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Biomedical subjects

F Deschamps

Publications and source records attributed to F Deschamps.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Hazards of ultrasonography of the hip].

We studied the value of ultrasound examination combined with conventional clinical evaluation in screening for congenital defects of the hip in a study including more than 3,000 neonates. We used two kinds of ultrasound methods, i.e. the morphological method, that is highly standardized and seeks to identify several well-defined anatomic landmarks (Graf's technique), and the dynamic method, that uses transverse flexion, frontal flexion or medial sections to determine the degree of stability of the hip. We describe these sections in detail so that pediatricians may correctly appreciate the images obtained. The respective indications of each section depend on the findings made as the investigation advances. Rigorous adherence to precise rules is now possible and is the only means for ensuring that these techniques will be used rationally in a way that can be expected to significantly reduce the still considerable number of dislocations and dysplasias of the hip discovered beyond three months of age.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Dissociation of maternal and fetal platelet levels in maternal idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Diagnosis of fetal thrombocytopenia by cord ultrasound-guided puncture].

Severe foetal thrombocytopenia (24,000 platelets per cubic mm) was diagnosed in a 37-week pregnant woman. The primigravida, primipara mother had been affected with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura at the age of 6 years, in remission since the age of 8 years (after splenectomy). The prenatal diagnosis was made by foetal blood sampling performed when the mother's platelet count was normal. The expected haemorrhagic complications of vaginal delivery were avoided by a caesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (Bolande's tumor). Prenatal diagnosis].

The authors report a new case of the antenatal ultrasound diagnosis of a congenital mesoblastic nephroma (also called Bolande's tumor) at 33 weeks of amenorrhea. This tumor was found to be associated with acute hydramnios involving premature labor and fetal death by respiratory embarrassment. Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a very rare entity but is the predominant renal neoplasm in the immediate neonate period. The differential diagnosis between Bolande's tumor and nephroblastoma (Wilm's tumor) is now clear since histopathological features have been precisely described by Bolande. Clinical and pathological features of the renal disease are discussed. The prognosis is excellent for most cases requiring only surgical treatment (nephrectomy).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Fetal blood sampling for karyotype using echoguided puncture of the cord. Study of 103 pregnancies].

Subcutaneous ultrasound guided puncture of the umbilical cord was carried out in order to obtain samples of blood in 103 fetuses. This was done to get the result of the karyotype quickly, i.e. in 72 hours. The indications were for diagnosis, particularly of malformations (63 cases) or intra-uterine growth retardation (24 cases). A small proportion of the indications were those for failures to carry out amniocentesis early or for checking on mosaics that were obtained after the culture of amniotic fluid cells. In 88% of the cases it was possible to obtain a karyotype and the results were checked with the sex of the fetus and the karyotype that had been obtained from amniocentesis. There were 11 abnormalities diagnosed. The chief indication of chromosome abnormality is fetal malformation. Because the result are obtained so quickly cordocentesis should replace late amniocentesis, at present when looking for fetal abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Highly sensitive biotin-avidin sandwich ELISA for the rapid detection of pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antigens.

The immunological detection of soluble pneumococcal polysaccharide antigens in pathological products is of importance in the direct diagnosis of meningitis or pulmonary infections. We have developed a double antibody sandwich ELISA method using a biotin-avidin system using antibodies constituted with a mixture of IgGs from pooled and/or monospecific antipneumococcal sera provided by the Danish Statens Seruminstitut. The sensitivity of this rapid ELISA method was optimized with purified capsular polysaccharides of the 24 main pneumococcal serotypes. With incubation steps of 30 min at 37 degrees C for the antigens and the conjugates, the detection limit was close to 1 ng/ml for 75% of the purified polysaccharides. A retrospective study of 46 CSF samples established the validity of the assay. This type of modified ELISA system represents a specific, sensitive and rapid procedure for the potential detection of capsular soluble antigens of all pneumococcal serotypes.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

[Stimulation of ovulation by pure FSH for in vitro fertilization. Study of the route of administration].

Pulsatile injection of FSH to stimulate ovulation for in vitro fertilization was undertaken in order to compare the intramuscular route with the pulsatile subcutaneous route in two groups of 6 patients each selected at random. The patients were selected in such a way as to reduce as far as possible the parameters that would make it difficult to interpret the results. Both from the point of view of the numbers of patients who responded to stimulation of ovulation as well as the numbers of pregnancies that were obtained, the intramuscular route seems to be preferable.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Conjunctival impression in the keratoconjunctivitis sicca syndrome].

