparotomy), type of patients (obesity, previous abdominal surgery). It was concluded, proper training and experience of the surgical team is needed to minimize sterilization related complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Antibiotic prophylaxis à la carte in self-contaminated gynecologic and obstetric surgery: importance of cefotaxime].

Infections represents 5% of our post-operative morbidity and result in the use of expensive antibiotics and longer hospital stays. As a less expensive alternative to systematic antibiotherapy for all patients, the authors propose a prospective and descriptive study of the effectiveness of antibioprophylaxis by administering 1 g of Cefotaxime pre-operatively. The study concerns a continuous series of 103 cases in gynaecology and obstetrics operated in the Dakar University Teaching Hospital, during a 13 months period (April 95-April 96). The average age of the patients is 30 years, the major types of surgery was cesarean sections, laparotomy for extra-uterine pregnancy and myomectomies. The duration of the surgery varied between 40 to 105 minutes with an average of 60 minutes. There was no intolerance to Cefotaxime. No cases of post operative infections were observed. All surgical wounds healed in 6 to 8 days except 2 minor cases of non-union of 1 cm. Antibioprophylaxis with Cefotaxime can therefore be considered as an effective means of preventing post-operative infections in clean surgery. It is easy to administer and also has the advantage of lower cost (4050 Fcfa compared to 29,000 Fcfa for classic antibiotherapy).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Term abdominal pregnancy with delivery of a living child. Two case reports].

The lack of antenatal care and the growing number of genital infections make ectopic pregnancy a current unrecognized pathology in areas with few physicians. Such pregnancies exceptionally reach term but delivery of a live infant is rare. We report two cases in which echographic diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy was followed by the delivery of a live child. In both cases, fetal hypotrophy led to neonatal death. Maternal outcome was however favorable with surgery to reduce the risk of hemorrhage. Safe childbearing requires improved preventive measures and better maternal sanitary conditions and education, particularly important for subjects living in areas poorly provided with health facilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[HIV infection in pregnant women in Dakar (Senegal)].

The epidemiologic and sociodemographic characteristics of human deficiency virus (HIV) infection vary from one country to another. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant women in Dakar and associated factors. Systematic anonymous screening was performed in pregnant women admitted to the maternity ward. Women whose seropositivity was confirmed by Western blot retroviral serology were included. One woman out of four was assigned by simple random selection to the case control group. Over a 24 month period, 12,498 women were tested. 104 were seropositive (44 HIV1, 58HIV2, and 2 HIV1-HIV2 giving a prevalence of 0.8%. Factors associated with HIV1 and HIV2 were different: mean age 21.7 years for HIV1 versus 30.6 for HIV 2 (p = 0.05); origin in Guinea-Bissau for HIV2 (p = 0.001); mean number of pregnancies 2.6 for HIV1 versus 5.9 for HIV2 (p = 0.001); mean parity 1.5 for HIV1 versus 4.5 for HIV2 (p < 0.01); vitality of the conception product in 85.1% for HIV2 versus 67.5% for HIV1 (p = 0.0001). These data confirm the low prevalence of HIV infection in pregnant women, with a predominance for HIV2. The factors identified in associated with virus type suggest a different mode of transmission and/or reduced virulence or HIV2 compared with HIV1. Knowledge of these factors helps orient management strategies, especially in pregnant women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Keratosis diffusa fetalis. Apropos of 2 cases].

Keratosis diffusa fetalis is a rare autosomic recessive disorder, in which infants are covered with large parchment-like scales, split by deep fissures. Most affected infants die a few weeks after birth because of infections and respiratory problems. The authors present the clinical, histological and ultrastructural aspects of two cases of Ichthyosis congenita fetalis observed in negro-African newborns.

Female↗
PubMed1996

[Pregnancy and systemic scleroderma. A case report].

The systemic scleroderma is an auto-immune affection characterised by diffuse lesions of the connective tissues with inflammatory predominance. As less frequent as this association with pregnancy, it usually occurs to the woman at the end of genital life activity. The obstetrical past history of a G5P2 of 40 years old affected with systemic scleroderma, is marked by four tardive abortions and two premature deliveries. The evolution of the disease was progressively unfavourable with visceral, digestive and pulmonary blows them sclerodermatomyositis. A review of literature reveals the interactions between this affection and pregnancy. The aggravation of the disease during pregnancy is possible: nephopatic scleroderma is then the most frequent complication. The gynaecological and obstetrical consequences are sterility, habitual abortions, intra-uterine growth retardation, intra-uterine foetal death, premature delivery and expulsion difficulties. The infant prognostic is specially related to the risk prematurity. The corticotherapy is the only acceptable treatment during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Phenotypic differences of nosocomial bacterial strains isolated in the obstetric-gynecology service of the University Hospital Center of Dakar].