Cytological study is extremely useful in supplementing clinical findings in various conjunctival and corneal conditions. The authors describe a simple, reproducible, and painless method - impression cytology - for removing conjunctival tissue. It is cheap and quick, and can also be used for outpatients. The sample is spread flat on a light microscope slide and cytologically evaluated, e.g., with regard to perilimbal distribution of the mucus cells, cell nucleus-cytoplasm ratio and serpiginous aspect of the chromatin. The method permits more objective evaluation than is possible with conventional biopsy methods. It is particularly suitable in dry-eye syndrome and hypersecretion of the mucus cells. By repeating the procedure information can be obtained about the course of the disease and the efficacy of therapy.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMed1985

[Pregnancies by fertilization in vitro. Biochemistry of the follicular fluid].

Fifty four follicular fluids containing 41 oocytes were sampled from 6 patients in which at least one pregnancy was obtained after IVF. Their biochemical composition has been correlated with the follicle maturity and oocyte quality. Three components have been assayed: steroids, prostanoids, proteolytic enzymes. Determinations of estrogens and total aromatisable androgens were carried out by the enzymatic technic of Nicolas and al.; progesterone and 17 OH progesterone by RIA. Development of in vitro cultured and fertilized oocytes appears to be improved when progesterone and estrogens concentrations in the follicular fluid are above 2 000 and 600 ng/ml respectively, with an A/E ratio under 1. On the other hand, prostanoids (T X B2, PGE2, PGF2 alpha determined by RIA) and proteolytic enzymes : (collagenolytic and kallikrein type activities) seemed related to ovulatory activity rather than to oocyte quality.

Androgens↗
PubMed1985

[Principle and practice of in vitro fertilization. Role in the treatment of female sterility].

In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) appear to constitute a revolution in the reproductive sciences rather than merely a new technique in the treatment of sterility. Principle of IVF: IVF accomplishes in vitro the process than normally occurs in the oviduct between the ovulation of oocyte II and embryo implantation in the endometrium. This 4 day period (under normal conditions in the woman) involves 4 steps: recovery, fertilization, segmentation and transport. Performance of IVF: Recovery of the oocytes: The oocytes are recovered under celioscopic or echographic observation when they have completed cytoplasmic maturation and their first meiosis. A precise monitoring of ovulation (spontaneous or induced) should be performed using estrogen and LH assays. IVF provides an opportunity for evaluating the methods of ovulation induction and monitoring, as a function of the maturation of the oocytes recovered. Fertilization: When the oocyte has achieved maturing after several hours of incubation, fertilization is obtained 15 h contact with washed and capacitated spermatozoa (100 000/ml). This step is highly dependent on gametocyte quality: oocyte maturity and fecundity of spermatozoa, which can be estimated from the percentage of survival in the insemination medium. Segmentation occurs in culture at pH 7.28 in the presence of 5 per cent CO2 at 37 degrees C (pronucleus 15th, 2 blastomeres 26 h, 4-8 blastomeres 52 h). Embryo transfer is carried out when an embryo is present at 52 h. Only 1/10 of the embryo transfers result in successful implantation, which depends on the quality of the embryo; the quality can only be indirect criteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cell Division↗
PubMed1983

[Collection of mature ovocytes during cycles with spontaneous ovulation for the purpose of in vitro fertilization].

In vitro fertilization was attempted during a spontaneous cycle in 17 out of 97 patients. Preovulatory urinary estrogen and LH maximas were assayed in order to time celioscopy 24 hours after the onset of the triggering urinary LH maxima. In 8 patients, comparison with plasmatic LH shows that the timing of spontaneous ovulation can be precisely predicted from urine assays. However, when the triggering LH release is weak, LH must be above or equal to 25 IU/g of creatinine with a creatininuria above or equal to 0.4 g/l in two urine samples at a three-hour interval.

Estrogens↗
PubMed1983

[Predicting ovulation by detecting the preovulatory rise of estrogens and LH in the urine].

The preovulatory LH surge induces final maturation of the ovocyte which makes it suitable for in vitro fertilization. The spontaneous LH peak can be detected in blood or in the urine. Whatever the method of determination, the diagnosis of the triggering LH surge can be done only on strict criteria. This work defines these criteria when urinary Higonavis is used: a rise in the plus signs in two successive samples or a positive result in urine diluted fourfold.

Estrogens↗