A study on nosocomial infections was conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology of Aristide Le Dantec's Hospital, in collaboration with the Gynecology Obstetrics clinic located both in the same Dakar's hospital, during May 1995. The aim of the study was to define the phenotypical characteristics of various bacterial strains isolated from the atmosphere health care staff's hands, medical equipment (material, antiseptics) and patients (hospitalized pregnant and newborns in day Nursery). A total of 133 strains were collected and the most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (27 strains) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10 strains) encountered mainly in the atmosphere. Otherwise, Escherichia coli (11 strains) and Enterococcus faecalis (11 strains) were more present in hospitalized patients. Results obtained after antimicrobial agents susceptibility (Antibiotics and Heavy metal salts) by Antibiogramm and Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and also data from biotyping of Klebsiella strains have allowed us to say there's a probable contamination of hospitalized patients by the bacteria from the atmosphere but manuportage too.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1996

[Cesarean section in a developing country. Profile and perspectives apropos of 21,743 deliveries between 1992 and 1995].

In three years and six month 21,743 delivered at the Maternity of Dakar University Hospital. Among them there were 2650 cesarean section. The cesarean rate is 16.93% of living birth. The principal indication was foeto-pelvic disproportion (32.5%) especially pelvic problem (27%). There was post operative mortality (1%) (especially hypertension) and morbidity (6%) (especially infection). Neonatal prognosis was also poor with a 10% early neonatal mortality. These findings show the important insufficiency and reflect major problems facing obstetric in Black Africa.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1995

[Vaginal injuries during coitus: 98 cases].

UNLABELLED: We have undertaken a prospective study of vaginal injuries due to coitus with the aim of evaluating their incidence, risk factors and anatomic lesions. Over a period of 39 months, 98 cases were found, giving a monthly incidence of 2.5. The patients had a mean age of 25 years, were paucipara in more than 50%. Sexual abstience was found in 72 cases with a mean duration of 6 months. This injury occurred more often in gynecological period than in the postpartum (77 cases versus 22). During sexual intercourse the most harmful position was when the patient was in dorsal decubitus with maximum flexion and abduction of the limbs. The vaginal injury was located in the posterior cul de sac in 39 cases and was of 5 cm of length in 56%. Surgical suture was required in 92 out of 98 patients, in combination with local and general antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Vaginal injuries due to coitus are frequent in our practice and they create serious anatomic lesions. So there is a need to precise the etiopathogenicity (hormonal deficiency ?, infections ?, role of the male partner) and to evaluate the long term sequellas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Medical management of alleged sexual assault victims in Dakar, Senegal. 25 cases].

Sexual assaults constitute a prominent fact of our societies to this end twentieth Century. Then its's very important for physicians to be informed about obstacles encoured to manage assaults victims. Our study presents 25 cases of sexual assaults listed in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of University Center Hospital of Dakar. It works out that: there are adolescents in most cases (85%); delay of examination is too long (11 cases beyond 24 hours) and compromises cytologic exams; injuries evaluation is sometimes negative; no lesion of anal sodomy is found. The authors insist to provide more informations to physicians to overcome evaluation of assault victim which has an impact for legal proceeding against offender. They call gaps to fill up un senegalese jurisprudence about assault victim who gets an accidental pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Indications and prognosis of cesarean sections at the Dakar University Hospital Center].

From 1st January 1992 to 30 June 1994, 8489 delivered at the Dakar University Hospital. Among them, there were 953 cesarean sections, i.e. 11.2%. Epidemiological analysis revealed that mean parity was 2 for a mean age of 26 years. 22% of the women had a clinically perceptible pelvic problem. The indications for cesarean section were divided into 3 groups: mandatory operations (feto-pelvic disproportion, haemorrhagic placenta praevia, dystocia): 41.4%; prudent operations (long-awaited infant, fetal suffering, breech presentation, cicatricial uterus): 50%; and necessary operations (maternal disease, especially hypertension): 8.6%. There was a high postoperative mortality (1.4%) and major morbidity, especially infection (10%). Neonatal prognosis was also poor with a 14% early neonatal mortality. These findings reflect the major problems facing obstetricians in Senegal and Subsaharian Africa. Improved prognosis necessarily will involve better organization of our health systems allowing easier access to life-saving cesarean section for our rural populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The role of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of uterine adhesions. Apropos of 15 cases].

In this study, the authors raise the question of the morbidity related to Asherman's syndrome and demonstrate that hysterectomy is the best method for diagnosis and treatment. In a group of 15 patients, secondary sterility and secondary amenorrhea were the main reasons for consultation, 11 patients underwent surgical hysteroscopy and the other fourteen received conventional treatment. The main etiological factors identified were curettage and cesarian section. A normal cavity was successfully reconstructed in 12 cases (80%) after between one and three treatments. Normal menstruation was restored in all patients. In the obstetric field, there were 7 pregnancies, resulting in 6 deliveries and one miscarriage. Hysteroscopy therefore constitutes a real step forward in the diagnosis and treatment of Asherman's syndrome; it may be possible to extend its advantage to all forms of endouterine neoformations.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1995

[Ectopic molar pregnancy. Two cases in sixteen years].

Two cases of hydatidiform pregnancy tubal located occurred in 16 years are reported by the authors. The uncommon frequency of this pathology is difficult to state precisely due to the limited possibilities of diagnosis. Theses are inherent to the lack of statement of ectopic pregnancy, a non systematic histologic test, the genital infections main causes of ectopic pregnancy in areas where its rage of endemic. The inaugural clinic scene was the same as ectopic pregnancy one in a state of rupture. The emergency therapy is surgical, essentially the tubal resection, completed by a chemotherapy. The prognosis and the leading therapy have to be specify.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Epidemiological and anatomo-clinical features of extra-uterine pregnancies at the Dakar University Hospital Center].

It is the prospective study of 226 cases of operated ectopic pregnancies, in order to draw the epidemiological outline of such an affliction adn find out the possible etiologies. During this study, 107 swabs were anatomically exploited. An analysis of the results reveals the high frequency of disrupted ectopic pregnancies (over 90%). The ampullary localization exists in 73.45% of the cases. In the histological level, in 82.70 of the cases, the tubal pregnancy has been associated with a salpingitis or malformed lesions. The death rate is about 2.65%. In other respects, it appears that the limits of echography are actual, hence the importance of basic clinic, that mutilating surgery remains prevalent; histology also plays an unavoidable part in the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Ovarian pregnancy apropos of 2 cases].

The authors report 2 cases of ovarian pregnancy at Gynecological Obstetric Clinic of University Teaching Hospital in Dakar out of 210 ectopic pregnancy registered in a 28 month period (March 91 to June 93). These are the fourth and fifth cases operated on in Dakar (the 3 first cases are reported during the last 10 years). In light of the 2 cases using the data of the literature, the authors try to find out the particularities of the scarce affection which etiopathogeny is still unclear even if the symptomatology is often similar to a tubal pregnancy. The diagnosis is often evoked during laparatomies but its confirmation is based exclusively on the anatomopathological test. The frequent existence of intra ovarian hematoma and zones of necrosis make people practise annexectomy which should be avoid as much as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Risk factors for HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection in pregnant women in Dakar, Senegal.

This study examines the prevalence and risk factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) infection in pregnant women in Dakar, Senegal. From April 1991 to January 1993, 9,518 pregnant women were interviewed and serologically tested for antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2; 26 (0.3%) were HIV-1 seropositive, 44 (0.5%) were HIV-2 seropositive, two (0.02%) were dually seropositive, and 9,448 (99.3%) were seronegative. Guinea-Bissau nationality and age > 25 years were associated with HIV-2 infection, whereas parity < or = 2 was associated with HIV-1 infection. Among women who gave birth to live infants, shorter length of union with the partner and having been married more than once were associated with HIV-2 infection, whereas age < or = 25 years was associated with HIV-1 infection. Information gained by this study may help target intervention strategies for preventing maternal HIV infection and understanding biological differences between the two viruses.

Adult↗